76. vigilare metu... juvat. Eur. Ion. 623: τίς γὰρ μακάριος τίς εὐτυχὴς ὅστις δεδοικὼς καὶ περιβλέπων βίαν On the difference of metus, formido, pavor, etc. see Donaldson's Lat. Gr. App. iv. 109. 79. Cp. Goldsmith's Des. Village: The heart distrusting asks if this be joy? And Spenser's Faer. Qu. 11. vii. 12: Far otherwise (said he) I riches read And deem them root of all disquietness, First got with guile and then preserved with dread. And see the allegorical description of Avarice in the same poem, 1. iv. 27-29. 82. Assideat. Cp. Liv. xxv. 24: assidentes curantesque. So πроσedpía, Eur. Orest. 304. 85. noti from the passive sense known to you, passes into knowing you, intimates, acquaintances; so in E. 1. x. 5. Cp. ignotis nota, Cic. ad Lucc. Ep. v. 12. 91. In campo. Sc. Martio, i. e. as a racer. Cp. C. 1. viii. 8. Keightley suggests a possible allusion to the Equiria instituted by Romulus, and mentioned in Ovid, Fast. ii. 859; iii. 519. 96. Ut metiretur. This phrase was proverbial to signify 'great riches' (or, acc. to Suidas, v. μédiuvos, 'great expectations'). So Xenophon, Hell. I. ii. 27, expresses the wealth of Xenias of Elis, Tòv λeyóμενον μεδίμνῳ ἀπομετρήσασθαι τὸ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀργύριον. [0.] Pliny, N. H. xxxv. 36, relates that Apelles was paid for his Alexander 20 talents, mensurâ non numero. 102. Pergis, etc. The sense is, 'That is quite another point; you argue as if the alternative lay between extremes; you bring contraries together front to front.' Componere is a metaphor from the gladiatorial school, see Sat. 1. vii. 20. [O.] Frontibus adversis might be a metaphor from a bull fight, as Virg. Æn. xii. 717 : Cum duo conversis inimica in prœlia tauri but simply expresses direct opposition, as in Lucret. vi. 117: concurrere nubes frontibus adversis possint. 114. Ov. A. Am. iii. 595: Tum bene fortis equus reserato carcere currit, 119. conviva. ... Cp. the use of this figure in W. Scott, Anne of Geierstein, ch. xv.: 'Death is dreadful . . . but in the first spring-tide of youth... to be snatched forcibly from the banquet to which the individual has but just sat down is peculiarly appalling.' SAT. II. 2. balatrones. Lucret. iii. 954. See Bentley on S. II. iii. 166. 8. ingrata. Insatiable,' cp. Lucr. iii. 1016. [O.] - ingluvie. 'Gluttony,' properly a bird's crop, as in Virg. G. iii. 431. 9. conductis. 'Borrowed;' cp. Juv. xi. 46, conducta pecunia. 25. Maltinus. This is the form of the name preferred by [0.], and derived from malta, a Lucilian term for an effeminate person. The Scholiasts affirm that under this name Mæcenas is intended, and that these tunica demissiciæ, which were generally a sign of a foppish and luxurious habit, were adopted by him to hide varicose veins. Kirchner (Quæst. Hor. iii.) adopts this statement of the Scholiasts, and infers from it that this Satire must have been composed some time before the poet had become known to his patron. [O.] quotes Madvig as decisive against it; but Franke and Weber as, amongst others, supporting it. (See the Philological Museum, vol. i. pp. 474-9.) 36. albi, i.e. matronæ veste albâ indutæ. [O.] 48. Salustius. See on C. ii. 2, Appendix. 59. trahit his reputation suffers more than his estate. 62. oblimare. Prop. limo obruere, as in Virg. Geor. iii. 136, sulcos oblimet inertes. 63. togatâ, a term of reproach. The toga was worn by low characters; the proper dress of a lady was stola. SAT. III. 7. citaret Io Baccha. The value of this reading is discussed by [0.] and [B.], and Lachmann on Lucret. ii. 27. It has fair MS. authority, and is supported by the line of Eur. Bacch. 577: ὦ βάκχαι, ἰὼ βάκχαι. Citare to run over rapidly or repeatedly: So the Schol. frequenter pronunciare. [G.] clara voce cantare.' [O.] Lachm. explains it by 'compellare,' as in Cic. de Fin. ii. 18; or, ‘celeri àywyn peragere.' summâ voce. Gesner says of his interpretation, the one given in the footnote, and which is generally accepted, 'Trajectio locum aliquantum obscurat, ut in Car. II. xiii. 1.' 8. resonat... chordis='e chordis prodit, per chordas sonat, ablativus causalis vel instrumentalis.' [O.] 12. reges... loquens. So Cic. ad Att. ix. 2, 3: Nihil nisi classes loquens et exercitus. [O.] So Plato, Gorg. v. 101: λéyei okuтéas kal κναφέας. 13. Mart. xii. 66. 25. pervideas =videas. [B.] reads prævideas for prætervideas, but adduces no instance of the word bearing that sense; it means to foresee.' Perv. lippus is like S. 1. ii. 91, Hypsoa cacior. 26. Cp. Cic. Off. 1. xli. 4. 41. Plato, Rep. 5, p. 11, 474. ...... spectes 44. Strabonem. Gr. στράβων, στράβος, from στρέφω. 47. varum Mart. ii. 35. [O.] introrsum retortis pedibus: simulant qui cornua lunæ,' Cp. the use of the word in Ovid, Am. 1. iii. 24: Virgineâ tenuit cornua vara manu. 49. Ineptus. The character intended by this word is described a length by Cicero, de Orat. 11. iv. 17, quoted by [D.] 50. concinnus, suitable, agreeable to, in good order, pleasant, elegant, tasteful. If derived from concino, the primary notion will be 'in harmony with,' from which notion the other usages easily flow. 52. Plus æquo liber. Æsch. Pr. V. 180: ἄγαν ἐλευθεροστομεῖς. 55. Cp. Liv. xxii. 12: pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum, affingens vicina virtutibus vitia, compellabat. And again, c. 39: Sine, timidum pro cauto, tardum pro considerato, imbellem pro perito belli, vocent. 56. Probus ... demissus. Cic. de Orat. 11. xliii. 182. [0.] 58. Tardo. So Cicero, Acad. iv. 97: Vide quam sit cautus is quem isti tardum vocant.' 66. Communi. [G.] quotes Juv. viii. 73: Rarus enim ferme sensus communis in illâ (where see Mayor's note.) Communis is used of persons, as by Cicero (de Senect. 17) of Cyrus: Communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse,' i. e. condescending and kind; кowòv кal piλávěρwπov, Demosth. De Cor. p. 315, ult. So Suetonius, Claud. 21, communior (= more familiar); and Vespas. 22, super cœnam . . . . communissimus. 68. Compare the analogous argument relating to men's wants and the provision of nature, in Herod. i. 32: ἄλλο μὲν ἔχει ἑτέρου δὲ ἐπιδέεται· ἡ δὲ (sc. χώρα) ἂν τὰ πλεῖστα ἔχῃ, ἀρίστη αὕτη. 70. Cum. Singular as this construction is, the general argument seems clearly to point out that cum is a preposition here. The preceding context has been a continuous reproach against the uncharitable temper of society; it has nowhere been supposed that men form dispassionate, impartial judgments of each other. But now it is urged that a real friend, a friend deserving of the name, would do so. Let my friend (says the moralist) weigh my good against my evil qualities; if the good outnumber the other, let him give them the preponderance.' 71. inclinet. 'Mire pro propensior sit.' [G.] The meaning belongs naturally enough to the verb (cp. Cic. de Or. xliv. 187: si se dant et... suâ sponte, quo impellimus, inclinant atque propendent), the dative following it is, to say the least, very rare. Inclinare is used both as a transitive and a neuter verb; there would be no difficulty here in understanding an ellipse of animum or se, as in the above quotation of Cicero. We might even supply lancem, considering how fully the metaphor is kept up; in that case pluribus would be ablative, inclinet lancem pluribus ='press down the scale with these as more numerous.' 72. Si volet... ponetur. The correspondence of tenses is not a grammatical necessity, but it furnishes some argument at least for connecting these two verbs as antithetical. [O.] has the colon after volet, thus making volet answer to inclinet. 76. vitium iræ. This is a curious instance of the genitive of apposition. In this usage the leading noun expresses a general idea; the genitive a special one, to denote or define it. (See Madv. Gr. § 286.) There is an exact parallel to this instance in Cic. pro Muren. x. 23: Aliis ego te virtutibus, continentiæ, gravitatis, justitiæ, fidei, ceteris omnibus, consulatu et omni honore semper dignissimum judicavi. This genitive is used poetically in local or geographical terms, e. g. urbem Patavi, Mycena, Buthroti, in Virg. Æn. i. 247; v. 52; iii. 293; tellus Ausoniæ, iii. 477. And in descriptive terms, as in Liv. xxiv. 3, Lucus proceris abietis arboribus septus; (arborem fici, in Cic. pro Flacc. 17-41, is probably an interpolation). So in Suet. Aug. 94, arborem palmæ. 83. dicatur. The Delphin Ed. points this clause interrogatively. 85. Observe the variation from cui concedere, in S. 1. iv. 140. 85. Bentley, placing the colon after insuavis, joins acerbus odisti, i. e. in your sour temper you hate and shun him. The argument is if it be a folly to ill-treat slaves (v. 80), how much worse to be hard upon a friend? 91. This must be the Arcadian Evander of Eneid. viii. 52, sqq. The Scholiast supposes the sculptor to be meant, Aulanius Evander (Plin. N. H. XXXVI. v. 32), who was brought by Antony from Athens to Alexandria, and thence (in 29 B. C., and therefore subsequently to the date of this Book of Satires) to Rome. tritum. [0.] quotes Martial, VIII. vi. 9 (upon the passion for antiques): Hi duo longævo censentur Nestore fundi; 92. Cp. Lucian, Timon, 54. [0.] 96. Cp. Cic. de Fin. iv. xix. 55; recte facta omnia æqualia, omnia peccata paria; quæ cum magnificè primo dici viderentur considerata minus probantur: sensus enim cujusque et natura rerum atque ipsa veritas clamabat quodammodo, non posse adduci ut inter eas res, quas Zeno exæquaret, nihil interesset.' 99. Cp. Virg. Georg. ii. 340: Cum primæ lucem pecudes hausere virûmque Ferrea progenies duris caput extulit arvis. 100. Cp. Cic. de Inven. i. 2: Fuit quoddam tempus cum in agris passim homines bestiarum modo vagabantur, et sibi victu ferino vitam propagabant. [D.] 103. So C. 1. x. 3 represents speech and language as the beginning of civilisation. Cp. again Cic. Tusc. Qu. v. ii. 5: O vitæ Philosophia dux ... tu urbes peperisti, tu dissipatos homines in societatem vitæ convocâsti, tu eos inter se primo domiciliis deinde conjugiis cum literarum et vocum communione junxisti, tu inventrix legum, etc. [D.] 105. So Juven. xv. 148-154. [D.] 120. A parallel anacoluthon is quoted by [O.] and by Madvig, Opusc. v. i. p. 491, note, from Liv. xxvIII. xxii. 12: nihil minus quam ut egredi moenibus auderent timeri poterat.' Madv. says, 'debebat scribi ne, rectum esset ut, si subjecisset futurum credebatur.' 125. Cp. Cic. Acad. II. xliv. 136; and Lucilius (quoted by the Scholiast): in mundo sapiens hæc omnia habebit; Formosus, dives, liber, rex, solus vocetur. [0.] 129. Cp. Χen. Μem. It. i. 4: ὥσπερ ὁ κιθαρίζειν μαθών, κἂν μὴ κιθαρίζῃ κιθαριστής ἐστι κ. τ. λ. SAT. IV. 1. Cp. Quintil. x. i. 65. [0.] 4. sicarius. σikáρios, N. T. 5. cum libertate. Cum is apparently pleonastic, but it gives the sense of notabant idque liberrime.' (On the apparent ellipse of cum, see Wagner's note on Virg. Æn. iv. 517; on the addition of cum, see Madv. Gr. § 257.) With the idea and the phrase, compare Cic. ad Fam. XII. xvi. 3. [0.] Juvenal asks (S. i. 151), unde illa priorum Scribendi quodcunque animo flagrante liberet 8. Emunctæ. This curious metaphor has its parallel in the Gr. ἀπομύσσω and κορυζῶ. (Compare, as an analogous figure of speech, purgatam aurem, in E. 1. i. 7.) 9. in hora. In, within the space of. On the insertion of the preposition, see Madvig, Gr. 276; 3, 4. 13. nil moror. 'I think nothing of that.' Cp. E. 1. xv. 16; 11. i. 264. So Virg. Æn. ii. 287, nec me quærentem vana moratur;' and xi. 365. Moror, I delay,'' dwell on,' ,'' regard.' Cp. mora in Ov. Am. 11. xi. 14: 'bibuli litoris illa mora est' (i.e. the attraction). 17. bene fecerunt. So Arist. Ach. 1050: καλῶς γε ποιῶν ὅστις ἦν. And compare the ungracious acknowledgement, Eur. Med. 533: ὅπη γὰρ οὖν ὤνησας οὐ κακῶς ἔχει. Cp. Lucian, Charon, ad fin.: eʊ ye èπoínσas. Timon, 29. 22. imagine. Juven. vii. 29. 25. erue. Turba obruit singulos, ex hâc igitur erue quamvis.' Cp. Cic. Fam. v. ix. 2. [0.] 26. ob... ambitione. This change of construction is illustrated by [O.] from Sallust. Jug. 22; Liv. xxxviii. 39; Tac. H. ii. 50. |