The Paniyas, an Ex-slave Tribe of South IndiaStudy on the social life of the Paniya tribe in Wayanad, Kerala. |
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Page 46
... employers , received advances which are called nippu - panam ( engagement money ) and placed their thumb - impressions on the agreement the contents of which none of them could read . The object of the employers in making the Paniyas ...
... employers , received advances which are called nippu - panam ( engagement money ) and placed their thumb - impressions on the agreement the contents of which none of them could read . The object of the employers in making the Paniyas ...
Page 47
... employers by mortgagting their labour for a twelve - month period seems worth the sacrifice of freedom to sell their labour in the free market : The employers who pay them advances are also taking a risk , but a calculated risk which ...
... employers by mortgagting their labour for a twelve - month period seems worth the sacrifice of freedom to sell their labour in the free market : The employers who pay them advances are also taking a risk , but a calculated risk which ...
Page 60
... employers of labour and they signed an agreement fixing the minimum wages of agricultural workers at 5 litres of paddy and Rs.1 for men and 4 litres of paddy and 50 paise for women which workers out in cash to about Rs.3.50 to Rs.4.50 ...
... employers of labour and they signed an agreement fixing the minimum wages of agricultural workers at 5 litres of paddy and Rs.1 for men and 4 litres of paddy and 50 paise for women which workers out in cash to about Rs.3.50 to Rs.4.50 ...
Common terms and phrases
able addressed agricultural ankam annual asked attali became become beginning better boys brother called castes century ceremony chemmi child Christian clear cloth coffee communities continued dance dead death deities early elders employers evil farm farmers father field four friends girl give given goddess gods Government hand head Hindu husband important India interest Kerala Kottayam Kurichiyas labour land later leaves less living look Malayalam marriage master means month mother Muslim Nanjan Nayar offerings paddy paid Paniyas party persons placed plains plantain police pollution present reference region rice ritual round rule serf shades shaman sister's slavery slaves songs spirit stop story temple trees tribal tribes usually wages wife woman women workers worship Wynad young