It is not improbable that the retirement of Dr Murray was followed by the resignation of Mr Ballanquall, afterwards dean of Durham, who was a non-resident fellow of the college, as his name does not appear in the new charter of foundation.f

A new foundation of the college ensued; the statutes were drawn up, wherein it was provided, that the fines, which accrued for some time, were to be applied to the repairing and beautifying the church, which had become greatly dilapidated.

COPY OF THE FOUNDATION OF THE COLLEGE OF MANCHESTER, BY KING CHARLES THE I. DATED SEPTEMBER 30TH, 1635.

Charles the I. by the grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. To whom these presents shall come, greeting, Whereas our well beloved and faithful subjects, the gentlemen and others, the parishioners of the town of Manchester, alias Mancaster, in the county palatine of Lancaster, have, in humble manner, proffered many and grievous complaints unto us, that whereas in the aforesaid town of Manchester, alias Mancaster, there is a certain college, consisting of one warden and four fellows, which was founded and endowed by the late Queen Elizabeth of most blessed memory, in the twentieth year of her reign, in which said college, two chaplains, four laymen, and four boys skillful in music, were continually to endure; which college was also erected for that end, that in the church thereof there should be daily prayers solemnly made for us and for our kingdoms; that the sacrament, and other divine service, should be celebrated, and our subjects, the parishioners, which are there to the number of twenty thousand men and more, and other neighbours, might be instructed in the

reality this low and surreptitious origin. "Dr Murray," adds Hollingworth, "preached only twice in Manchester, once on 1st Gen. 1st verse; In the beginning,' &c. Another time on 22d Rev. 20; Come Lord Jesus. So it was sayd, that he in preaching begun and ended the Bible.— Nor was he very skillfull in it. Preaching before King James once upon 1 Rom. 18; ' I am not ashamed of the Gospell of Christ.' When he came to kiss the King's hand, his majestie said, Thou art not ashamed of the Gospell of Christ, but by the Gospell of Christ may be ashamed of thee.'"-These stories, which proceed with most ill grace from the mouth of a precisian, carry along with them their own confutation.

f Walter Ballanquall, S. T. P. succeeded to the deanery of Durham, being installed May 14th 1639. He died December 25th, 1645, and was buried in Chirke Church, Denbigh, where a monument was raised to his memory by Sir Thomas Middleton, which recounts his loyal deeds manifested during the civil wars. Willis, Vol. I. page 255.

duties of piety towards God, and obedience towards us, and of honest life and conversation towards one another.

Nevertheless, whether it came to pass by carelessness and absence, or covetousness of the warden and fellows, the greatest part of the revenues of the said college is by certain private men withholden and wrongfully usurped, so that the just stipend was not in readiness for the fellows, chaplains, and the rest of the ministers in the same.

And furthermore, so great danger from the church itself, that was ready to fall, did hang over the heads of them that entered thereinto, that many parishioners durst hardly fetch thence the spiritual food of their souls for the danger of their bodies, whereupon the fellows, being destitute of necessaries for their living, did also fear that the people would be shortly destitute of the eldership itself, except we would vouchsafe abundant grace, which they did most humbly beseech, to afford remedy to so many and so great evils.

We being careful of piety, and likewise of the truth, nor willingly suffering that either our subjects or the college of our so famous ancestors, in loyalty erected, should travail under so great injuries, have committed the whole matter to our most faithful privy counsellors, the most reverend Father in God, William, archbishop of Canterbury, primate of all England, and metropolitan, Thomas Lord Coventry of Aylesbury, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England, and Henry Earl of Manchester, Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal, to be thoroughly examined; who, after all things were thoroughly preserved, which could be herein said, have found the miseries of the college are not unequal to the complaints, or verily greater, and that they are altogether let in by the warden, or at least chiefly by his default.

It seemed, therefore, to us a matter worthy to be committed to the examination of our commissioners in ecclesiastical causes; who, after grave deliberation and due examination had therein, did proceed in due order of law against the warden, he being before challenged personally to answer: And for these and other grievous causes before-mentioned, they have removed the warden from the office and place of a warden, by whom furthermore it hath been manifested, that he the said warden hath wittingly abstained from a certain oath expressed in the letters-patent of the said Queen concerning the not receiving of any rents for the college, except for the days in which he was present, which being not performed, neither could he be warden: Wherefore, and for divers other causes appearing to the same commissioners, they have pronounced him non-warden since the first usurping of that name.

U

Howbeit the fellows by him chosen were indeed fellows in the judgment of men skilful in the law.

The said college [is therefore] altogether dissolved, or truly hath none, or else a very uncertain foundation, wherefore the aforesaid lords have humbly supplicated us, that we, for the continuation and restoration of the same college, would vouchsafe to anew and afresh erect, found, and establish the same.

Know ye, therefore, that, for the piety we have toward God and his church, and charity towards our subjects, and singular care for their holy instructions, willingly and graciously agreeing to such a supplication, we of our special grace, and certain knowledge, for us, our heirs, and successors, do will, grant, and ordain, that by virtue of these letters-patent, there either may or shall be in the aforesaid town of Manchester one college, in all future time perpetually to endure, which shall be called CHRIST'S COLLEGE IN MANCHESTER, FOUNDED BY KING CHARLES THE FIRST.

And we have decreed that college to be ordained, created, and established, to consist of one warden at least, bachelor in divinity, or of canonical or civil laws, and four fellows at the least, master of arts, or bachelor of laws, as aforesaid, godly, honest, and learned men, able holily to instruct our subjects there, and in places near adjoining.

And we do erect, create, ordain, found, and establish the same college, by the tenor of these presents, really and fully for ever to continue; our command by these presents, stedfastly and for ever, inviolably to be observed.

And to the intent the aforesaid college may be set forth and replenished with fit persons, in all their several places and degrees, we do make and ordain, and by these presents constitute our well-beloved Richard Heyrick, first warden of the said perpetual college, William Bourn, Samuel Boardman, Richard Johnson, and Peter Shaw, first fellows of the said perpetual college.

And we will, and by these presents do ordain and grant, for our heirs and successors, that the aforesaid warden and fellows of the college aforesaid, and their successors in every respect, in deed and in name, henceforth may and shall be one body corporate and politic, of themselves for ever, by the name of THE WARDEN AND FELLOWS OF CHRIST'S COLLEGE IN MANCHESTER, FOUNDED, INCORPORATED, AND ERECTED BY KING CHARLES: and them, the warden and fellows of Christ's College in Manchester, founded by King Charles and their successors, we incorporate by these presents, and do really and fully create, erect, ordain, make, constitute, and by these presents establish a body corporate and politic of the same name, for ever to endure.

And we do will, and by these presents ordain and grant, for us, our heirs, and successors, that the same warden and fellows of Christ's College in Manchester, founded by King Charles, have perpetual succession, and by the same be, and shall be fit persons, apt and able to have, diligently to search, to receive, and possess the goods, chattels, manors, temporaries, messuages, tenements, meadows, feeding-pastures, rectories, tythes, proctorships, ecclesiastical rents, reversions, services, and other hereditaments whatsoever, as well of us, our heirs, and successors, as of any other person, as well spiritual as temporal, or of any other person whatsoever, for themselves and their successors, for term of life, lives, or years, either in fee or perpetuity, and to do all and several other things and matters to be done.

And further, we do will, and, for us and our successors, by these presents do grant, unto these our said warden and fellows of Christ's College in Manchester, founded by King Charles, and to their successors, that from henceforth they have, and shall have, a common seal to serve for their business, and other matters expressed and specified in these our letters-patent, touching or concerning any parcel thereof; and that they and their successors, by the name of the warden and fellows of Christ's College in Manchester, founded by King Charles, may and shall be able to plead and implead, to prosecute, defend, and to be defended, to answer, and to be answered unto, in and all several causes, complaints, actions, real and personal, of what kind or nature soever, in any place, or in any court, or in the places or courts of our heirs and successors, and in the places and courts of any other whatsoever, before any justices and judges, ecclesiastical and secular, whatsoever, or any other person whatsoever, within our kingdom of England, and to act and undertake them, and all and every other thing as fully as, and in the same measure, as any other our liege people, fit persons, and in the law able, or any other body or bodies corporate or politic, within the same our realm of England, shall do, or shall be able to do, in the courts and places aforesaid, and before the justices and judges aforesaid.

We do also will, constitute, and by these presents ordain, that whensoever, and as often as by the death of the aforesaid Richard Heyrick, now the first warden of the aforesaid college, or by any other means whatsoever, it shall happen that the office and place of warden hereafter be void, that in his room shall succeed and be a warden, [one who is] at least bachelor in divinity or of law as aforesaid; and that of us, our heirs, and successors, from time to time, he shall by name perfectly, by letters sealed with our great seal of England, our heirs and successors, [succeed] to a presentation being made to the Reverend Father in

God, the Bishop of Chester at the time existent, who shall take diligent heed that the appointed clerk so named by us be canonically instituted, and installed into the WARDENSHIP or DEANSHIP of that church.

g

And whensoever, and as often as by death, or by any other means, it shall happen that the place of any fellow be void, we will, and by these presents ordain, that some fellow and learned preacher succeed and be in his room, [one who is at] the least master of arts, or bachelor of law, as is aforesaid, who shall be chosen, and by letters sealed with the common seal of the same college, declared a fellow of the aforesaid college by the warden and the rest of the fellows or their successors, or the greatest part or number of them, of whom we will that the warden be one; and we command that this election of a fellow into a room, however void, be made within thirty days after the vacation shall be known to the warden and the rest of the fellows; and we also will that the fellows of the aforesaid college of Christ in Manchester, founded by King Charles, shall be so chosen and declared; and we for ever do name, make, ordain, and constitute them, and every of them, in form aforesaid, chosen and declared, and their successors in the same manner to be chosen and declared FELLOWs of the aforesaid Christ's College in Manchester, founded by King Charles; and by these presents do incorporate them in the same Christ's College in Manchester, founded by King Charles.

Further, we will and appoint that there be two chaplains or vicars continually in the aforesaid college, at the least bachelors of arts, and clerks which visit the sick, celebrate the sacraments, and other necessary and divine services in the said college and parish of Manchester, and shall minister every day in the church of the said college, except so far as they shall be dispensed with by the warden and fellows; and also that there be continually in the said college four men, whether clerks or laymen, four boys skilful in music, which may perform prayers and other divine services in the said Collegiate Church.

And we will, and appoint for this course, and at the time only, that Edmund Hopwood and Robert Brown be the first chaplains in the office of the college and parish of Manchester to celebrate divine service; and that Charles Leigh the elder, (William) John Leigh, Peter Starkey, and Charles Leigh the younger, be the men, or clerks, or laymen, skilful in music; and that Charles Leigh, Jonathan Ridge, George Warburton, and Edmund Hall, be the first boys to serve in the College Church and Parish of Manchester.

8 The word deanship being introduced into the last charter shows that the warden's title of dean was not extinct. The proper title of the warden at the present day is WARDEN OF CHRIST'S COLLEGE, MANCHESTER, AND DEAN OF THE DEANERY OF MANCHESTER.