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Bis terque expertum frustra, delere jubebat

440

Et male tornatos incudi reddere versus.

Si defendere delictum quam vertere malles,

Nullum ultra verbum aut operam insumebat inanem,
Quin sine rivali teque et tua solus amares.

Vir bonus et prudens versus reprehendet inertes,
Culpabit duros, incomptis allinet atrum
Transverso calamo signum, ambitiosa recidet
Ornamenta, parum claris lucem dare coget,
Arguet ambigue dictum, mutanda notabit,
Fiet Aristarchus; non dicet: Cur ego amicum
Offendam in nugis? Hæ nugæ seria ducent
In mala derisum semel exceptumque sinistre.
Ut mala quem scabies aut morbus regius urget
Aut fanaticus error et iracunda Diana,
Vesanum tetigisse timent fugiuntque poëtam,
Qui sapiunt; agitant pueri incautique sequuntur.
Hic, dum sublimis versus ructatur et errat,
Si veluti merulis intentus decidit auceps

In puteum foveamve, licet, Succurrite, longum

445

450

455

441. male tornatos. So Propert. | luxuriantia. Cp. Carm. I. xxxvi. II. xxxiv. 43.:

angusto versus includere torno. incudi. So Pind. Pyth. i. 86.: ἀψευδεῖ δὲ πρὸς ἄκμονι χάλκευε γλῶσσαν.

(i. e. speak truth.) To get rid of the mixture of metaphors, Bentley reads ter natos, 6 satis inconcinne;” and indeed the two ideas are not incompatible, since the lathe (tornus) seems to have been used in working metals.

444. Cic. ad Q. fratrem, III. viii. 4. "quam ineptus quam se ipse amans sine rivali." Cp. Ep. 11. ii.

108.

445. See Ep. II. ii. 110. sqq. 447. ambitiosa. Perhaps in its first sign., as derived from ambio, =

20.

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Clamet, Io cives! non sit, qui tollere curet.
Si curet quis opem ferre et demittere funem,
Qui scis, an prudens huc se projecerit atque
Servari nolit? dicam Siculique poëtæ
Narrabo interitum: Deus immortalis haberi
Dum cupit Empedocles, ardentem frigidus Ætnam
Insiluit. Sit jus liceatque perire poëtis ;
Invitum qui servat, idem facit occidenti.
Nec semel hoc fecit, nec, si retractus erit, jam
Fiet homo et ponet famosæ mortis amorem.
Nec satis apparet, cur versus factitet, utrum
Minxerit in patrios cineres, an triste bidental
Moverit incestus: certe furit ac velut ursus
Objectos caveæ valuit si frangere clathros,
Indoctum doctumque fugat recitator acerbus;
Quem vero arripuit, tenet occiditque legendo,
Non missura cutem nisi plena cruoris hirudo.

471. triste bidental. Pers. ii. 27. A place struck by lightning, and then consecrated by sacrifices (bidentibus), and railed off from profanation. Cp. puteal.

460

465

470

475

474. recitator. Sat. I. iii. 89.; Juv. Sat. iii. 9.

476. hirudo. Theocr. ii. 56.:

τί μεν μέλαν ἐκ χροὸς αἷμα ἐμφὺς ὡς λιμνᾶτις ἅπαν ἐκ βδέλλα πέπωκας ;

APPENDIX OF NOTES

ORIGINAL AND SELECTED FROM

BENTLEY, DOERING, THE DELPHIN ED., C. FEA, GESNER, ORELLI, AND OBBAR.

SATIRARUM LIBER I.

SAT. I.

1. The construction illustrated in the footnote may be found sometimes in English; but it is due rather to accident than idiom where it occurs. Sydney Smith (Moral Phil. Lect. xi.) says, 'No one would laugh to see a little child fall, and would be shocked to see such an accident happen to an old man, or his father.' Elmsley has a note on it; see Soph. Ed. Tyr. 241, where the sentence begins with ȧraud, and is continued with KEλEUW understood. Cp. Cic. pro Rosc. Com. 2: 'adversaria in judicium protulit nemo; codicem protulit.' Cp. Liv. xxvi. 2: ut nemo . . . . essent.' So Virg. Æn. i. 674:

ne quo se numine mutet,

Sed magno Æneæ mecum teneatur amore, (i. e. ut teneatur.)

2. Ratio d. Fors obj. The correspondence of dederit with Ratio (i. e. Providence, or design) and of objecerit with Fors (i.e. accident or chance) is to be marked; and the first phrase may be held to represent the Stoic theory, and the second the Epicurean theory of the government of the world.

4. mercatores. 'Traders, shipowners.' àvépes åλpnotaí. Hom.

9. juris legumque. A natural double phrase, used again in E. 1. xvi. 41, to signify all law, abstract or general, and specific: jus expresses common law, national law, natural rights; lex is a law, a statute. Cicero (de Leg. i. 6) defines lex as that which scripto sancit quod vult_aut jubendo aut vetando.' Their various and distinctive meanings are given fully and with instances in Adams's Roman Antiquities, p. 181, sqq. 10. galli cantum. Tov õpeριov vóμov, Arist. Eccl. 741; Av. 489. ὄρνιχες τρίτον ἄρτι τὸν ἔσχατον ὄρθρον ἄειδον, Theocr. Id. xxiv. 63. 13. Cetera de genere hoc. Transitus est Lucretianus iv. 590.' [0.] 20. quin, i. e. 'to prevent,' as in S. 11. iii. 42; A. P. 444; Ter. Andr. II. iv. 21.

21. buccas inflet. A gesture indicative sometimes of pride and affectation, sometimes of anger. In the first sense [D.] compares Tàs yválovs puoŵv from Demosth. F. L. 314, and in the second, tumido delitigat ore, A. P. 94. [O.] cp. sufflatus in Plaut. Bacch. IV. ii. 21, and Casin. II. iii. 19. So Persius iv. 20: suffla; sum candidus (i. e. ‘boast'). So bucca is used of vehement declaimers, Juv. xi. 34; Pers. v. 13.

37. illis... Quæsitis. It is not usual to find ille joined thus with a participle, like the article in Greek, but cp. v. 115.

42. defossâ. Cp. Virg. Geor. ii. 507:

Condit opes alius, defossoque incubat auro.

46. hoc... plus.

Idem fere atque eo plus.' [0.]

50. [D.] quotes Seneca, Ep. 16: 'Si ad naturam vives, nunquam eris pauper; si ad opiniones nunquam eris dives.' It was an Epicurean maxim, Tò μèv puσikdy nâv evñóριστóv ẻστi, Diog. Laert. x. 130: quoted by [0.] Cp. the Stoic rule, Vivere naturæ convenienter, E. 1. x. 12.

53. cumera (or cumerum) was a bin or jar, sometimes of earthenware, oftener of broom or wicker work, for holding grain. Also it was a measure of five or six modii. [G] calls it Punica et Syra vox a Gr. κάμπτρα.

54. liquidi, used substantively. So in S. 11. vii. 91, gelidâ stands by itself with aquâ, understood.

55. Comp. Spenser's F. Qu. II. vii. 15:

Thro' foul intemperance

Frail men are oft captived to covetise;

But would they think with how small allowance
Untroubled nature doth herself suffice

Such superfluities they would despise,

Which with sad cares impeach our native joys:
At the wellhead the purest streams arise,

But mucky filth his branching arms annoys.

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66. sibilat. Cic. in Pison. 65: Da te populo, committe ludis; sibilum metuis? [D.] Compare Ben Jonson, Every Man out of his Humour,' Act I.:

Poor worms, they hiss at me, whilst I at home
Can be contented to applaud myself.... with joy
To see how plump my bags are and my barns.

67. Cp. Eur. Fr. Bell. xx. 7:

ὁ μὲν ζάπλουτος εἰς γένος δ ̓ οὐκ εὐτυχής
ἀλγεῖ μὲν, ἀλγεῖ, παγκάλως δ' ἀλγύνεται
ὄλβου διοίγων θάλαμον ἥδιστον χερί.

71. Virg. Æn. vi. 610.

quam ad rem sumeret,'

73. quo. To what end.' Not often joined with such a verb as valeat. But cp. 'quo vellet aurum' (equivalent to c. 52), in Cic. pro Cæl. xxi. 53. xxvi. 9.

Cp. also 'Si quo usus operæ sit,' Liv.

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