during his stay here. In his excursions to search "summut to'ard th' bun-fire hole." It was a for ancient inscriptions, he was accompanied by general rule for each house to contribute either our own learned fellow - countryman, Giuseppe a few pence or something to burn. If the houses Pallante, who, by his antiquarian writings and refused to give, whatever was handy, and suitresearches, has opened up Benevent to the scien- able for the fire, would certainly be taken. A tific world. From this place Mommsen pro- rhyme was shouted at every house, which plainly ceeded to Lucera, where he was welcomed with intimated what the custodians of the guy would still greater ceremony and honours, and the band do if contributions did not flow in on request. of the National Guard performed a piece of Thus the rhyme:German music at his approach. From Lucera he went on to Canosa and Venosa, in both of which towns he was received by the magistracy and principal inhabitants, who overloaded him with honours and invited him to a banquet in the town-hall. To-day he took leave of Signors Petra and Salazaro, the inspectors of our National Museum, who frequently accompanied him in his wanderings, and has just left this place for Ancona and Bologna on his return to Germany." The valuable library of the lately deceased Dr. Lotich, who lived ten years (from 1820 to 1830) in Italy-partly as tutor in the family of Prince Baciocchi-Bonaparte at Bologna-was recently sold by auction at Herolz, near Schluchtern, in the former electorate of Hesse-Cassel. The collection was partly a legacy of the late prince, and partly purchased by Dr. Lotich at Florence, Rome, and Bologna. It contained about 4,000 volumes. F.S. Divers Notes. THE FIFTH OF NOVEMBER."-One other of the customs with which our fathers were wont to indulge themselves once a year, is dying out -has been dying for the last twenty years. Here and there the fun is still kept alive, but the places are few and far between. Twenty years ago, the Fifth of November was looked forward to as an event which must be very much honoured, not by school-boys only, who honour most things after their fashion, but by "old boys," too. I have lively remembrances how this custom was enacted in some two or three Derbyshire villages. For weeks previously the youngsters hoarded up the halfpence, to be, when the time came, invested in small brass cannon, powder, squibs, crackers, and what not. A few days before the Fifth, the effigy of "Guy Fox" was made up. Very villainous-looking was he made, the whole resources of boy-art being brought into requisition to effect that end. On the morning of that day, the effigy was carried round the district, seated in, and tied to a chair; from one hand dangled the traditional lantern. A cart and horse accompanied the guy, when practicable, to carry away the heavy contributions, such as lumps of coal and logs of wood, for every house was solicited to give "Remember, remember, For King George's sake- Or else wey'll steal!" A few pence, however, or sticks to burn, always satisfied the leviers of "black mail." At nightfall the fire was lighted, and the fun commenced, when everyone got his taste of glory, and that curious craving after the smell of burnt powder was fully satisfied, providing the funds held out. LONG AGO may perhaps care to preserve a few of the Fifth of November rhymes as they are known in some Midland Counties. This is from Clifton, in Nottinghamshire: "Please to remember The Fifth of November! Old Guy Faux And Gunpowder Plot Shall never be forgot, While Nottingham Castle. The Northamptonshire version is:- I know no reason Should ever be forgot! But, by God's providence, him they catch, But the palm rests, I think, with a rhyme I got "Remember, remember, The Fifth o' November! We're going to blow the parliament up! By God's mercy we wase catcht, With a dark lantern an' lighted matcht!" It was a treat to hear the old man repeat his rhyme, and when it was read over to him, to ensure a correct version, he chuckled, and said, "Yis, that wase it." THOMAS RATCLIFFE. Worksop. "EVERY THING COMES TO HIM WHO WAITS." -I shall be glad to know how far back in the world's history this proverb can be traced? I have read somewhere of this form of the proverb being called, "The Napoleonic Fiction," but I do not think the origin of it was ascribed to the first Napoleon. I have met with another wording of the same:-"The world, and all that it contains, comes to him who knows how to wait." Does not the proverb come to us from the East? THOMAS RATCLIFFE. THE PILLORY (vol. i., p. 264).—I send you a sketch of a pillory at Coleshill, in Warwickshire, which I made in 1864, during the Warwick meeting of the Archæological Institute, when we learnt that it had been used for a case of assault and drunkenness, as lately as within fifteen years. At p. 194 of "Nasmith's Itineraria Symonis Simeonis et Willelmi de Worcestre," Occurs this curious description of the Bristol pillory, which from all we know of the character of the mediæval tradespeople there, must have been a rather popular machine. "Domus justicia et officii collistrigii scita Circa medium de Wynch strete (Wine-street), Coram finemviæ de Pittey-yate est rotundum, constructum de constructum ad collistrendum infames homines deliquentes in pistura, quarum tortarum etcæt.” EDWARD W. GODWIN. [Mr. J. Tom Burgess, the well-known Midland Archæologist, also sketched this pillory for us as he saw it still standing, a month or two ago.— Editor LONG AGO.] WEATHER SIGNS.-There are many local weather signs and proverbs in Lancashire; if a cat be unclaws, stormy weather is approaching. The same usually frisky, or if it tear the carpet, &c., with its if swallows fly low or sea-birds fly inland, hence the Northumbrian children's rhyme :"Sea gull, sea gull, sit on the sand, It's never fair weather when you come to land." A halo round the moon betokens rain, so do the streaks of light often seen when the sun shines through broken clouds. These are supposed to be pipes reaching into the sea, and drawing the water into the clouds. In Suffolk it is a sign of fair weather if the new moon's horns be turned upward, as it is thus supposed to retain the water which would run out if the horns were turned down. And though Sir Patrick Spens predicted "a deadly storm " because he saw, "The new moon late yestreen, Wi'the auld moon in her arms," that is here thought a sign of fair weather. Saturday's moon is unlucky, "Come when it will it comes too soon, If a Saturday's moon Come once in seven years it comes too soon." In Northumberland, "If it rain on a Sunday before mass, A 'T will rain all the week more or less." There are many other proverbs concerning the weather, but I will now only quote one more-for the new year :— "If New-year's eve night wind blow south, It betokeneth warmth and growth; If west, much milk, and fish in the sea; MIDDLETON. PARALLEL PASSAGES.-(1.) The policy of three rulers of this kingdom, who have obtained their power by the sword, has been described by three different historians in almost the same words : William the Conqueror "permitted no rapine but his own." Hallam's "Europe during Middle Ages," Murray's reprint, p. 527. opere frestone decenter, tam amplitudinis quam altitudinis, cum cameris ac fenestris cum barris de ferro artificiose compactis, continet in spacio cir- Henry VII. "became in reality the sole oppressor cuitus domus dicti officii * * * (an unfortu- in his kingdom." Hume. nate blank) Gressus. Et de super domus collistrigii Cromwell" suffered none but himself to wrong est instrumentum de arboribus opere carpentarii | his country." Macaulay, vol. i., p. 66. 340 AGO. He NAPOLEON IN LONDON, 1793.-One of the in(2.) Cromwell and Napoleon.-Though these two wonderful men exhibited such talent in their teresting periods in the life of Napoleon was that careers, I should award the palm to the former, of his quarrel with General Paoli in 1792. from the fact that he did not let his ambition over- was then about twenty-three years old, and was step his power. It is strange that both Hume and disgusted with Paoli's negotiations with England. Macaulay prognosticate that success to Cromwell, History tells us but little of Napoleon's movements if he had lived, which never attended Napoleon. between that time, and his return to the south, Hume says, "He was resolved to concert measures where he took part in the Siege of Toulon under with the French Court for the final conquest and General Cartaux, a Commander of the Artillery; partition of the Low Countries. Had he lived much but it is evident that he had left Paris disgusted longer, so chimerical, or rather so dangerous a pro- with the progress of the Restoration, and that he ject would certainly have been carried into execu- left Corsica equally displeased with the proceedings It has been stated that at this period he tion," and Macaulay (Hist., vol. i., p. 67), "There there. was nothing which Cromwell had, for his own sake visited England. The following is from Van Ess' "Life of Napoleon," London, 1806, vol. ii. "We and that of his family, so much reason to desire as a general religious war in Europe. In such a war he can, however, declare that Buonaparte was in Engmust have been the captain of the Protestant land, but the object of his appearance here is not armies. The heart of England would have been known. He lodged at a house in the Adelphi, in with him. Unhappily for him he had no oppor- the Strand, and remained in London but a short tunity of displaying his admirable military talents, time. This information was obtained from General except against the inhabitants of the British Isles." Miranda personally, who says he visited him in Surely this should be added to that interesting England at the time. This was probably in the chapter of the "Curiosities of Literature," which middle of the year 1793-prior to the Siege of treats "of a history of events which have not Toulon." In after years Napoleon seems to have G. LAWRENCE GOMME. been little disposed to refer to this period of his happened." 4, Roseford Gardens, Shepherd's-bush Common. life, and rather anxious to conceal some of his It would probably be difficult to prove CAPTAIN COOK.-A fact, I believe, unrecorded actions. elsewhere, may be worthy of preservation in LONG that he did not then pay a brief visit to England; Captain Cook's last residence was at the but it would be interesting to know if there is any further evidence to show that he did then come to house, No. 84, Mile End-road (at that time No. 5, Assembly-row), where he planted a grape vine, London, and lodge in the Adelphi; if he did, now dead, but an offshoot of which still survives there is probably also some record to be found of on the next house westward (No. 82). This infor- the object of his visit, and whom he came to see. mation comes from the owner of the property, whose grandfather (then Captain Cook's landlord), accompanied him as far as Gravesend on his departure for the voyage which was to end in the (vol. i., p. tragedy of Otaheite. VIRGIL: LAUDERDALE'S TRANSLATION.-Lord 276.)-May I ask Mr. Bran if he means that Lauderdale's translation of Virgil, which was lent "awen" the end of water? Surely "awen" in MSS. to Dryden, and was confessedly made use is closely connected with "Owen," avon, amnis, of by him in his translation, was published after ambain (Irish), and many other words meaning "Owen " has been reboth were dead. Lauderdale died in 1695, and.. a river." The name Dryden in 1701. Lauderdale's Virgil was pub- ferred to this source in Notes and Queries, 4th s. Ac-x., xi. For "Avon," see "Earle's Philology of lished twice, and each time without any date. cording to Lowndes the date of the first edition the English Tongues. v., "Joyce's Irish It ap- Names of Places," will, I think, be of use also. was 1718, and that of the second 1730. H. S. SKIPTON. pears probable that both of these dates are incor"DAL" rect. At the end of the earliest edition, there is an advertisement of the tragedy of "Appius and Virginia," by Dennis, as being then in the press, and this, I believe, was published in 1709. Again, at the end of the second edition, said by Lowndes to have been published in 1730, there is an advertisement of the 4th edition of Pope's "Rape of the Lock;" this would indicate a year at least twelve years prior to the date assigned, as the 5th edition of the "Rape" was published in 1718. ORIENTAL. EDWARD SOLLY. Replies. EDWARD SOLLY. "THE PHOENICIANS IN BRITAIN "NORTH THOMOND," pp. (vol. i., 279, 229)-I was mightily interested with one word that turned up in Mr. Fitzgerald's animadversions on Mr. J. Tom Burgess. Dal in DalCais has many relations in other languages. It is connected with the Latin dolo, which means "to hew or cut with an axe." He uses it seems to be in Cato's "Res Rustica," "The Complete Farmer" of the Romans. Its earliest use with reference to "materium "* (31) and "taleos" may be said to be cognate, if you hold that view, (45). We should notice it in the sense of but one cannot be derived from the other. One "roughly hewn" in Propertius, iv., 2, 59., where a figure of Vertumnus says:"Stipes acernus eram, properanti falce dolatus." "I was a maple stock roughly hewn with the axe in haste." might as well say "haulm" is derived from calamus, or "drill" from tero, and "wine" and "wark" in bul-wark from vinum and pкos. Such errors of philology have been exploded years ago. Mr. Tew also errs in saying that yn “beAlso a better known example of the word in a than yn, which is itself a contraction of yéɑ, and, comes yew in composition." yew is an older form figurative sense in Horace," Sat." i., 5, 23: " Ac of course, later than it. yea is a very old form, mulæ nautæque caput lumbosque saligno Fuste and found in Herodotus, iv. 198. There seem dolat." The "bargee" (nauta piger) lets the mule to have been two collateral stems, yew and yeɑ. go loose, moors the canal boat to a stone, and The nominative of yew, would thus have been goes to sleep. At length a peppery (cerebrosus) γεως. It has wholly died out except in composipassenger leaps ashore and soundly cudgels tion where it often appears. For similar cases (fuste dolat), both the mule and the bargee. of words with two stems, we may instance képas, From this word comes dolabrum=dola-bra, an stems, I, κερατ; 2, κερας. δόρυ, stems I. δορατ; instrument for hewing and hacking." The ter- 2. dop. fecus, stems, 1, Fecor; 2, Fecinor. Domination bra or brum = "an instrument," is mus, stems, domu, domo. Requies, stems, requiet, common enough, e.g., cri-brum, fla-brum, tererequie; and others like them. Yn appears in brum, or bra, "a borer or drill." Dolabrum is composition as y, e.g., that notable word, ynyevńs. regularly used of a kind of axe or pickaxe, used in assaults on a town (Cf. Tacitus' "Hist.," iii., 20,) or entrenching a camp. Juvenal, viii., 248: 66 66 Exeter College, Oxford. H. S. SKIPTON. GERMAN (vol. i., p. 276).-There is a most curious derivation suggested in Church and "Si lentus pigra muniret castra dolabra." Brodribb's "Agricola " and " Germania " Tacitus (Macmillan. 1873. 12mo.) "The newest view of We will also compare the Sanskrit, dal, "to the original signification of the name 'German,' is cleave," whence dala, a part, Lithuanian dalis, that it means 'one who shouts' (from a Celtic Erse dail, Gothic dails, German theil. I would word, gair), and like the Greek Bony ayatos, denotes suggest that the original idea of dal is either a warrior," "Germania," 2 fin. One would think "a piece of land cut off," "a strip of territory," this etymology was inspired by the universal or a "share of land,” an an allotment," so to panic of the Franco-Prussian war. There is a speak. Does not "darliom," then, mean literally word in Latin, gannio, "to chatter," "prate folly," a carver, buffetier, one who stands at the side- to which this "gair"* bears a suspicious likeboard (buffet) and carves the chine? This is the ness, and which might, perhaps, be aptly used Homeric darpòs exactly, which is derived from with reference to the above derivation. It is daiw, to cut up meat, deal out fair portions of needless to refer to Dr. Brewer's work, for the food, with which compare dais,t daps, all probably etymology of German is so well known as to be connected with dal. Does not dailim, then, the property of everyone. Gher or gher is, I bemean "I cut up into portions" (literally or figu-lieve, a Celtic word for war, and of course conratively), "I portion out"? Deal, in the phrase nected with guerre and "war." H. S. SKIPTON. "to deal cards," comes very near this sense. I am surprised that Mr. Fitzgerald has made no reference to Joyce's "Irish Names of Places," a most valuable book. H. S. SKIPTON. THE EPITAPH OF MARGARET (sic) SCOTT (vol. i., PP. 246, 310.)—Either Mr. W. Andrews is in error or my book, in which another very different version of the same epitaph is given, is wrong. My book THE TERM YEOMAN (vol. i., pp. 249, 280).—is entitled, "Curiosities for the Ingenious," published Is Mr. Tew aware that the connection of yn in 1821, by Thomas Boys, (then of) Ludgate-hill, yew, with yeoman would be a violation of Grimm's London. The hic jacet is entitled, "Historical Law? Cognate words in Greek and English Epitaph of Mary Scott, who was buried near the would begin with y and k respectively. Sometimes church of Dunkeld, in 1728, for whom the followa ch represents the y, as in yévos, English chin, Irish ing singular epitaph was composed, but never gên. So also yévos, kin; yóvv, knee. To say that engraved on her tombstone, though it has been yeo is derived from is of necessity wrong. They frequently mentioned as copied from it." On com* I have not the text by me, but would like to know if paring the two versions it will be seen that the folmateries here means "wood, timber," for, if it does, I can lowing lines differ materially from those on p. 246. bring out an interesting point. "Liddell and Scott's Lexicon," .v., and Tauías, "a steward," from Téμvw, ib. "Gair" has many relations, e.g., ynpów, cry; Sanskrit, gir; Old High German, kirra, "HISTORICAL EPITAPH. "Stop, passenger, until my life you read ; And twice the cloak did sink beneath the gown. I saw the Stuart race thrust out-nay more, FLY-LEAF SCRIBBLINGS (vol. i., p. 278).-I trust that the example set by my worthy friend, "M. D.," will be followed by other contributors to the pages of LONG AGO, and thereby many a quaint scrap of fly-leaf literature made public. Long ago it was the fashion to scribble rhymes in books respecting the ownership of the tome, and the general character of such productions may be gathered from the subjoined specimens. The first is copied from a fly-leaf in Peter Gassendi's "Institutio Astronomica," London, 1675: "Benjamin Howton his book; The Lord in heaven on him look, The three next stanzas were inscribed in books 66 Betsy Stillman is my name, And England is my nation, A rope is another; Neither in Christian name, nor in date of burial, nor in age, do the two versions agree. And Mr. Pengelly gives Dalkeith (not Dunkeld), as the place of burial of one Margaret Scott. Mr. Andrews' version makes the old lady twenty-five years a virgin, fifty years a wife, and fifty years a widow; mine, twenty-five years unwedded, only twenty-five years a wife, and fifty years a widow. If her age The latter admonition must have been penned were 125 when she died, your correspondent's version seems the more correct, as his makes her when stealing in a dwelling-house was counted such an ultra-centenarian. I fear, however, Mr. a capital offence. Thoms would be sceptical of the ultra, and even the centenarianism. FREDK. RULE. For fear of the other." I know not the time nor authorship of the following morceau, which is the neatest thing of its kind that I have yet met with on a fly "MY BOOK. "If thou art borrowed by a friend, MANORIAL CUSTOM (vol. i., p. 310). In look-leaf:ing through one of our Magazines, I find the following, copied from Cook's "Topographical Description of Rutlandshire":"A remarkable custom has prevailed in this town (Oakham) from the most ancient times, and is still continued, that every peer of the realm, the first time he came through this city, must give a horseshoe to the Lord of the castle and manor; and, in case of refusal, the bailiff is authorised to stop his carriage, and take a shoe from one of his horses' feet. This, however, is usually prevented by a pecuninary compliment, when a shoe is made and ornamented in proportion to the gift, after which it is nailed on the door of the castle hall. Some shoes are of curious workmanship, and they are generally with the name of the donors; others are made very large, and some of them are gilt. This custom is doubtless derived from the De Ferrars, the ancient lords of the town, whose arms were three horseshoes and whose name imports workers in iron.'" West Deyne, Uppingham. MAXWELL WALKER. H. SYER CUMING. JAMES NAYLER, THE MAD QUAKER (vol. i., p. 310). All the information I can find on this query is the following notice in Neal's "History of the Puritans" (vol. iv., p. 143, 8mo., 1822). "After the Protector's death, James Nayler was released out of prison, and wrote several things in defence of the Quakers, who owned him as a friend, notwithstanding his extravagant behaviour; but he did not long survive his enlargement, for retiring into Huntingdonshire, |