Language and LinguisticsThis 1981 book is a general introduction to linguistics and the study of language, intended particularly for beginning students and readers with no previous knowledge or training in the subject. There is first a general account of the nature of language and of the aims, methods and basic principles of linguistic theory. John Lyons then introduces in turn each of the main sub-fields of linguistics: the sounds of language, grammar, semantics, language change, psycholinguistics: the sounds of language, grammar, semantics, language change, psycholinguistics, language and culture. Throughout the book he emphasizes particularly those aspects of the discipline that seem fundamental and most likely to remain important. He stresses throughout the cultural at least as much as the biological context of human language, and shows how the linguist's concerns connect productively with those of the traditional humanities and the social sciences. Each chapter has a wide-ranging set of discussion questions and revision exercises, and extensive suggestions for further reading. The exposition is marked throughout by the author's characteristic clarity, balance and authority. |
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... constructions can, and do, arise in the course of time. Oneofthe central issues in linguistics is whether there are any limitstothislatter kind ofmodifiability and, ifso,whatthe limits are. (v) The last definition to be quoted ...
... constructions can, and do, arise in the course of time. Oneofthe central issues in linguistics is whether there are any limitstothislatter kind ofmodifiability and, ifso,whatthe limits are. (v) The last definition to be quoted ...
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... constructions that arefelt to be too colloquialforthe written language (e.g.'load ofold cobblers') or, conversely, too literary for the spoken language (e.g. 'any arrangements made heretofore notwithstanding'). The terms 'colloquial ...
... constructions that arefelt to be too colloquialforthe written language (e.g.'load ofold cobblers') or, conversely, too literary for the spoken language (e.g. 'any arrangements made heretofore notwithstanding'). The terms 'colloquial ...
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... is often associated with nonarbitrariness. (iv) The productivity of a communicationsystem isthe property which makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals: i.e. of signals that have not been previously encountered.
... is often associated with nonarbitrariness. (iv) The productivity of a communicationsystem isthe property which makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals: i.e. of signals that have not been previously encountered.
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accepted allophones andthe articulatory articulatory phonetics asthe behaviour bilingualism bythe canbe cardinal vowels chapter Chomsky Chomsky’s colourterms concerned consonants construction context culture deixis descriptive descriptive linguistics determined dialect diglossia distinction example expressions fact forms French function generativism German grammatical structure historical historical linguistics hypothesis important inthe itis kind language languageacquisition languagebehaviour languagechange languagecommunity languagesystem Latin lexemes lexical literary meaning morphemes natural languages Neogrammarians non nonstandard normally notion noun oflanguage ofthe onthe particular languages philosophers phonetic phonological place of articulation polysemy Prague School principle psycholinguistics psychology question reference relation relevant respect rules semantics sense sentences socalled social sociolinguistics speakers speech speechsounds spoken language Standard English stylistic suprasegmental synchronic synonymy syntactic syntax thatthe theoretical theory thereare thereis thesame theterm theyare Thisis tobe tothe traditional grammar traditionally transformational grammar truthconditions utterances verbs vocabulary voiceless vowels wellformed whatis withthe wordforms words