jeat behaviour to Bishop Sherlock, to whom he owed his preferment: married a woman of fashion and fortune: was a decent man and good scholar: he has published some controversial pamphlets against the free-thinkers."

3. Tyrwhit, Fellow of Jesus College.

"This gentleman had been offered a Chaplainship under the Bishop of Winchester, and some time since resigned the small Vicarage of Hinxton; but as he had a genteel, private fortune of his own, it was thought that he chose rather to live a retired life in College, and uninterrupted, and that this was his motive for his denial in both however, about May, 1770, being called upon by the statutes to keep his Bachelor of Divinity's degree, and perform exercises in the schools, his reasons, which he had kept close to himself, were discovered by his questions sent to the professor, which were against the belief of the Trinity; and that prayers and intercessions ought to be addressed to the Deity alone: as the Professor, Dr. Rutherforth, refused to admit them, Mr. Barker of Queen's College was appointed to his day to dispute in. Another set of questions which he sent to the Professor, after these had been refused, was, that nothing contrary to reason was to be admitted in religious worship. These questions and difficulties are now (I write May 27, 1770) sent up to the Archbishop of Canterbury for his opinion. It ever occurred to me, that if the legislative and ecclesiastical system now professed in the Church of England was to be supported, it seemed to be absurd to give the encouragement to Dr. Clarke's works which the University has always shewn to them, by reading lectures to the young scholars out of them and it was natural enough to suppose that a man, whom they had made a sort of deity of, would soon inspire his tenets into his admirers.

"I was told by Mr. L. of Trin. Coll. Nov. 2, 1771, that the Bishop of Ely, to his, Mr. L.'s great surprise, had given a Fellowship of this College, which presents two to the Bishop, wha

chuses one, to a young man who had taken orders, and now absolutely thrown them aside, and appears as a layman. Mr. L. told the Bishop of it, as a fact, that such a person would be presented; not as an allegation against him, as he is otherwise deserving. Mr. L. said if these things went on, adieu to all decency and regard to ordination. He said, a Fellow of Trinity of College, who was in orders, and had a Cure by a brother's death, came into the possession of a good estate, on which he immediately laid aside his gown, and appeared as a layman: some time after a good living in his own gift fell vacant; he then resumed his gown and cassock, and presented himself to the living. If things go on at the rate they seem to be driving, the Bishops themselves may soon be in danger, when it is too late to put them in order. He did not subscribe to the petition at Mr. Barker's chambers, giving a plausible but inconsistent reason: however, he was much applauded by some.

"In the London Chronicle for Dec, 10, 1771, is this article: "Cambridge, Dec. 6. A grace was this day offered by Mr. T—— for excusing gentlemen, who were candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Arts, from subscribing the 39 articles. The grace was unanimously rejected by the Caput, for the same reasons as before: That the University had no power of making so material a change; and that the times were not favourable to so great an undertaking, which required the slow and wise deliberations of the supreme Legislature, not the partial determination of a few academics.'"

"In the same Chronicle for December 12, 1771, is the following petition and article:

"Copy of a petition which is handed about the University of Cambridge, for relief in regard to subscription to the articles.

To the Caput, Regents, and non Regents of the University of Cambridge, the humble petition of certain Undergraduates in the said University, Sheweth,

That your petitioners apprehend themselves, in consequence of engagements entered into with the University at the time of their admission or matriculation, to be under an obligation of devoting their attention to that course of studies which is recommended to them by their superiors: That with this view they have employed

themselves in pursuit of natural and metaphysical knowledge; have laboured to improve themselves in moral philosophy, and to ac quaint themselves with the sentiments and language of those authors, who in their time were esteemed the greatest ornaments of Greece and Rome: That in consequence of this multiplicity of academical engagements, they have had neither the leisure nor the opportunity of enquiring into the abstruser points of theology: That they nevertheless find themselves under a necessity of declaring their unfeigned assent to a set of theological propositions, usually called the Thirty-nine Articles of Religion, apparently of high argument and great importance; or of subjecting themselves for their dissent, to much trouble, and no little expence. Your petitioners therefore entreat, if such indulgence can be granted unto them without infringement of the University statutes, that they may be released from the necessity of testifying their assent to the aforesaid propositions: or that such timely assistance may be afforded in their respective Colleges, as will enable your peti. tioners to satisfy their consciences in subscribing them.

And your petioners shall ever pray, &c.'

"It is said that a great personage [the King] has signified his disapprobation of the intentions of the ecclesiastical petitioners.

"I have put this petition here as a curiosity; not that I know whether Mr. Tyrwhit was concerned in it or not; but it looked with a bad aspect, when the Undergraduates were suffered to send a petition about two years ago to London to the Chancellor, just before his coming to Cambridge to be installed, in order to throw aside their round caps, and all to take square ones. The Chancellor was in a manner forced to acquiesce in their demand, as Wilkes was then in his meridian glory, and the Duke by his means as much in disgrace; so that it was thought advisable to gratify a swarm of wasps, who might and probably would otherwise have hissed and buzzed about him in the senate house; but this compliment gave it another turn, and his Grace was clapped by the galleries as much as he could desire.

"Friday, Oct. 29, 1773, on a mandamus degree of D. D. being to be conferred on Mr. Davies of King's College, lately elected head Master of Eton school, Mr. Tyrwhit, to make him

self taken notice of, put in his non placet: and Mr. Jebb and that set of people said, that it was meant as no particular mark of disrespect to Mr. Davies, but only to shew the world that there were people at Cambridge who disapproved of Mandamus Degrees.

"In the autumn of 1775, when an address to the King was voted by the University against the factious Americans, and their more blameable Fautors in the mother country, this person, who was one of the scrutators, and kept the key of the University chest, in which their seal was kept, refused to deliver it: the ostensible pretence was, that the Caput was not legally constituted, as Dr, Halifax, who was LL. D. had lately also procured a Mandamus for a D. D. degree, in order to qualify himself for the Headship of Catherine Hall, when it should fall, and therefore he was not properly the senior of the law faculty: yet the real motive was their inveterate hatred to order, and submission to Government. The Vice Chancellor, on his obstinacy, was forced to go with proper assistance and break the chest open to get at the key.

"I am told, for I don't know I ever saw him, that he is a puny, weakly man, constantly rides out for his health, on no occasion ever goes to chapel, and rarely sees any company, and never out in an evening: Mr. Jebb now and then drinks tea with him.

"In a warm book, full of misrepresentations, called Subscription, printed 1776, in favour of Arianism and the clerical petitioners, is this passage, p. 127, after giving instances of Abps, Wake and Secker endeavouring to keep things quiet.

'The Divines of Oxford, however, do not stand alone: those of Cambridge seem to participate of the same spirit of laying an undue restraint on religious liberty. In the year 1770, if I am rightly informed, Mr. Tyrwhit proposed to Dr. Rutherforth, the Professor of Divinity, the following questions for disputation:

1. The prayers of Christians are to be directed to God alone, the Father of Jesus Christ.

2. Those persons may be received into the Christian Church who acknowledge Jesus Christ to be the true Messiah, although they believe him to be not equal to God, or even no more than Man.

3. The Christian institution is not established by the sanction of eternal punishment.

4. No doctrine of Christian faith, delivered in the Scripture, is contrary to right reason.

The three first questions were refused by the Professor abso lutely; the fourth he declined to accept, until it had been approv ed of by the Vice Chancellor. When the fourth question was afterwards proposed to Dr. Richardson, Master of Emanuel, as Vice Chancellor, he answered, That he did not approve of it. This conduct also speaks too plainly for itself, to require any comment upon it.'

"In 1777 he resigned his Fellowship, upon the same principle that he had acted; and though Dr. Caryl had endeavoured to persuade him to the contrary, as his income was small, he could not prevail with him; and now lives as Fellow Commoner in the College, being a man of no expence."

3. Joseph Ames:

"My friend, Mr. Joseph Ames, Secretary to the Antiquarian Society and Fellow of the Royal Society, an ingenious person, and diligent in preserving every thing either in art or nature, that pertains to learning, curiosity, and antiquity. Stukeley's Caransius, p. 115.

"Typographical Antiquities: being an historical Account of

Printing in England: with some Memoirs of our ancient Printers, and a Register of the Books printed by them, from the year 1471 to 1600, with an Appendix concerning Printing in Scotland and Ireland to the same time. By Joseph Ames, F. R. S. and Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries, London. 4to. 1749. Inscribed to Philip Lord Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor. Preface and list of subscribers five leaves; index of thirteen leaves: book 589.

"I have written as follows on the back of the title-page-The author, Mr. Ames, I was well acquainted with, having been se