In a letter to friend, written shortly before his death, and betraying a consciousness of misspent powers, and wasted life, he says:

"Be kind to my remains; and oh! defend

"Against your judgement, your departed friend."

And if, as one of his biographers say, "If to acknowledge "a fault doth in some measure expiate a crime, at least, it "should take off the world's censure. If we consider the frailty "of human nature, let the best of us look to ourselves, and we "shall discover weaknesses we cannot help, passions we cannot "subdue, and perhaps crying sins, which, though we cannot "but condemn, we hardly know how to correct." Shortly afterwards the estate was bought by one of the Lowther family, and now belongs to the Earl of Lonsdale, who for the purpose of this paper kindly furnished me with the rentals of the different parts of the estate when bought by his ancestors and the rentals now. When bought, the total rent, including the fines and rents of fourteen manors, amounting to £596 3s., was £1183 15s. Now the total rent, including the same manors, which do not vary, is £2225 ls. 7d. So ends the history of the Whartons.

ART. XXVI.-Tapestry in Appleby Castle. By W. H. D. Longstaffe, Esq., Gateshead."

IN

a corner of a tapestried bedroom of the residence in Appleby Castle, Westmoreland, is inserted some tapestry of unusual beauty. It possesses so much interest that, although I do not at present trace any historical connection with the north of England, or the holders of Appleby, I may be pardoned for calling attention to its existence.

The ground-work is delicately covered with wild flowers, and, all over it, is used a badge, which may be described as the top of a royal vessel of war. The summit of the mast is represented as erased or torn from the rest, passing through a round basket-shaped projection, which contains five spears or arrows, with their points upwards, at the dexter side of the mast, from which a streamer with two tails proceeds to the sinister. The upper tail is gules, the lower one argent.

Between

Between them and the mast, the streamer is occupied by the arms of St. George as usual.

There are three coats of arms on the tapestry, all in the peculiar style of the latter half of the 15th century, familiar to the students of the garter plates at Windsor. The main coat

is at the foot. It is gules, four fusils ermine in fess, with a profusion of mantling covered with ermine spots, and between two stags proper as supporters. The crest I took to be a lamb between two lighted candles. The animal, I have no doubt, now, is really an ermine. This crest arises from a

chapeau ermine.

That on the

Above this main coat are two other shields. dexter is surrounded by the garter, inscribed, Hony soit que male y pense, and contains the same coat gules, four fusils ermine in fess. That on the sinister comprises the same, impaled with gules, three arches (the two upper ones being conjoined) argent. The arrangement is a little peculiar, for, according to the pedigrees, as we shall presently see, the Knight of the Garter was son and not husband of the lady who bore the impaled coat, and he only left sisters and co-heiresses. His arms seem, therefore, to occur twice,-once with his supporters and crest, as the head of the paternal house, and again beside his mother's coat, with his knightly garter. She was an heiress, as we shall also see, and he would be entitled to quarter her arms on her death. Thus he might in anticipation please himself with perpetuating them, or the introduction of his mother's shield might merely be from affection. giving the full insignia, he might be perpetuating his father. That there is a want in the lists of the Knights of the Garter of the husband of the heiress is not likely, and all doubt as to the generation to which the tapestry belongs is removed, by the marine character of the badge, which from the evidences in the sequel, will, I think, be allowed to have originated with the son of the heiress.

Or, in

On referring to my Elizabethan Roll of Peers, the two coats soon revealed themselves as quartered by Bourchier Earl of Bath for Denham and Arches. The coat of the latter family, as at present, is drawn with two separate arches in chief, and two conjoined in base. I have no hesitation in considering that the tapestry is more accurate, and that the original coat was simply gules three arches argent, the capitals perhaps, as quartered, being or.

The

The Bourchiers quartered the two coats through the marriage of Sir Fulk Bouchier, with Elizabeth, the eldest sister and co-heir of Sir John Dynham, K.G., the owner of the tapestry.

The pedigree of Dinaunt, Dinan, or Dynham, is not very well proved, but the descent of the manors of Bocland-Dynham, and Hertland, of which Bocland was accounted a member, seem to show that, in the general result, it is correct. Either place accounts for the two stags as supporters. The summonses to Parliament of the members of this race ceased for the whole period between Edward I. and Edward IV. The family in the 12th century, was intimately connected with Brittany, whence it had sprung; and thus the ermine, so conspicuously given in its insignia, is explained. In the reign of Henry VI., apparently a little befere 1430, Sir John Dynham married Jane, daughter and co-heir of Sir Richard Arches, explaining the occurrence of the coat of the family of Arches, He died in 36. Henry VI. (1457-1458), leaving John Dynham. his son and heir, aged 28.

Two years afterwards, his son commenced a series of marine services in favour of the house of York. "A book of "Chroniques in Peter College Library," extracted from by Leland (Coll. i., 713), says " Then fled the Duke of York "with his second son, by Wales, into Ireland, and the Earls of "Salisbril and the Earl of March into Devonshire, and there "one Deneham, an esquier, gat them a ship for a 220 nobles, "and thence he sailed into Garnesey, and afterwards was "received into the castle of Calays.-Denham went suddenly "from Calays by the Earl of Warwike's device to Sandwich, "and took the town, and therein the Lord Rivers and Lord "Scales his son, and took many ships in the haven, and "brought them all to Calays.-The King [Henry VI.] "ordained Mountford with a garrison to keep the Sandewyche. "But Denham, coming from Calays thither, took Mountefort, "and carrying him to Risebank, there smit off his head.'; Any one of these exploits would well explain the badge on the tapestry, and it may probably, with his supporters, be assigned to the date when he became a baron. According to "Another Cronique " with which Leland proceeds (Coll. i., 716)," Edward at his coronation created. .Denham, Esquyer, "Lord Deneham, and worthy as is afore shewed." The summonses to him, however, commence in Edward's sixth year, The descent of estates prove him to have descended from

Oliver Dinaunt, who had been summoned by Edward I. Indeed there are confirmations on the Patent Rolls, in 16. Richard II., and 3. Henry VI., to two several Johns Dynham, each in his own time described as kinsman and heir of Geoffrey and Oliver de Dynham, reciting Henry III's. grant of a market at Bokeland, to Geoffrey, and Edward I's. grant of free warren in Hertyland, to Oliver. Doubtless, the circumstances of the family had declined, and rendered summonses undesirable or unacceptable. For, though some of the estates had descended, all had not.

In 9, Edward IV. (1469-70) the marine hero had a substantial grant from that king, but only for life. On the restoration of King Edward, "the Lord Denham and Syr "John Fog, and other, were left in Kent, to sit on judgement "of the rebels, whereof were a great number punished by the 66 purse." This was in 11. Edward IV., and in 12. Edward IV. (1742-3) Lord Denham was again on the brine, being retained to serve the king in his fleet at sea, with 3,580 soldiers and marines. So, likewise, in 15. Edward IV. (1475-6) for four months, with 3,000 men, in which year he was made a Privy Councillor, with an annuity of 100 marks. Another annuity of £100 was granted by the king to him, in 18. Edward IV. (1472-80) until £600 should be fully paid, in some recompense of large sums of money which George,

Duke of Clarence had extracted from him. In 21. Edward IV. (1482-83) he was a married man, his wife being Elizabeth Fitzwalter. She then had no issue, nor was likely to have any, as John Ratcliff, (her nephew) is in that year, when she joins with her husband in founding a guild, called her heir.

Beltz supposes that Lord Dynham became Knight of the Garter before 14th May, 1487, on the attainder and degradation of Thomas, Earl of Surrey, 7th November, 1485, in the first year of Henry VII., in which year he was made Privy Councillor and Treasurer to the politic king. Denham had, on Edward IV's restoration, sworn to the Parliament chamber to be true to his master's son, afterwards Edward V., and he had been appointed an executor to Lord Hastings two years before his execution. It is pleasing to infer that he had been no friend to Richard III's seizure of the crown, and so that he readily fell in with the accession of Henry. His mother, the co-heiress of Arches, survived until 1496. By her will, dated in that year, she desires to be buried in the Black Friars' Church, of Exeter, beside her lord and husband,

Sir John Dynham, knight, where their tomb was made. She mentions her sons, Oliver and Charles Dyneham, (who with their brother Roger, mentioned in 4. Edward IV., must have died issueless), and her daughters, who afterwards became co-heiresses of her son, Lord John Dynham, who was to have the remainder of her goods, "if he had issue of his body," a tolerably plain indication that he had none legitimate at that time. She does not mention his wife, and as he does not give the arms of any spouse on the tapestry, I infer that Elizabeth Fitzwalter was then dead.

He makes his will on the 7th of January, 1500-1, desiring to be buried at the Abbey of Hartland, in Dorsetshire, of which he was founder (i.e. representative of the original founder who was Jeffrey Dynham, t. Henry II.), if he should die within 100 miles thereof, otherwise in the Grey Friars', London. To Lady Elizabeth, his wife, he left all household stuff in his place at Lambeth, in Surrey, and 1690 ounces of plate. The will was not proved until 1509, but the testator's four sisters and co-heiresses had livery of his lands, in 17. Henry VII, 1501-2, and evidence that the register of burials in Grey Friars' was correct in making him die on 28th January, 1501. The entry runs thus-"Item ad finem "stallorum [quondam inserted] in eadem [sinistra] parte "chori in archu jacet nobilis dominus, Dominus Johannes "Dennham, Baro, et quondam thesaurarius Angliæ, militis 'cum liberata de Garterio. Qui obiit 28 die mens' Januarii "Anno Domini 1501." From the will of Jane Lady Talbot, 1505, it appears that the widow was not Elizabeth Fitzwaiter, but a niece of the testatrix, who was daughter and co-heiress of John Champernon. She is mentioned thus: "Anthony Willoughby, my nephew. To my Lady "Dinham, my niece, a device of gold," and doubtless Sir Harris Nicolas is correct in stating that she was daughter of Lord Willoughby and Blanche his wife, daughter and coheiress of John Champernon, and sister of the testatrix.

66

I have not the date of Elizabeth Fitzwalter's death, but the evidence seems to show that the tapestry was made between the gift of the garter, in 1487, and Joane d'Arches's death, in 1496, and, further, between the death of Dynham's first wife and his re-marriage, as the shield of any present wife would hardly have been wanting. With some research the date might be gained with tolerable minuteness. For us, it is perhaps sufficient to know that this date is the early part

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