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CHAP. posing the fanaticism and false pretensions of the forLXXI. mer parliamentary party, was prodigious. The King himself had so good a taste, as to be highly pleased 1689. with the merit of the work, and had even got a great

part of it by heart: Yet was he either so careless in his temper, or so little endowed with the virtue of liberality, or, more properly speaking, of gratitude, that he allowed the author, a man of virtue and probity, to live in obscurity, and die in want. Dryden is an instance of a negligence of the same kind. His Absalom sensibly contributed to the victory which the Tories obtained over the Whigs, after the exclusion of parliaments: Yet could not this merit, aided by his great genius, procure him an establishment which might exempt him from the necessity of writing for bread. Otway, though a professed royalist, could not even procure bread by his writings; and .he had the singular fate of dying literally of hunger. These incidents throw a great stain on the memory of Charles, who had discernment, loved genius, was liberal of money, but attained not the praise of true generosity.

Butler died in 1680, aged 68.

GENERAL INDEX.

N.B. The Roman Numerals direct to the Volume, and
the Figures to the Page.

A

ABBEY LANDS, the immediate inconveniencies resulting from their
alienation into lay-hands at the Reformation, iv. 327.

Abbeys, their rich revenues, iv. 184. The hospitality exercised by them,
ib. See Monasteries.

Abbot, Archbishop, is suspended and confined, for refusing to license
Sibthorp's sermon on general loans, vi. 226. Is employed by the
Lords, to moderate the pretensions of the Commons, in the petition
of right, 251.

Abbots, are excluded from their seats in the House of Lords, iv.
205.
See Monasteries.
Abhorrers and petitioners, an account of the origin of those party dis-
tinctions, viii. 126. The former persecuted, and the latter counte-
nanced, by the House of Commons, 129.

Acadie is yielded to the French by the treaty of Breda, vii. 423.
Acca, daughter of Ælla King of Deira, is married to Ethelfred King of
Bernicia, i. 26.

Acre, a city in Palestine, besieged by the Christians, ii. 13. Taken by
the assistance of Richard I. of England, and Philip of France, 15.
The garrison butchered, 22.

Adela, daughter of King William the Conqueror, her issue, shewing the
foundation of King Stephen's pretensions, i. 350.

Adelfrid, King of Bernicia, establishes the kingdom of Northumberland,
i. 26. 40. Great slaughter of British monks by, 41. Destroys the
vast monastery of Bangor, ib. Defeated and killed by Redwal, King
of the East Angles, 42.

Adjournment of parliament, distinction between that by the King, and
the House of Commons by themselves, vi. 275, note.

Admiral, Lord High, an account of those who filled that post during the
reign of James I. vi. 156. Those in the reign of Charles I. vii. 153.
Adrian, Emperor, builds his famous rampart between Britain and Cale
donia, i. 10. Completed by Severus, ib.

Adrian III. an English Pope, his motives for making a grant of Ireland
to Henry II. of England, i. 426.

Adrian VL Pope, his conduct toward the Reformers, iv. 39. Dies,
48.

Z 2

Adultery,

Adultery, the legal composition for, among our Saxon ancestors,

i. 220.

Ella, a Saxon, defeats the Britons, and settles in Sussex, i. 22. See
Sussex.

another Saxon of that name, is made King of Deira, i. 26.
Etius, why unable to listen to the embassy of the Britons for assistance,
i. 14.
Agitators, or representatives of the army, in the military parliament,
chosen, vii. 87. Send Cornet Joyce to seize the King from Holdenby,
88. Their meetings forbid by Cromwel, 109. Disorders committed
by them, 166. Are suppressed by the generals, 167.

Agnes Sorrel, mistress of Charles VII., assists the Queen in recovering
him from his dejection on the siege of Orleans, iii. 141.

Agricola, Julius, finally subdues the Britons, as far as Caledonia, i. 9.
How he secures their subjection, ib. His civil institutions, ib.
Agriculture, evidence of the bad state of, in the time of Henry VIII.,
iv. 278. State of, during the reign of James I., vi. 188.
Aix la Chapelle, treaty of, in result of the triple alliance, vii. 437.
Alasco, John, a Polish Nobleman, being expelled, turns protestant
preacher, and takes refuge with his congregation in England, iv. 347.
Is protected by the council, ib. Is forced to leave England at the
accession of Queen Mary, 378.

Albano, the Pope's legate, excommunicates Prince Richard, son of
Henry II., for rebelling against his father, i. 460.

Albany, Duke of, brother to Robert III. King of Scotland, assumes the
administration, iii. 75. Enjoys the regal power by the death of his
brother and the captivity of his nephew, ib. Sends forces to the
Dauphin of France, who defeat and kill the Duke of Clarence, 114.
Dies, 128. Character of his son Murdac, ib.

-, Duke of, is invited over by the influence of the Lord Hume, to ac-
cept the regency of Scotland, iv. 6. The state of the kingdom as it
appeared to him at his arrival, ib. Is prejudiced against Hume by the
enemies of that nobleman, 7. The young King carried off by his
mother, ib. Lord Hume makes war against him, and is put to death
by him, 8. Goes over to France, ib. Returns to Scotland, 42.
Concludes a truce with the English, and returns to France, 43. Comes
back, but his operations against England disconcerted, 45. Leaves
Scotland finally, ib.

Albemarle, Earl of, foments a rebellion of the Barons against Henry III.,
ii. 153. Loses Rockingham castle, but gains Fotheringay, and others,
ib. Is excommunicated by Pandolf the legate, ib. Submits, and is
pardoned, 154.

General Monk, created Duke of, vii. 350. Procures the con-
demnation of Argyle, 368. Engages the Dutch Admiral for four
days, 410. His death and character, 467, note.

Albert and Theodin appointed legates to inquire into the murder of
Thomas à Becket, i. 431. Their accommodation with Henry II. on
the account of it, 432. Absolve him, 433.

Albigenses, who they were, ii. 66. A crusade against them published
by Pope Innocent III., ib. Exterminated, 67.

Albiney,

Albiney, William de, defends the castle of Rochester for the Barons
against King John, ii. 93. Is obliged to surrender, ib.

Alcuin, a clergyman, sent by Offa, King of Mercia, to the Emperor
Charlemagne, and becomes his preceptor in the sciences, i. 50.

Alderman and Earl, synonimous terms in the Saxon laws and annals,
i. 576.

Aldred, Archbishop of York, crowns King Harold, i. 179. Crowns
William the Conqueror, 236. Dies in grief, 257.

Ale, its price in the reign of Henry III., ii. 224.

Alençon, besieged by John King of England, ii. 50. The siege raised
by the address of Philip of France, 51.

Duke of, created Duke of Anjou, v. 239.

Alexander II., Pope, his motives for declaring in favour of the Norman
invasion, i. 185. 256. Sends Ermenfroy legate to William the Con-
queror, ib.

-III., Pope, driven from Rome, by the Antipope Victor IV., 381.
Abject honours paid to, by the Kings of France and England, ib.
Annuls the constitutions of Clarendon, 396. Deceives the intentions
of Henry II. in the grant of a legantine commission, ib. His honour-
able reception of Archbishop Becket, and cool behaviour to Henry's
embassy, 403. Attempts by his nuncios to reconcile them, 410. Ap-
peased by Henry's submissions on the occasion of Becket's murder,
420. Canonizes Becket, 421. Issues bulls at Henry's desire against
his sons, 437.

IV., Pope, publishes a crusade against Sicily, ii. 173. His levies
on the English clergy to carry it on, ib. Threatens the kingdom with
an interdict for non-payment of his demand, 174.

VI., Pope, sends a nuncio to engage Henry VII. of England in
a crusade against the Turks, iii. 384.

III. King of Scotland, espouses the sister of Edward I. of Eng-
land, ii. 245. His death, ib.

Alexis Comnenus, Emperor of Greece, his policy to get rid of the cru-
saders, i. 309.

Alford, encounter there, between Montrose and Baillie, vii. 51.
Alfred, accompanies his father Ethelwolf in his pilgrimage to Rome,
i. 171. Assists his brother King Ethelredagainst the Danes, 74. Suc-
ceeds him to the crown, 76. Is anointed at Rome by Pope Leo III.,
ib. Progress of his education, 77. Is worsted by the Danes, ib.
Fights several battles with them, 79. Forced to relinquish his domi-
nions in the disguise of a peasant, 80. Anecdote of him during this
concealment, ib. Collects some retainers in a secret retreat, ib. Sal-
lies and routs the Danes, 81. Enters their camp disguised like a har-
per, 82. Defeats them again and admits them to settle, 83. His civil
institutions, 84. 91. Forms a naval force, 85. Routs Hastings the
Dane, 87. Routs Sigefert the Northumbrian pirate, 89. His cha-
racter, 90. State of the nation at the defeat of the Danes, 91. Di-
vides England into districts for the easy execution of justice, 92. The
modes of justice established by him, ib. Appoints juries for judicial
decisions, 93. His regard for the liberties of his people, 96. His
care for the advancement of learning, ib. His economy of his
time, 97. How he inculcated morality, ib. His literary per.
formances,

Z 3

His

formances, 98. His attention to the promotion of arts, manufaç-
tures, and commerce, ib. His great reputation abroad, 99.
children, ib.
Alfred, a Saxon nobleman, accused of conspiring against King Athel-
stan, his extraordinary fate, i. 103.

Alfric, Duke of Mercia, his infamous character and history, i. 131.
Treacherously saves the Danish fleet, 132. Another instance of his
perfidy, 142.

Algiers is compelled to peace by Admiral Blake, vii. 254.

Alice Pierce becomes the favourite of Edward III., but is removed from
court, ii. 483.

Allen, John, his character, iv. 17. Is made judge of Cardinal Wolsey's
legantine court, ib. Is prosecuted and convicted of iniquity, 18.
Alliance, triple, formed against Lewis XIV,, vii. 435-

Allison, his cruel prosecution in the star-chamber for slander, vi.
303.

Allodial and feudal possessions, the difference between, explained, and
the preference of the latter in the early ages shewn, ii. 105, 106.
Alnwick, William King of Scotland, defeated and taken prisoner there by
the English, i, 445.

Altar, removed from the wall into the middle of the church by the first
English Reformers, v. 152.

Alva, Duke of, concerts with Philip of Spain, Catherine de Medicis,
and the Cardinal of Lorraine, a massacre of the French Protestants,
v. 93. See Hugonots and Medicis. Enters into a negotiation with the
Earl of Northumberland for an insurrection in England, 163. Is em-
ployed by Philip to oppress the Flemings, 193. His character, ib.
His cruelties, ib. Some money sent for him from Genoa, siezed by
Queen Elizabeth, 194. Revenges himself on the English merchants,
195. His cruel extortions on the Flemings, ib. Attempts to disturb
the English government in favour of Mary Queen of Scots, 196. Re-
volt of Holland and Zealand, 215. Condemns the Prince of Orange
as a rebel and confiscates his possessions, ib. His cruelty on reducing
Harlem, 216. Is finally repulsed at Alcmaer, and solicits to be re-
called from the Low Countries, ib. Boasts of his infamous conduct,
217.

Amboyna, cruelties practised by the Dutch towards the English factors
there, vi. 185. Why this injury was not properly resented, ib.
Ambrosius commands the Britons against Hengist, i. 21.

Amerciaments, the arbitrary manner of opposing, by the Anglo-Norman
Kings, ii. 136.

America, when first discovered, iii. 404. Great alterations in the Euro
pean nations in consequence of this discovery, ib. The different
claims made by the European nations to their discoveries in, vi. 95.
Colonies established there by James I. 186.

The ap-

Amiens, the states of France summoned there by Lewis XI. on the appeal
to him by Henry III. and the Barons of England, ii. 201.
peal decided in favour of Henry, ib. Treaty of alliance there between
the Dukes of Bedford, Burgundy, and Britany, iii. 128.
Ancram, battle of, iv. 249.

Angles, who, and where they settled in Britain, i. 22. 25.

Anglesey,

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