Aug. T HEART, In anatomy, the member of the body from which the blood is propelled towards the extremities by means of the arteries, and towards which it is again brought back by the veins.

In a figurative sense it is deemed the seat of the affections, as the head is accounted the seat of the understanding. Hence a man of a sound heart, and weak head, is the same as a man of good dispositions and weak understanding. In this sense the word occurs frequently in all languages.

HIGH, adj. Exalted in a perpendicular direction at a distance from the surface of the earth; opposed to low.

I. HIGH is a term altogether indefinite, and is employed to express the degree of elevation of any inanimate body. Thus we say a high mountain, a high house, steeple, tower, pillar, &c. Nor is there any other word that can be here considered as exactly synonymous; lofty being only cmployed to denote a very eminent degree of elevation.

2. To exprefs the perpendicular elevation of vegetables, either high or tall may be employed, as being in this case nearly synonymous. We may therefore say a high or tall tree, a high or tall mast, &c. but with this difference between these two exprefsions, that tall can be more properly applied to those that are much elevated, and of small dimensions; and high to such as are more bulky and of greater size.

3. The perpendicular height of man can never be exprefsed by the word high; tall being here the proper exprefsion. And although high is sometimes used to exprefs the height of other animals, yet it seems to be an improper expression. See TALL.

4. HIGH, when applied to the human species, always refers to the mind, and denotes boughtiness, statelinefs, pride, &c. and when combined with the exprefsions of any ener

gy of the mind, it denotes that in a more eminent degree. In this sense it is opposed to meannefs, abjectnefs, and bu mility.

5. As this is an indefinite term, tending to denote any thing that is elevated above us, it may be combined with almost every noun which admits of this elevation. And as objects high above us are always out of our reach, in a figurative sense, it is used to denote any thing that seems to be above the ordinary condition of mankind; or those qualities or endowments of the mind which are not easily acquired as dignity or elevation of sentiment, dignity of rank, acuteness of reasoning on difficult subjects, pride, haughtiness, or any other quality which seems to be beyond the ordinary level of mankind; dearnefs of price, &c.

6. In the same manner we apply this term to time, which having a metaphorical resemblance to a river flowing on with an unceasing current, through all successive ages, any thing of remote antiquity is denoted by the term high.

7. Likewise those degrees of latitude far removed from the line, where the pole becomes more elevated.

8. And to some particular crimes as being attended by peculiar degrees of guilt, as high treason.

TALL, adj. Something elevated to a considerable degree in a perpendicular direction ; opposed to low.

1. This term is chiefly used to exprefs the height of man and other animals; and is employed to denote the height of the body only, without having any reference to the mind. When applied to man, no other word can be substituted in its stead: when applied to other animals, high is sometimes considered as nearly synonymous. See HIGH.

2. It is likewise employed to denote the perpendicular height of vegetables; and in this case it is nearly synonymous with high. See HIGH.

3. It can in no case be employed to exprefs the height of merely inanimate objects. We can never say a tall steeple, tower, or pillar, but a high steeple, tower, &c. For the distinctions in these cases, see HIGH.

LONG, adj. A relative term, denoting the distance between the extremes of any body, which is extended more in one of its geometrical dimensions than another: opposed to fhort.

This term may be applied to all inanimate objects whose dimensions in one way exceed the other, and when not in an erect posture, whatever be the other circumstances attending them; whether it relates to superficies alone, or to solid bodies, whether these be bounded or open, straight or crooked, flexible or rigid, or in any other circumstances whatever; thus we say a long or short lane, a long or fhort ridge, street, ditch, rope, chain, staff, &c. But it is to be observed, that although long is, in the strict sense, only opposed to fhort, yet, - as it expresses the extension of matter in one of its geometrical proportions, it is often contrasted by those words which exprefs the other dimensions, when we mean only to describe the several proportions; as a table long and broad. And as these several dimensions are exprefsed by different words, according to their various forms, modifications, and circumstances, in which the bodies are found, therefore it is in this sense contrasted by a great diversity of terms, as a long and broad or wide, narrow or strait street or lane; a long and thick, or small rope, chain, staff. For the distinctions in these cases, see BROAD, WIDE, &'c.

2. Objects necefsarily fixed in an erect position, can neyer have this term applied to them; and therefore we

r51 cannot say a long, but a high steeple or tower. And for the same reason, while trees are growing, and fixed in an erect position, we cannot apply this term to them; but when they are felled and laid upon the ground, it is quite proper and necessary. Thus we do not say a long, but a tall · or high tree, while it is growing; but we say a long, not a täll log of wood; and in the same manner we say a tall mast, when it is fixed in the fhip; but a long mast, while it lies upon the beach. See TALL and HIGH.

3. Those vegetables which are of a tender pliant nature, or so weak as not to be able to retain a fixed position, being considered as of a middle nature between erect and prostrate bodies, admit of either of the terms, long, tall, or high: as a long or tall rush, or willow wand; or a long tall, or high stalk of corn. See HIGH and TALL. › 4. The parts of vegetables when considered as distinct from the whole, even when growing and erect, assume the term long; for we do not say a tall, but a long foot of a tree; and a tree with a long stem; in preference to a tree with a high stem.

5. For the same reason, a staff and.pole, even when fixed in a perpendicular direction, afsume the word long in preference to tall or high.

6. With regard to animals, the general rule is applied without exception; tall, and not long, being employed to denote the height of the human body, when in an erect posture; long, and not tall, to denote its length, when in an incumbent situation. Long, applied to all other animals which do not walk erect, always denotes their greatest length, in an horizontal position, from head to tail.

7. In a figurative sense it denotes, with regard to time, any thing at a great distance from us.

8. As also any thing that takes up much time before it is finished; as a long discourse, or protracted note in „mu¬ sic,. &c.

Aug 1. BROAD adj. The distance between the two nearest sides of any body whose geometrical dimensions are larger in one direction than another. It has a reference to superficies only, and never to the solid contents: opposed to

nar row.

1. BROAD, in the strictest acceptation, is applied to denote those bodies only whose sides are altogether open and unconfined as a broad table, a broad wheel, &c. And in these cases it is invariably contrasted by the word narrow, nor is there any other word which can be considered as exactly synonymous with it.

2. When any object is in some sort bounded on the sides, although not quite closed up, as a road, street, ditch,

c. either broad or wide may be employed, but with some difference of signification; broad being most properly used for those which are more open, and wide for those which are more confined; nor can this term be ever applied eto such objects as are close bounded all around, as a house, a church, c. wide being here employed. For the more accurate distinctions in these cases, see the article WIDE. To be concluded in our next.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

THE verses by Gulliver are received. Though that species of composition is not favoured by, the Editor, these lines, on account of their execution, hall be admitted.

The paper of Agrestes is come to hand. Perhaps all the nine positions he afsumes might be granted without much affecting the argument, they might however be disputed,-this would open too wide a door for argument on a subject that would be little interesting to any persons but the .combatants themselves. On this account it is improper for our miscellany. It might, when finished, form a separate publication. If the paper wanted for this purpose it fhall be delivered when called for.

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The communication from G. R. H. is received; though the case cannot be as the writer considers, the fact stated is so singular and curious, that the paper fhall be inserted the first convenient opportunity.

Farther acknowledgements deferred for want of room.