Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk AssessmentGary M. Rand This text is divided into three parts. The first part describes basic toxicological concepts and methodologies used in aquatic toxicity testing, including the philosophies underlying testing strategies now required to meet and support regulatory standards. The second part of the book discusses various factors that affect transport, transformation, ultimate distribution, and accumulation of chemicals in the aquatic environment, along with the use of modelling to predict fate.; The final section of the book reviews types of effects or endpoints evaluated in field studies and the use of structure-activity relationships in aquatic toxicology to predict biological activity and physio-chemical properties of a chemical. This section also contains an extensive background of environmental legislation in the USA and within the European Community, and an introduction to hazard/risk assessment with case studies. |
Contents
CHAPTER | 3 |
The Aquatic Environment | 8 |
CHAPTER | 15 |
Factors that Affect the Environmental Concentration of Chemicals | 16 |
ExposureEffects | 19 |
Toxic Agents and Their Effects | 23 |
Toxicity Testing | 29 |
CHAPTER 11 | 43 |
Predictive Models and Experimental Approaches | 507 |
Conclusions and Future Directions | 515 |
Supplemental Reading | 521 |
Activated Oxygen Metabolism and Oxidative Stress | 538 |
Metal Metabolism and Toxicity | 545 |
Summary | 553 |
Supplemental Reading | 560 |
The Mass Balance Concept | 571 |
Interpreting Toxicity Test Data | 44 |
Biomonitoring | 54 |
Supplemental Reading | 66 |
Freshwater Toxicity Test Procedures | 72 |
General Procedures | 82 |
Factors that Modify Toxicity | 94 |
Saltwater Tests | 103 |
Developing Community Tests | 126 |
Vascular Plants | 148 |
Supplemental Reading | 169 |
Fucus | 183 |
Discussion | 201 |
XV | 213 |
FETAX Positive and Negative Controls | 214 |
FETAX Methodology | 215 |
Validation Study Results | 228 |
Interpretation and Significance of Results | 243 |
CHAPTER 9 | 257 |
Conclusions | 295 |
Considerations for Designing Experiments | 308 |
Nonparametric Techniques | 328 |
Appendices | 341 |
Good Laboratory Practices | 345 |
QAQC Program Designs | 360 |
Fish ImmunologyDefensive Responses | 374 |
28 | 390 |
ImmunotoxicologyEffects of Classes of Toxicants | 391 |
34 | 401 |
Supplemental Reading | 404 |
Summary | 417 |
57 | 418 |
Considerations in the Design of Carcinogenicity Tests Using Small Fish | 431 |
66 | 442 |
Supplemental Reading | 446 |
Transport and Transformation Processes | 449 |
FREE 86 | 453 |
94 | 466 |
Inorganic Chemicals | 471 |
97 | 483 |
Organometallics | 487 |
CHAPTER 16 | 493 |
An Illustrative OneCompartment Case Study | 580 |
Supplemental Reading | 586 |
Functional End Points | 589 |
Screening Functional End Points for Assessment and Monitoring | 599 |
Supplemental Reading | 607 |
Historical Background | 613 |
Use of QSAR Models for Estimation of Physicochemical and Biological Properties Exposure Assessment | 624 |
Use of QSAR Models for Ecotoxicity Effects Assessment | 630 |
Summary of QSAR Models for Ecotoxicity | 642 |
Environmental Legislation | 657 |
Risk Assessment under FIFRA | 663 |
CHAPTER 22 | 669 |
The Chemical Industrys Development of Aquatic Toxicity Bioconcentration and Chemical | 680 |
Literature Cited | 698 |
Ecotoxicity Testing and Estimation Methods Developed under Section 5 of the Toxic | 703 |
QSAR Development | 709 |
CHAPTER 24 | 717 |
Emerging Activities | 731 |
Pertinent NEPA Legal Issues | 742 |
Literature Cited | 762 |
Other OECD Chemicals Programme Activities | 769 |
CHAPTER 27 | 775 |
Structure of the European Community with Regard to Environmental Legislation | 782 |
Environmental Legislation in View of the Basic Principles of Environmental Impact Assessment | 792 |
Outlook | 801 |
Quantitative Methods of Risk Characterization | 813 |
Planning the Assessment | 823 |
Risk Assessment Approach | 837 |
Literature Cited | 855 |
Terminology | 864 |
Risk Assessment | 870 |
Summary | 880 |
Exposure Assessment | 894 |
Risk Evaluation | 900 |
The Toxicity Identification Evaluation Process | 918 |
Sediments | 931 |
Glossary | 939 |
Appendix | 947 |
| 1083 | |
Other editions - View all
Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk ... Gary M. Rand Limited preview - 1995 |
Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk ... Gary M. Rand Limited preview - 1995 |
Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk ... Gary M. Rand Limited preview - 2020 |
Common terms and phrases
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