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Douglas, Lord Hailes, Horace Walpole, Mrs. Piozzi, Isaac Reed, and many others. III. ADDITIONS and CORRECTIONS to the LITERARY ANECDOTES and ILLUSTRATIONS of the LITERATURE of the EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, with NUMEROUS BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. Among the AUTHORS, ARTISTS, and LEARNED MEN noticed, are:G. Basevi, Mrs. E. Berkeley, W. L. Bowles, W. Bray, Rev. G. Butler, E. Capell, Dr. J. Carr, A. Chalmers, G. Chalmers, J. Cradock, Sir H. Croft, P. Cunningham, I. D'Israe i, F. Douce, T. Fisher, Forster Family, T. D. Fosbroke, Goodenough Family, Dr. Goldsmith, R. Gough, J. Gutch, J. Haslewood, J. T. Hawkins, W. Hayes, A. Highmore, Sir R. C. Hoare,J. Holt, Sir R. H. Inglis, S. Ireland, W. Langton, G. H. Locker, E. Malone, T. Maurice, Sir S. Meyrick, Dr. Napleton, Sir Isaac Newton, J. Nicol, S. Pegge, T. Pennant, R. Polwhele, J. Pridden, T. Rackett, J. Gage-Rokewode, J. Schnebbelie, J.-T. Smith, Tattersal Family, Jon. Toup, W. Turner, R.A., Mrs. Jane West, Dr. T. D. Whitaker, Bishop Watson, Dr. R. Yates. Also the BooKSELLERS, PRINTERS, LETTER FOUNDERS, and STATIONERS of the EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. IV. LITERARY CORRESPONDENCE-including Letters of W. Bowyer, -Ames, N. Bowman, Dr. Farmer, Forster Family, W. Mason the Poet, Baron Maseres, Bp. Percy, H. Taylor, Bp. Warburton, T. Warton the Poet, Rev. J. Whitaker. V. Characters of his Contemporaries, by the Rev. WILLIAM COLE. The following portions of the Two Works are still on Sale :LITERARY ANECDOTES, Vol. VIII., 218.; Vol. IX. and Index II., 30s. LITERARY ILLUSTRATIONS, Seven Vols., 71. 7s.; Vols. VII. and VIII. containing the Percy Correspondence and Indexes, 27. 28. NICHOLS & SONS, 25. Parliament Street. volumes. It has been represented to them that when the ATHENEUM started in its career its yearly volume consisted of 840 pages, whilst now it has increased to double that number. The Proprietors have therefore resolved that the ATHENEUM shall in future be paged in half-yearly volumes, and an enlarged Index given with each volume in January and July. Every Saturday, price Fourpence, of any Bookseller, THE ATHENAEUM, JOURNAL OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE, AND ART; (Stamped to go Free by Post, 5d.) contains :Reviews, with Extracts, of every important New English Book, and of the more important Foreign Works. Reports of the Proceedings of the Learned Societies, with Abstracts of Papers of Interest. Authentic Accounts of Scientific Voyages and Expeditions. Foreign Correspondence on Subjects relating to Literature, Science, and Art. Criticisms on Art, with Critical Notices of Exhibitions, Picture Collections, New Prints, &c. Music and Drama, including Reports on the Opera, Concerts, Theatres, New Music, &c. Biographical Notices of Men distinguished in Literature, Science, and Art. Original Papers and Poems. Weekly Gossip. "Mr. Sainsbury has discovered in H. M. State Paper Office documents which throw additional light on Rubens' character and performances and a variety of particulars informing as to the acquisition of some of the masterpieces of art in our English Collections."-The Times. "It is a volume which should find favour with the public at large, for its hero belongs to us all."- Athenæum. "Mr. Sainsbury has been labouring in the State Paper Office not in vain. His volume will, among other things, throw a light on the introduction of many of the great artist's works into this country, as well as on his connection with the English Court."-Spectator. "Mr. Sainsbury has made a most important contribution to the History of Art in this country." - Illustrated London News. BRADBURY & EVANS, 11. Bouverie Street, E.C. Printed by GEORGE ANDREW SPOTTISWOODE, of No. 10. Little New Street, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London, at No. 5. New-street Square, in the said Parish, and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186, Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street, aforesaid, May 12, 1860.. Helix MINOR NOTES: The Aught and Forty Daugh- Alliterative Pasquinade- The Names "Bonaparte" and "Napoleon"-A Parish Kettle-Pepys's Diary; Battle of St. Gothard- First Folio Shakspeare-An ancient Tombstone QUERIES: 127 128 128 130 130 Excessive Rainfall, by Robert Rawlinson MINOR QUERIES : — - Haberdon, or Habyrdon- Holles 132 134 135 136 The Gregorian Tones, by Dr. E. F. Rimbault Drengage, by Wm. Sidney Gibson 137 137 138 139 140 140 142 - 146 146 146 "Jacob Grimm Ueber den Ursprung der Sprache. Abhandlungen der K. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1851. "Keine, unter allen neueren Sprachen, hat gerade durch das Aufgeben und Zerrütten alter Lautgesetze, durch den Wegfall beinahe sämmtlicher Flexionen, eine grössere Kraft und Stärke empfangen, als die Englische, und von ihrer nicht einmal lehrbaren, nur lernburen Fülle freier Mitteltöne ist eine wesentliche Gewalt des Ausdrucks abhängig geworden, wie sie vielleicht noch nie einer andern menschlichen Zunge zu Gebote stand. Ihre ganze überaus geistige, wunderbar geglückte Anlage und Durchbildung war hervorgegangen aus einer überraschenden Vermählung der beiden edelsten Sprachen des späteren Europas, der Germanischen und Romanischen, und bekannt ist, wie im Englischen sich beide zu einander verhalten, indem jene bei weitem die sinnliche Grundlage hergab, diese die geistigen Begriffe zuführte. Ja, die Englische Sprache, von der nicht umsonst auch der grösste und überlegenste Dichter der neuen Zeit im Gegensatz zur classischen alten Poesie, ich kann natürlich nur Shakespeare meinen, gezeugt und getragen worden ist, sie darf mit vollem Recht eine Weltsprache heissen, und scheint gleich dem Englischen Volke ausersehn künftig noch in höherem Masse an allen Enden der Erde zu walten. Denn an Reichthum, Vernunft und gedrängter Füge lässt sich keine aller noch lebenden Sprachen ihr an die Seite setzen, auch unsere Deutsche nicht, die zerrissen ist, wie wir selbst zerrissen sind, und erst manche Gebrechen von sich abschütteln müsste, ehe sie kühn mit in die Laufbahn träte." (Translation.) Of all modern languages, not one has acquired such great strength and vigour as the English. It has accomplished this by simply freeing itself from the ancient phonetic laws, and casting off almost all inflec э tions; whilst, from its abundance of intermediate sounds [Miteltöne*], tones not even to be taught, but only to be learned, it has derived a characteristic power of expression such as perhaps was never yet the property of any other human tongue. Its highly spiritual genius, and wonderfully happy development, have proceeded from, a surprisingly intimate alliance of the two oldest languages of modern Europe - the Germanic and Romanesque. It is well known in what relation these stand to one another in the English language. The former supplies the material groundwork, the latter the higher mental conceptions. Indeed, the English language, which has not in vain produced and supported the greatest, the most prominent of all modern poets (I allude, of course, to Shakspeare), in contradistinction to the ancient classical poetry, may be called justly a LANGUAGE OF THE WORLD: and seems, like the English nation, to be destined to reign in future with still more extensive sway over all parts of the globe. For none of all the living languages can be compared with it as to richness, rationality, and close construction [Vernunft und gedrängter Füge], not even the German which has many discrepancies like our nation, and from which it would be first obliged to free itself, before it could boldly enter the lists with the English. I transmit the text, as many of your reoders may prefer the extract-as most "foreign extracts" are preferred-"neat as imported:" although, owing to the kindness of a friend, it is fairly represented in the translation. It is, however, very difficult to find words which precisely express the meaning of German scientific terms. S. H. PRESERVATION OF VALUABLE PAPERS FROM DAMP; DRYING CLOSETS. The desiccative powers of lime are familiar to chemists, and, I believe, to many practical men ; but I do not know of lime having been used for the above purpose. A strong chest, in my possession, containing important papers (title-deeds, marriage certificates, &c.), gradually became damp, and subjected its contents to a slow process of decay. This arose, I found, from a defect in its construction, wood having been improperly introduced into the latter, and concealed so that some singular chemical compounds would appear to have been formed. The papers were gradually injured to an extent enforcing attention; and the process continued in them after their removal into a well-constructed chest, giving me the impression of a process resembling the action of a ferment. Several attempts *Mitteltone are those sounds which stand between the three fundamental vowels, a, i, u, as pronounced by the continental nations. † Romanesque. Those languages which have descended from the Latin, as the Spanish, Frank, or French, &c. | were made to dry them by fires, the rays of the sun, &c.; but the damp was always renewed. They were thoroughly dried in a very few days, and permanently kept dry, by placing and keeping in the chest a box containing a little quicklime. At a later period, a large closet, so damp as to render articles mouldy, was thoroughly dried, and kept dry, by a box containing lime. The chest was about 2 feet 6 inches, by 2 feet 1 inch, and 1 foot 8 inches; and the box placed in it for several months was about 1 foot 23 inches, by 84 inches, and 3 inches. After about a year, although no very perceptible damp was discovered, yet, in consequence of the value of the papers, and the beauty of some of them as manuscripts, I introduced two such boxes. These proportions were selected to enable the boxes to stand conveniently on a shelf with account-books and packages of papers. The closet is about 11 feet 4 inches, by 2, irregular dimensions, which I estimate at about 6 feet, and 2 feet 4 inches. The box used in this case is 1 foot 4 inches, by 11 inches, and 7 inches. The lime should be in pieces of a suitable size. For the chest, I prefer pieces about the size of a large English walnut; for the closet, of an orange. It is necessary eithes that the box should be strongly made, or be formed of tin, or other metal, on account of the lateral expansive force of the lime. Room for expansion upwards is not sufficient protection. The same expansion renders it necessary that the box should not be more than two-fifths filled with fresh lime. I leave the tops open. If covered, they must be so disposed that the air within the boxes shall freely communicate with that of the chest or closet. I have used these boxes several years, and only changed the lime once a year. B. H. Č. Philadelphia. FOSITION OF THE CLERGY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. The Proceedings and Papers of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, Session IV., 1851-2, include a paper contributed by Thomas Dorning Hibbert, of the Middle Temple, Esq., being the second of a series of "Letters relating to Lancashire and Cheshire, temp. James I., Charles I., and Charles II." One of these letters, written in or about the year 1605, by the Rev. William Batemanne, from Ludgarsall (Ludgar's Hall), "a parish which lies in the counties of Oxford and Bucks," and addressed "to his louinge father Ihon Batemanne, alderman at Maxfelde" (Macclesfield), contains, as the learned contributor remarks, "strong confirmation of Mr. Macaulay's controverted statement, that the country clergy occupied a very humble position in the sixteenth and seventeenth |