LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC NOTICES. PART VII, of Mr. Cooke's highly interesting work, "London and its Vicinity" has been published, and is fully equal to the other portion of the work previously published, among the contents will be found a View of the Suspension Bridge, lately opened at Hammersmith, from a drawing by Harding, making a very picturesque subject, and a view of the works of the New London Bridge, from a picture by Stanfield, also a Street View of Harrow on the Hill. This work though not so highly finished as the Coast Scenery, and Views up the Thames, by the same Artist, are deserving of the most extensive patronage, for the fidelity of the representations, and the neatness and spirit of their execution. In the press, in post 8vo. an Historical Antiquarian, and Picturesque account of Kirkstall Abbey. The work will be embellished with finished engravings, from Original Drawings, by W. Mulready and C. Cope. NATIONAL GALLERY.-The Marquis of Stafford has presented the fine painting in his possession, by Sir Peter Paul Rubens, to the National Gallery. The subject of this splendid picture is "The Allegory of Peace and War," it was formerly possessed by the unfortunate Charles the First, and for which he paid four thousand guineas. Such a magnificent present reflects the highest honour on the noble donor. Mr. Bakewell has nearly ready for publication a third edition of his introduction to Gealogy, greatly enlarged, embracing all the recent discoveries in Geology, together with numerous Geological observations, made by the author in various parts of the Continent, and in Great Britain, since the last edition was published. Messrs. Thomas and William Daniel R. A. have issued proposals for publishing a work under the patronage of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing the title of " Illustrations of India." The above artists, during a Ten Years residence in India, executed several thousand drawings illustrative of the Architecture, Antiquities, Costumes, Scenery, and Natural History of this part of Asia, the selection intended for publication will comprise about ninety Plates, in quarto, accompanied by descriptions in French and English. This work promises to be of a very interesting character. A small volume has just appeared, entitled, "A practical treatise on the Blow-pipe in chemical and mineral analysis, including a systematic arrangement of simple ininerals adapted to aid the student in his progress in minerology, by facilitating the names of species, by John Griffin, author of Chemical Recreations, (Glasgow). The work contains a great deal of useful matter, connected with chemical analysis and an historical sketch of the Blow-pipe, and the particular merits of the several constructions, to the last improvement by Gurney. Part V of the Views of Hanoverian and Saxon Scenery, from the drawings of Captain Batty, has been published in every way keeping up the high character of this eminently beautiful work. The Views contain the Dom Kirche, Lubeck a very interesting picture, the Oker, Thul Harz singularly picturesque, Quedlinburg and Waldeck, and the ruins of Hardenberg Castle are pleasing subjects the whole of which are engraved in the same masterly style, as the preceding efforts of the same artists, in the early numbers of this work. Dr. Olinthus Gregory has in the press memoirs of the life, writings, and character, literary, professional and religious, of the late John Mason Good, F. R.S. principal contributor to the Pantalogia, author of the memoirs of the life and writings of the Rev. Alexander Goddes, L. L. D. and translator of the book of Job from the Hebrew, &c. &c. the above will contain numerous selections from his unpublished papers. To GEORGE HENRY LYNE, of John Street, Blackfriars' Road, Machinist and Engineer, and THOMAS STAINFORD, of the Grove, Great Guildford Street, Southwark, Smith and Engineer, for their Invention of certain Improvements in Machinery for making Bricks [Sealed 23rd August, 1825.] THIS is a machine for making a considerable number of bricks at one operation. It consists in the first place, of a cylindrical pug-mill of the kind usually employed, with rotatory knives or cutters, for breaking up the clay, and mixing it with the other materials of which bricks are constituted Secondly, of two moveable moulds, in each of which fifteen bricks are to be made at once; these moulds being caused to travel to and fro in the machine, for the purpose of being alternately brought under the pug-mil to be filled with the clay, and then removed to situations where plungers are enabled to act upon them: Thirdly in a contrivance by which the plungers are made to descend, for the purpose of compressing the material, and discharging it from the moulds in the form of bricks: Fourthly, in the method of constructing and working trucks which carry the receiving boards, and conduct the bricks away after they are formed. Plate IX, fig. 1, exhibits the general construction of the apparatus, both ends of which being exactly similar, little more than half of the machine is represented; a, is the cylindrical pug-mill, shewn partly in section, which is supplied with the clay and other (materials from a hopper above; b, b, are the rotatory knives or cutters, which are attached to the vertical shaft, and being placed obliquely, press the clay down towards the bottom of the cylinder in the act of breaking and mixing it as the shaft revolves The lower part of the cylinder is open, and immediately under it the mould is placed in which the bricks are to be formed. These moulds run to and fro upon ledges in the side frames of the machine; one of the moulds can only be shewn by dots in the figure, the side rail intervening: they are situate at c, c, c, c, and are formed of bars of iron crossing each other, and encompassed with a frame. The mould resembles an ordinary sash window in its form, being divided into rectangular compartments, (fifteen in each is proposed) of the dimensions of the intended bricks, but sufficiently deep to allow of the material being considerably pressed in the mould, so as to leave it when discharged of the usual thickness of a common brick. The mould being open at top and bottom, the material is enabled to pass into it when situate exactly under the cylinder, and the lower side of the mould when so placed is to be closed by a flat board d, supported by the truck e, which is raised by a lever and roller beneath, running upon a plain rail with inclined ends. Lyne & Stainford's, for Impts, in making Bricks. 179 The central shaft f, is kept in continual rotatory motion by the revolution of the upper horizontal wheel g, of which it is the axis, and this wheel may be turned by a horse yoked to a radiating arm, or by any other means. A part of the periphery of the horizontal wheel g, has teeth, which are intended at certain periods of its revolution, to take into a toothed pinion, fixed on the top of a vertical shaft h, h. At the lower part of this vertical shaft, there is a pulley i, over which a chain is passed that is connected to the two moulds c, and to the frame in which the trucks are supported; by the rotation of the vertical shaft, the pulley winds a chain, and draws the moulds and truck frames along. The clay and other material having been forced down from the cylinder into the mould, the teeth of the horizontal wheel g, now comes into gear with the pinion on h, and turns it, and the shaft and pulley i, by which the chain is wound, and the mould at the right hand of the machine brought into the situation shewn in the figure a scraper or edge bar under the pug-mill having levelled the upper face of the clay in the mould, and the board d, supported by the truck e, formed the flat under side. The mould being brought into this situation, it is now necessary to compress the materials, which is done by the descent of the plungers k. A friction roller l, pendant from the under side of the horizontal wheel, as that wheel revolves, comes in contact with an inclined plane, at the top of the shaft of the plungers, and as the friction roller passes over this inclined plane, the plungers are made to descend into the mould, and to compress the material ; The resistance of the board d, beneath, causing the clay to be squeezed into a compact state. When this has been effectually accomplished, the further descent of the plungers brings a pin m, against the upper end of a quadrant catch lever n, and by depressing this quadrant causes the balance lever on which the truck is now supported, to rise at that end, and to allow the truck with the board d, to descend, as shewn by dots; the plungers at the same time forcing out the bricks from the mould, by means of which they are deposited upon the board d; when by drawing the truck forward out of the machine, the board with the bricks may be removed, and another board placed in the same situation. The truck may then be again introduced into the machine, ready to receive the next parcel of bricks. By the time that the discharge of the bricks from this mould has been effected, the other mould under the pug cylinder has become filled with the clay, when the teeth of the horizontal wheel coming round, takes into a pinion on the top of a vertical shaft, exactly similar to that at h, but at the reverse end of the machine, and causes the moulds, and the frame supporting the trucks to be slidden to the left end of the machine; the upper surface of the mould being scraped level in its progress in the way already described. This movement brings the friction wheel o, up the inclined plane, and thereby raises the truck with the board, to the under side of the mould, ready to receive another supply of clay, and the mould at the left hand of the machine being now in its proper situation, under its plungers, the clay becomes compressed, and the bricks discharged from the mould in the way described in the former instance; when this truck being drawn out, the bricks are removed to be dried, and baked, and another board is placed in the same situation. There are boxes p, on each side of the pug cylinder, containing sand, at the lower parts of which small sliders are to be opened, (by contrivances not shewn) as the mould passes under them, for the purpose of scattering |