Turbulence in the OceanFour years have elapsed since the preparation of the original Russian version of this book. This is a long time when dealing with such actively expanding fields of oceanography as research into small-scale structures and the investigation of hydro physical processes. Over this period new quick-response devices have been developed and successfully used for measurements taken in various ocean areas. Improvements in high-frequency meters used to measure hydrophysical parameters has enabled workers to obtain more accurate absolute values of the fluctuations measured by such devices. In view of this scientific progress, some of the ideas presented in this book now require additional explanation. Great care should be used in dealing with the absolute fluctuation values of hydro physical fields, since the methods used for the determination of the accuracy of the high-frequency measuring devices have been imperfect in the past. Never theless, it would appear that the results of the investigations summarized in this book have not lost their importance, and that the established laws governing small-scale pro cesses in the ocean are of a sufficiently universal nature and, as such, have not been shattered with the qualitative and quantitative advances in devices used for measurements taken in oceans. The authors feel that their work is of interest to English-speaking readers. The appearance of the English translation of the book is, to a very large extent, due to the tremendous amount of editing work brilliantly done by Prof. H. Tennekes. |
Contents
THEORY OF TURBULENCE IN STRATIFIED FLOWS | 1 |
Equations of Turbulent Flow | 13 |
Theory of Turbulence Spectra | 51 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
amplitude approximately Atlantic Ocean Beliayev Brunt-Väisälä frequency buoyancy buoyancy forces calculated constant convection correlation functions corresponding curve data obtained decrease depth determined diffusion dissipation rate Dmitriy Mendeleyev eddy electrical conductivity fluctuations energy dissipation enstrophy equations estimated ET(k expedition Figure flow velocity fluid flux frequency Hence high-frequency horizontal hydrodynamic hydrophysical increase inertial range inertial-convective range inhomogeneities instability Institute of Oceanology internal waves k₁ kinetic energy large-scale turbulence layer mean flow measurements microstructure Monin motion observed ocean turbulence Oceanology Ozmidov Pacific Ocean parameters plotted polygon probability density probability distribution probing random Reynolds number Richardson number Rossby Rossby waves salinity sensors slope small-scale turbulence spatial spectra spectral density spectrum statistical characteristics stratification structure functions surface temperature and salinity temperature field temperature fluctuations temperature gradient thermocline tion towing turbulent energy values variables velocity components velocity fluctuations viscosity wavenumber әт