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nesse writt of Subpena, to bee directed vnto the saide John Shakespeare, Thomas Shakespeare, Edmond Fowler, & Thomas Sadler, comaundinge them & eu'y of them at a certayne day & vnder a certayne payne therein to bee lymitted psonnall to bee & appeare beefore yor excellent Matie & the Lordes of your most Hoble privie Counsell in the high Court of Starr Chamber, Then & there to answer the p'misses & to receive condigne punishment for the same as to the Lordes of the most honorable privie Councell shalbee thought meete. And yor saide subject accordinge to his bownden duty shall allwayes pray to God for yor highnesse longe to raigne ouer vs.

"MERE." [Endorsed] "Martis nono die Junij anno decimo sexto Jacobi Regis Harker.

Shakespeare vrsus Shakespeare et at
Trin. 16o Ja. Regis."

"Jur. Jouis vndecimo die Junij Anno Decimo sexto Ja. Regis.

"HARKER. The Joint and seu'all answeres of John Shakespeare Thoms Shakespeare Edmond Fowler and Thoms Sadler defendtes to the Bill of Complaint of Willm Shakespeare Complt.

"The said defendte saveing to them & eu'y of them now and at all tymes hereafter all advantage of excepcon to the incerteinties & insufficiencies of the said Bill of Complaint, for Answere therevnto saie that it is true that this defend John Shakespeare did exhibite a Bill of Complaint into his Maties high Court of Chauncery against the Complaint in such sorte as by the said Bill of Complaint is sett forth; wherevnto the said Complaint answered in such sort as by the said Bill also appeareth, in wch suite witnesses were examined, and these defendtes Edmond Fowler and Thomas Sadler being examined as witnesses did speake theire knowledges and did truely depose in such sort as by theire said deposicons may appeare. Wherevpon the said Cause comeinge to hearing, the said Court of Chauncery did decree the messuage landes and Tenemtes then in question and in the Bill of Complaint menconed, vnto this defend', John Shakespeare, as by the proceedinges of the said cause remayning of record in the said high Court of Chauncery, whereto these defendtes for more certevntie referre themselues, may appeare. And this defend' John Shakespeare for himself further saith that the complaintes vnthrifty & badd courses, and his disobedience to his Father and mother, were the cause his said Father did dishenheritt him the said complaint, and conveighed the said premisses to this defend in such sorte as by the said Bill of Complaint is recited, and further this defendt saith, That aboute

Twelve of the Clocke of the Feast day of the Annunciacon of our Lady wch was in the Thirteenth yeare of the Raigne of our Soueraigne Lord the King that now is of

his Realme of England, this defendt did come into the Church porch of Rowington in the Bill of Complaint menconed, and according to the provisoe conteyned in the surrender in the Bill specified, and in observance thereof did then and there tender the some of Fouretie shillinges to the vse of the Complaint, but neither the complaint nor any for him were there to receaue it. And shortlie after for that this defendt heard it reported that the Complaint had threatned to cutt of an arme or a legg of this defend [this defendant] well knowing the mali tious mynd of the said Complaint against him, this defendt did therefore for that tyme depart, but before this defendte departure he this defendt did in the said porch deliuer the said Fourety shillinges, to Thoms Shakespeare the

defend', wth direction and authority to paie the said Fourety shillinges to the said complaint, or to his vse ac

cordinge to the said Proviso if the said complaint or any other for him were there to receiue y', and if neither the said Complaint nor any other for him were there, yet to stay in the said porch vntill the last instant of the howers in the said Bill of Complaint and surrender menconed, and then and there to tender the said Fourety shillinges to the Complaintes vse, and as this defendt thinketh, and as he hath already proved in the said high Court of Chancery, the said Thoms Shakespeare did tender the said Fourety shillinges accordingly, and that neither the complaint nor any for him were then & there ready to receiue yt. And this defendt Thoms Shakespeare for himself saith, that he, according to the direction and authority to him given as by the Answere of the said John Shakespeare is sett forth, was p'sent in ye church porch aforest at the last instant of the howers before menconed, & did then & there tender to the complaintes use the sd Fourety shillinges, but neither ye complaint nor any for him were there ready to receiue [the same] weh said tender this deft did so make in the psence of Edmond Fowler & Thoms Sadler two other of ye deftes. And these deftes Edmond Fowler & Thoms Sadler for themselues say y they were prsent in the Church porch afores at the tyme before menconed, & did see the sd defendt Thoms Shakespeare then and there tender the aforesd some of Fourety shillinges to the complaintes vse, but neither the complaint nor any for him were there ready to receiue yt. And as to all & eu'y the piuries, subornacons of periury, falsities corruptiones, false corrupt and vnlawful deposicons & other the offences & misdemeanors in the said Bill of Complaint menconed, these defendtes and every of them say that they & eu'y or any of them is of them or any of them not guilty in such sort manner and forme as the same are in the said Bill of Complaint sett forth, wthout that that any other matter cause or thing in the said Bill of Complaint conteyned materiall or effectuall in the law to be answered vnto by these defendtes & herein by these defendtes not sufficiently answered confessed & avoided trauersed or denyed is true, all weh matters these defendtes and every of them is & are ready to averre & proue as this honourable Court shall award, and humbly pray to be dismissed hence wth theire reasonable costes and charges on theire behalfes wrongfully susteyned.

"RIC. WESTON."

ARTHUR WOLFE, LORD VISCOUNT

KILWARDEN.

As a fair specimen of the inaccurate writing which we frequently meet with in the current literature of the day, I select the following short paragraph from Sir Cusack P. Roney's How to Spend a Month in Ireland, p. 49, London, 1861:—

"In this street, also [Thomas Street, Dublin], Lord Kilwarden was dragged from his carriage by a mob, infuriated by the execution of Robert Emmett (whose memory has been preserved in more than one of Moore's beautiful lyrics), and was rescued with difficulty, and only after his nephew [the Rev. Mr. Wolfe] had been brutally murdered."

These words would lead us to suppose that Robert Emmet (not Emmett) had suffered the extreme penalty of the law; and that while Lord Kilwarden's nephew was murdered, as was the case, his lordship's life was saved with difficulty from the fury of his assailants. But what were the facts? A very few words will suffice to prove

that there is no little inaccuracy on the part of A FEW MORE NOTES ON HANNAH LIGHTFOOT. Sir C. P. Roney.

The attack on "the great and good" Lord Kilwarden (as Lord Avonmore justly styled him in his address to the grand juries of the county and city of Dublin) took place on July 23, 1803, as is mentioned, for example, in Maxwell's History of the Irish Rebellion, p. 409; but the sentence of death passed on Emmet was not carried into execution until the 20th of the following September, his trial having been held only the day before. Therefore most certainly it was not the case, that the mob had been "infuriated by the execution of Robert Emmett."

Of the attack on Lord Kilwarden, with whom his daughter and nephew were at the time, Dr. R. R. Madden has supplied full particulars in the third volume of his United Irishmen; their Lives and Times, London, 1860. To his work I refer those who may wish to have more information upon the subject than I would ask space for in "N. & Q."; and I shall merely state, that Mr. Wolfe was murdered on the spot; that Miss Wolfe had a wonderful escape; and that Lord Kilwarden, having been mortally wounded, "lived for about an hour after he had been carried to the watch-house" in an adjoining street - not exactly, I think, what is to be inferred from Sir C. P. Roney's statement. In Maxwell's History, there is a striking illustration of "The Murder of Lord Kilwarden," by George Cruikshank.

I have in my possession the duplicate of Lord Kilwarden's will, dated December 25, 1800; and also a codicil, in his lordship's handwriting, dated July 31, 1802. From the latter, which is a highly interesting document, and one that does honour to the writer, I gladly make an extract:

"Whereas my beloved daughter Elizabeth Wolfe hath been long afflicted by a cruel disease, from which there is no reasonable ground to hope she will recover, and it therefore becomes necessary, upon a due consideration of my affairs, to make a different provision for my said daughter Elizabeth from that which I make for her sister [Marianne], I therefore, with grief of heart (for never did father love a daughter more dearly, nor ever did or can a daughter better merit a father's love), revoke the legacy of six thousand pounds by my said will given to my said daughter Elizabeth; and I give the sum of six thousand pounds to the said William [afterwards Lord] Downes and Robert French, their executors, administrators, and assigns, upon trust," &c.

Thanks to the kindness of a gentleman to whom I took the liberty of addressing some inquiries a few weeks since, I have just been put in possession of the following documents, which show us what were the steps taken by the religious body of which Hannah Lightfoot was a member, on discovering that she had transgressed the rules of the society in being married by a priest. It is, as will be seen, a series of extracts from the Proceedings of the Society's Meetings for Westminster.

"Fourth Quarter.-At a Quarterly Meeting for Westminster, held at the Savoy, the 1st of 1st mo., 1755.

This meeting being informed that it is currently reported that Hannah Lightfoot is married by the Priest, and since absconded from her husband, on which this meeting appoints Michl. Morton, Jms. Marshman, and Mary Keene, to visit her thereon and make report.

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The friends appointed to visit Hannah Lightfoot report they have made inquiry concerning her, were in

Dr. Madden furnishes the following notice of formed by her mother that she was married by a priest, Miss Wolfe's death, and with it I conclude: but was not fully satisfied she was absented from her husband.

"Miss Elizabeth Wolfe, youngest daughter of Lord Kilwarden, who was in the carriage with her father when he was massacred in July, 1803, died at Clifton, near Bristol, in May, 1806."

Авива.

The friends before appointed continued to visit her.

Third Quarter.-Q. M. 1st of 10th mo., 1755. The friends appointed to visit Hannah Lightfoot continued.

M. M. 5th of 11th mo., 1755. Same as 10th month.

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M. M. 4th of 2nd month, 1756.

have been called for the Crown, and would have
produced a certificate of the birth of Henry
Wheeler, witnessed by Hannah Lightfoot. This
I
presume to be the fourth document referred to
by Mr. Jesse in his communication to The Athe-
næum, and described by him as "the parchment
'birthnote' of Hannah Lightfoot's first cousin
Henry Wheeler." But the same gentleman was
also to have produced a letter from Hannah
Lightfoot to her aunt, showing that she had been
secretly married without the consent of her rela-
tions, but which letter contains nothing on the
face of it to show that the marriage was to a
person much superior in rank to herself.

I am sorry to say I have not been able to get a

The friends appointed to prepare a testimony of denial sight of this very interesting paper; but as it

against Hannah Lightfoot continued.

M. M. 3rd of 3rd mo., 1756.

A testimony of denial against Hannah Lightfoot was brought in pursuant to the direction of last meeting, which was read and approved, and is as follows, viz. :— 'Whereas Hannah Lightfoot, a person educated under our profession, and who for several years past resided within the compass of this meeting, did then enter into a state of marriage by the priest with one not of our society, which is directly repugnant to the good rules and orders well known to be established amongst us, on which this meeting appointed friends to visit her, who several times endeavoured to find where she was, in order to speak with her, but to no purpose, nor could they obtain any intelligence where she is: We therefore being desirous (as much as in us lies) to clear the truth which we profess, and ourselves from any aspersions which through the misconduct of the said Hannah Lightfoot may be cast upon friends, do hereby testify against such her proceedings as aforesaid, and disown her for the same, as one with whom we can have no fellowship until, from a penitent mind and true contrition of heart, she shall be induced to signify her unfeigned sorrow for her offence, and that this may be her case is what we truly desire.' Nathl. Might or James Marshman is desired to carry a copy hereof to the next 6 weeks' meeting.

First Quarter.-Q. M. 7th of 4th mo., 1756.

Nathl. Might reports he delivered a testimony of denial against Hannah Lightfoot to The Six Weeks' Meeting."

I need scarcely point out to the reader that, interesting as the extracts are, there is nothing in them in the slightest degree to contradict the opinion which I originally expressed and still maintain that, as far as George III. is concerned, "the story of Hannah Lightfoot is a fiction, and nothing but a fiction, from beginning to end."

Would I had been enabled to lay before the readers a still more interesting paper, the existence of which I have only recently ascertained. About a fortnight since I was informed, upon authority which could not be doubted, that if the trial Ryves v. The Queen had not broken down so signally, a gentleman of high position in the City, whose name it is not necessary to state, would

would appear to be in the same custody with the fourth document referred to by Mr. Jesse, I presume that when that gentleman inspected the one he did not overlook its far more interesting companion. If he has seen it, it is a pity that he has not thought it right to tell us its date and something about its contents.

WILLIAM J. THOMS.

SWEAT LIKE A BROCK: CUCKOO SPITTLE.—On
the tips of hedges, flowers, grass, &c. there ap-
pears in summer a white froth. In some parts,
and especially in Ireland, this is called "cuckoo
spittle," and in other places "brock sweat,"
originating the saying which will be met with in
inland counties, "To sweat like a brock." This
"brock 99
wheat, and in the warm weather throws out the
is a small green insect like a grain of
froth above mentioned.
LIOM. F.

of Sin, the line-
"THE ROSE OF DAWN."-In Tennyson's Vision

"God made himself an awful rose of dawn,”— occurs twice. The simile always appeared to me far-fetched; and I remember seeing somewhere that it comes originally from the Persian, and is to be found in Hafiz.

In Tannhäuser (a poem published a few years back), there is the same simile, copied I suppose from Tennyson:

"That mellowing morn blown open like a rose." Keats, however, in his Hyperion (book i.), uses the same rose-simile, applying it curiously not to dawn, but to sunset:

"And like a rose in vermeil tint and shape,
In fragrance soft, and coolness to the eye,
That inlet to severe magnificence
Stood full blown, for the god to enter in."
JOHN ADDIS, JUN.

Rustington, Littlehampton, Sussex.

TRADITION ABOUT TAMERLANE.-M. Semenoff, the Russian geographer, who in 1857 visited Lake

Issykkul, in Central Asia, on his way from thence to the Thian Shan range, crossed a marshy plateau 5500 feet above the sea level, called the Santasch, where he found a curious mound of stones; which, according to a tradition of the mountain Khirgese, was raised by the soldiers of Tamerlane. On his march from Samarcand to the valley of the Ili (A.D. 1400), that Tartar Khan, wishing to count his numerous host, ordered each man to throw a stone on this spot. Returning from his expedition, he again crossed the Santasch; and desiring to know the number of troops he had lost, ordered his men as they passed to take each a stone from the mound, which, thus reduced to its present size, gave the number of warriors that had fallen in the campaign, and formed at the same time their monument. Descendants of Tamerlane's troops exist at Kuldja, the capital of the Chinese western frontier province of Ili: these Dzungani, as they are called, are a Mahometan race, who, while retaining their own faith, have adopted the customs and language of the Chinese, but many of whom still speak the Tartar language. I have made this note on perusing a recent Report on the Tea Trade of Russia, by Mr. J. Savile Lumley, Secretary of Embassy at St. Petersburg-a most ably written document, and which contains much interesting information that is new concerning the little known countries of Central Asia, Amooria, &c. (See "Reports by Her Majesty's Secretaries of Embassy and Legation on the Manufactures and Commerce of the Countries in which they reside," No. 7, 1867.) PHILIP S. KING.

"MY MOTHER'S GRAVE," BY THE REV. J. MOULTRIE.-In this poem, originally inserted in The Etonian, I find the passage

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That unstartled sleep

The living eye hath never known."

Twelve years before The Etonian was published, Mr. John Ambrose Williams, the original proprietor and founder of the Durham Chronicle, published his Metrical Essays. In an "Elegy on a lonely Grave," first verse, we read

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completeness of the embodiment quickly impressed the public, and so permanent was the effect, that Lord Dundreary remained on the Haymarket boards for the extraAmerican Cousin' the longest run recorded in theatrical ordinary term of 496 nights, thus securing for Our history. When it is recollected, in connection with this circumstance, that Mr. Sothern had previously given 800 representations of the same character in America, we arrive at a fact which, merely regarded as a curiosity of computation, is wholly without a parallel in Thespian annals. On these very practical grounds, accepting the result as a simple arithmetical deduction, it is plainly to be perceived that Mr. Sothern has accomplished a feat which had no precedent, and which it is probable will be long remembered as a solitary instance of histrionic longevity." CUTHBERT BEDE.

INDEX: MARGIN.-Readers of " N. & Q." know the value of both. For the use of the next collector of " Curiosities of Literature," I notice the following:

1. History of Kingston-upon-Hull, by J. J. Sheahan. 1864. In the index (contained on pp. 689-704), I find "Index to this volume, 689." How considerate!

2. Reflexions upon Ridicule; or, What it is that makes a Man ridiculous. 8vo. London, 1706. On p. 365, the use of thee and thou is declared to be "extreme finical." Certainly a foreigner must have compiled the index, for there it is recorded: "Thee and coffee, the use of it very finical, 365." What would Dr. Johnson have said to this?

Margins. In a title-deed dated 1750, it is margent; in another, 1758, relating to the same property and prepared by the same person, margin. Was this the period of the change, or were the words used at that time indifferently? W. C.B.

Queries.

DRYDEN'S MORECRAFT: "CUNNING" OR "CUTTING"?

Who and what was Morecraft, referred to in Dryden's Prologue to the Marriage à la Mode? He is called "cutting Morecraft" in all the modern editions, and it is so printed in the 4to edition of the play of 1691, the earliest I have seen. But in a copy of the Prologue printed in Covent Garden Drollery, 1672, it is "cunning Morecraft," which seems unobjectionable, and is more easily understood. The copy in the Covent Garden Drollery has several variations from the Prologue as since printed, some of which are improvements; but it has also some obvious errata. The play was produced during the Dutch war of 1672, and the Prologue describes the theatres as deserted. The lines are here printed as in Covent Garden Drollery, the variations of Scott and Bell's editions, which follow the 4to of 1691, being interlined:

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There's Here's

cunning

Morecraft

struts strut

in masquerade.

all our hope, for we shall show to-day A masking ball to recommend our play."

Strut may be a misprint; but it is quite as likely that it should be "cunning Morecraft's strut in masquerade." Now, who and what was Morecraft? Mr. Robert Bell 66 says, a fashionable hairdresser." Scott says that it is a reference to Morecraft, an usurer, in Beaumont and Fletcher's play of The Scornful Lady, who "turns a cutter, or, as we now say, a buck." It is certainly Morecraft, an usurer, whom Dryden introduces in his translation of the second Epode of Horace:

usurer.

"Thus Morecraft said within himself:
Resolved to leave the wicked town
And live retired upon his own,

He called his money in:

But the prevailing love of pelf

Soon split him on the former shelf,-
He put it out again."

Oldham's Morecraft would seem also to be an Mr. R. Bell, who edited Oldham also, again calls him there " 'a fashionable hairdresser": "Let thriving Morecraft choose his dwelling there, Rich with the spoils of some young spendthrift heir." Imitation of third Satire of Juvenal.

Now, should it be cunning or cutting Morecraft? And is there any authority for Bell's statement that he was a fashionable hairdresser ?

The Covent Garden Drollery copy of the Prologue to Marriage à la Mode has two lines which do not appear in the other editions. After the sixth line come —

"Those that durst fight are gone to get renown,

And those that durst not, blush to stand in town."

side of the wall of a part of the house that had been used as a kitchen since 1757. At about sixteen inches below the surface of the ground, we came upon a pavement, which had no doubt been a part of the medieval building. Of this pavement some of the stones had been removed, and a great quantity of iron-such as fork heads, broken scythes, bars, axes, and bits of chain-buried in their room. These things were all deposited in once place, just outside a doorway which was made in 1757. There were far too many of them, and they were arranged too neatly to have come EDWARD PEACOCK. together by chance.

Bottesford Manor, Brigg.

RICHARD DE CHOLMONDELEY. - Ormerod, vol. iii. p. 189, says that David Crewe of Pulcroft (3 Henry IV.) married Ellen, daughter and coheiress of Richard de Cholmondeley, and had issue Thomas, father of David, &c. I do not find this Richard in the Cholmondeley pedigree. Who was he? H. S. G.

CLAN TARTANS.-What is the earliest example of these in existence? I do not inquire for written descriptions, as I am pretty well up in these, but for actual preserved specimens the date of which can be proved to be earlier than the commencement of the seventeenth century. Neither do I care for examples of plaids with more or fewer stripes at the ends of various colours. What I want to obtain is a description of any piece of tartan which can be shown by trustworthy evidence to have existed before the year 1600, and in regard to which there is any evidence that what is called the general set indicates a particula: clan or sept.

GEORGE VERE IRVING.

COURTS OF QUEEN'S BENCH AND EXCHEQUER.— "The Chief Justice of this Court is always appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer, when that office becomes vacant by death or unexpected resignation."

Beatson's Political Index says this, speaking of the Court of Queen's Bench. Is this a fact now

And lines 4 and 5 which stand in the modern a-days, or when was such a rule abolished? The

editions

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same authority tells me, with regard to the Court of Exchequer, that —

"When at any time the Barons are of different opinions concerning the decision of any cause, they call to their assistance the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who decides in favour of one of the parties by his casting vote." How long is it since this was a fact?

R. C. L. DONIZETTI AND BELLINI. Do portraits of the Italian composers Donizetti and Bellini exist; and if so, where can I see them?

JONATHAN BOUCHIER.

FREDERICK, PRINCE OF WALES.-In common, I believe, with a large body of your readers, I have been surprised and interested by Mr. Sandys' curious note on Hals's Cornwall and Hals's anti

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