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That it is a casuall and accidentall cause," Emperor," as well as Primaudaye's interest&c. Greene has no change here, excepting ing account of John of Leyden, the "sillie that he transposes the position of Plato's botcher of Holland." But Greene's most opinion, placing it after Aristotle's. The important omission is p. 475 of Primaudaye, changes are so slight as to be scarcely worth being a valuable account of Tamburlaine and mentioning. Where Primaudaye reads Bajazet-valuable in connexion with Mar"cleane contrary" (p. 470), Greene has lowe's play-to which I will again refer. e contra. We then have Augustus Cæsar Primaudaye resumes: "But what neede we and Anthonie (always vanquished at plays drawe out this discourse?" copied into and pastimes), Paulus Eniglius that great Greene, p. 137, which brings us to "all captain, Demetrius's description of a painting fortune's goods without knowledge how to of Fortune (Greene's Lady Panthia rememuse them (Primaudaye, p. 477; Greene, bers that she saw it in the Duke of Florence's p. 139), the intervening page or two being chamber), and here in Greene a sonnet is identical. Peratio has ended his discourse, inserted as being under the picture. He and so has Primaudaye. Greene has then five apologizes for the digression (p. 134), and or six pages of trifling, and resumes Primauresumes his Primaudaye (p. 472, foot) with daye with the discourse of Friendship Fortune compared to a glass ("brickle" is already dealt with. Greene's, not Primaudaye's). Hannibal " nowed captain," Titus Flaminius, Hannibal and Titus, and Pyrrhus-all Primaudaye, and identical to p. 473 (Greene, p. 136).

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We come next in Primaudaye (chap. xlv., p. 478) to а very researchful one 'Of Marriage.' Almost immediately following Silvestro's discourse upon friendship, Greene Two or three passages occur in the above has a dissertation (iii. 164-6) upon marriage, summary that may be given fully, as they for which he is indebted to Primaudaye. are of much interest. I am not concerned The latter begins (p. 481) his references with with the ultimate authorities of Primau- "Pythagoras......being requested to be at daye's classical extracts and researches, but the marriage of a friend of his, he excused obviously he has made free use of Plutarch's himselfe, saying: that he was never desirous 'Lives.' The following reference is of in- to go to such a feast or be at such a funerall; terest in connexion with '1 Henry VI.,' judging that it was all one for a man to I. ii. 138-9: "that proud insulting ship marrie a wife and to wed a coffin." After Which Cæsar and his fortune bare at once." ." half a page, he gives us the views of Metellus Some authorities believe Greene had a hand when asked by Marius why he would not in Henry VI.' The passage Greene has marry his daughter, to which end Marius (from Primaudaye) is: "entering upon the gives sound reasons. Metellus "replied, sea in a little Fregate......and the Pilote That he knew all this to be true, yet (quoth making some doubt of waighing up the he) I had rather be mine own than hirs." Anchor, he sayde thus unto him: Be not Greene, having transferred Pythagoras, is afrayde, my friende, for thou cariest Cæsar rather ingenious: his speaker here is a and his Fortune." And another passage woman (Lacana), so he transfers the situafrom Plutarch twice referred to by Shake- tion to Martia, the daughter of Metellus, speare (Macbeth,' III. i. 56; 'Antony and who is recommended a yoong gentleman" Cleopatra,' II. iii. 19) occurs here by her father-finishing: "I know, quoth Augustus and Antonius his companion in Martia, al this, yet I had rather be mine the Empire......passed away the time......owne, than his" (Greene, iii. p. 165). Greene with sundrie sports and pastimes wherein has a passage then of" The wise Hypsicratea Antonie alwayes went away vanquished. in her widowhood," which I have not identiWhereupon one......well seene in the arte of Divination [said unto him]......Separate your selfe farre from him......Your fame is greater than his...... You are better exercised You have greater experience, but your familiar spirite feareth his."

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Let us finish the discourse of Fortune. At p. 136 Greene transposes Pertinax and Eumenes (Primaudaye, pp. 473-4); then he changes Aurelianus to Aurelius, Justinus to Justinius, and Maximianus to Maximinus (Greene, p. 137). Here Greene omits altogether "Gregory the 7 and Henry the 4,

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fied. He next refers to "Macrina, the wife of Torquatus," for a very different opinion (no doubt his own invention) from that which Primaudaye (see end of chap. xlviii.) attributes to her. After skipping p. 482, and several Biblical examples, Greene comes to Primaudaye's (p. 483)" saying of Hipponactus, That of one marriage only two good days are to be hoped for, namely, the marriage day and the day of death (Greene, p. 165). Greene calls this libeller Hysponactes. Primaudaye continues with " Alexandreides' speech, that the wedding day is the beginning of many

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evils," &c.; and what "Polyhistor saith: because there is not one to be found, wherein there is not some deceit," &c., followed exactly by Greene, p. 165. Primaudaye then quotes, "Diphilus sayd, nothing is hardlier found in all the world than a good wife. Whereunto that old proverbe agreeth, that a good wife (husband, Greene), a good mule, and a good goate are three naughtie beasts." Greene attributes the proverb to Diphilus, which may be correct. Primaudaye gives us next the retort of a noble Roman whose friend said "he had great cause to hold himself happie......he had a wife that was faire, rich, and come of noble parentage; he shewed them his foote, saying: My friends, you see that my shoe is very new, faire, and well made, but none of you can tell whereabout it pincheth me (p. 484). Greene attributes this (pp. 165, 166) in the same words to "Salonina, the wife of Cethegus." Primaudaye's next example is from Hesiod: 'He that trusteth to a woman (said Hesiod) is as safe as he that hangeth by the leaves of a tree in the ende of Autumne when the leaves begin to fall. I remember yet three things which I have heard uttered in contempt of marriage......when a yong man is to be married, he must be arested. For truly I think we should flie up to heaven, if this arrest kept us not backe." Greene's Tritameron' has been up to this loyal to the fair sex, and he has had occasion several times to transpose the sexes, since Primaudaye is quoting depreciatory philosophy upon women. This last passage was too much to alter, so he transfers it ("Hesiodus affirms") to his Farewell to Follie' (ix. 327-8), where he is upon the other lay.

One notable passage has been skipped, on p. 481 in Primaudaye, at the beginning of this chapter on marriage: "Thales, one of the sages of Grecia, minding to shew that it was not good for a man to marry, when one asked him why he married not, being in the flower of his age, said it was not yet time. Afterward being growen to further age and demanded the same question, answered, that the time was past." Greene attributes this, in different words, to Diogenes, in 'Never too Late' (viii. 202). One other passage Greene misquotes of Augustus Cæsar (Primaudaye, p. 486), who made a law, "being come to the empire," against those that did not marry or had no children after twenty-five years of age. Greene (iii. 166) says when he was Censor," copying from four lines higher. H. C. HART.

(To be continued.)

at

SANATORIUM AT MIDHURST.-Relative to the new "Edward VII.'s Sanatorium Midhurst, in Sussex, which His Majesty is expected to inaugurate this month, the subjoined note may not be out of place. As a most healthy spot Midhurst has long been known; but few localities can present a better record than that attributed to this little Sussex township by The Dublin Chronicle of 1788. The village had then, in all, only some 140 cottages or houses. Of the inhabitants, 78 were over 70; no fewer than 32 were 80 and upwards; whilst 5 had passed their four-score years and ten, and were nearing the ripe age of 100. It is recorded further that of the 78 septuagenarians only 4 were unable to take part in some kind of business or occupation. May all the readers of 'N. & Q.' live to an equally active and green old age! Though the record is one which dates back a hundred years and more, it may help, nevertheless, to cheer those who are destined to do battle against the dread disease of consumption under the shadow of the ancient home of the Montagues at Cowdray Park. B. W.

Fort Augustus.

MICHELL FAMILY.-At 8th S. ix. 37 H. S. K. inquired as to the parentage of Henry Michel. If the latter were a descendant of the "ancient family" whose representative Mary Catherine married, in 1752, Sir Bysshe Shelley, the name should be spelt Michell, according to various legal documents and letters in my possession. I am sorry that I cannot answer H. S. K.'s query, but I can tell him that the head of the family, seated at Stammerham in the parish of Horsham, was in the year 1647 Edward Michell, who was probably son to the Edward Michell who erected a memorial tablet in Horsham Church to his "cousin" John Michell, of Stammerham, who had died 26 Nov., 1610, and was son of Avery and Mary Michell.

The Edward Michell of 1647 married Mary, daughter of F. Middleton, by whom he had eight children: Katherine, Mary, Edward, John, Robert, Theobald, Walsingham, and Jane. Of these, Edward and John left no descendants, to my knowledge, and Robert was owner of Stammerham in the last quarter of the seventeenth century and the He died first quarter of the eighteenth. 1 Aug., and was buried 10 Aug., 1729, at Horsham, and was succeeded at Stammerham by Edward, the only surviving child of his first marriage with Mary, daughter of Thomas White. Edward Michell, however, outlived his father only a few months, dying

unmarried 17 Dec., 1729, when a dispute time, but subsequently lost it; I had, howarose as to the possession of Stammerham ever, the good fortune to light upon another and other property between Catherine, a few days ago in the possession of a relative, daughter of Robert Michell by his third wife, and shall be obliged if you will kindly reTheodosia Montagu, and her cousin, the print it, and so preserve it to future history. Rev. Theobald Michell, son of Walsingham I shall also be glad if any of your readers (claiming as heir-at-law)—the latter remain- can give me information as to the Mr. W. H. ing eventually in possession by an amicable Greene and Mrs. Bromedge mentioned :arrangement. The Rev. T. Michell had a younger brother John Michell, who appears to have been a ne'er-do-weel; and "Admiral Onslow" in 1797 married a Miss Michell, of the same family.

If the Henry Michel of H. S. K.'s query was indeed descended from the Michells of Stammerham, his ancestor must have branched off before 1647, as I think that the foregoing statement will show that any possible male descendants after that date are accounted for. H.

POEM BY FIELDING-In a small volume entitled 'Poems on Various Occasions,' by the Rev. Samuel Rogers, A.M., "Rector of Husband's Bosworth & of Brampton in Northamptonshire, and Chaplain to the Right Honble John, Earl Spencer," printed and published at Bath in 1782, is the short poem which I transcribe in full below. Whether it is genuine other readers of N. & Q.' will be better qualified than I am to judge; but it is not ungraceful, or worthy of the novelist, so I venture to introduce it to public notice, if it is as yet unprinted.

An Extempore
in the Pump-Room, at Bath,
by the late Henry Fielding, Esq.
To Miss H-land.
Communicated by a Friend.

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"How Sir Nicholas Kemeys was Killed.-Some most interesting particulars of the death of Sir Nicholas Kemeys. of Cefn Mably, the gallant Royalist who lost his life when Chepstow Castle was captured by Cromwell's troops on the 25th May, 1648, have just come to light, and are now here published for the first time. Sir Nicholas was a man of grand physical proportions, and of extraoccasion a noted ordinary strength. On one Cornish wrestler went to Cefn Mably, and begged the knight to join in a wrestling bout. Nicholas consented, and in a moment throwing his antagonist on his back asked if he was satisfied. 'Not unless you will fling me over your park wall.' said the man. No sooner said than done. Now I should like to see if you can throw my donkey after me,' said the Cornishman. Very well,' replied Sir Nicholas; and in a trice he threw the The Cornishanimal over the wall to its owner. man then went his way discomfited, but rejoicing that he had had a tussle with the famous knight.

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Chepstow Castle was captured by the Parliamentarians in October, 1645. Some time after a gentleman named Emanuel being in the castle, one night obtained possession of the keys, and, while the Roundhead garrison were sleeping let in Sir Nicholas Kemeys and a party of Royalists, who un-made prisoners of all in the place. Sir Nicholas held it till May, 1648, when, with only some eight score men, he gallantly withstood a siege by five regiments of Parliamentarians. A great breach was at last made in the walls on the side next to the town. When called on to surrender, Sir Nicholas demanded leave to march out with military honours. This was refused by Col. Ewer, who said the knight must beg for his life and no more. That was declined. Ewer promised that quarter should be given; and as the handful of Royalists left, the Parliamentarians rushed in through the breach, and Sir Nicholas was slain. How this happened has been related to Mr. W. H. Greene by Mrs. Bromedge, an elderly lady now residing at Bournemouth, a descendant of the ancient and illustrious family of Pritchard of Llanover.

Soon shall these bounteous springs thy wish bestow;
Soon in each feature sprightly health shall glow;
Thy eyes their fire regain; thy limbs their grace;
And roses join the lilies in thy face.

But say, sweet maid, what waters can remove
The pangs of cold despair in hopeless love?
The deadly star that lights th' autumnal skies,
Shines not so bright, so fatal as thy eyes;
The pains, which from their influence we endure,
Not Brewster,* glory of his art, can cure.

* Brewster, M.D., translator of Persius.
N.B.-The above piece is not printed in any
edition of Fielding's Works. [Note by Rogers.]
H. K. ST. J. S.
CHEPSTOW CASTLE AND SIR NICHOLAS
KEMEYS.-The following account of the death
of the Governor of the Castle, Sir Nicholas
Kemeys, Bt., when captured by the Par-
liamentarians in 1648, appeared in the
columns of a Monmouthshire newspaper (to
the best of my memory) some fourteen or
fifteen years ago. I took a cutting at the

"When I was a little girl,' says the lady, 'the custodian of Chepstow Castle was Mrs. Margaret Williams, a venerable lady of exceedingly stately manners; and I spent much of my time with her. Whenever the Duke of Beaufort, the present Duke's grandfather, visited this fortress. she used to receive him with great ceremony. The great gates were flung wide open, that his Grace might enter in state. Dressed in heavy black silk, with a flowing train, she used to stand on a particular spot in the First Court of the Castle, and receive the Duke with a graceful reverence, to which his Grace replied by bowing almost to the ground. identical spot on which Sir Nicholas Kemeys was The position she chose was, she used to tell, the murdered. He stood fronting the breach, nearly opposite what is now known as Martin's Tower,

with his back towards the wall of the present inhabited part of the Castle. There he was slashed and hacked in a dreadful manner. He received a terrible wound across the lower part of the chest, and was drenched with blood. Laying his left arm across his gaping wound, he stood his ground, striking out manfully with his sword in his right hand, till in a very short time he fell dead beneath the blows of the Parliamentary

soldiers.

Mrs. Williams used to regard this spot with the utmost reverence.' So, no doubt, will many of the present generation, now that the exact site is identified; and a small monument there would be appropriate."

ST. DAVID M. KEMEYS-TYNTE. 10, Royal Crescent, Bath.

VERIFY YOUR REFERENCES.-In The Fortnightly Review for April there is an article by Mr. Henry Norman, M.P., entitled The Public, the Motorist, and the Royal Commission,' in which, on p. 685, the following paragraph occurs :

"For some time the public will suffer greatly from dust raised by motors. This is inevitable, and must be borne. The works of novelists contemporary with the advent of the galloping stagecoach contain passages denouncing the dust raised by this in terms identical with those levelled against motorists to-day."

As I wished to learn the authority upon which this emphatic statement was based, I wrote to Mr. Norman, asking him to name the novels containing the passages to which he had referred; but, to my great surprise, he informed me that he "had cut the quotation from a newspaper," and had since mislaid it! Even in these slap-dash days there are few journalists of experience who would base an important proposition upon unsupported evidence found in a newspaper. The incidents narrated by Mr. Norman may be right or wrong, but I think some solid evidence should be produced, and is generally expected, for such a statement in a leading review. HORACE BLEACKLEY.

The

THIERS AND THE DOSNE FAMILY. following note from L'Eclair of 7 May is, I think, interesting not only in connexion with the family into which Thiers married, but also as an example of the frivolous reasons which sometimes induce people to change their names :

"En 1816, une ordonnance royale porta le nombre des agents de change de cinquante à soixante. Les dix places nouvelles étaient fort convoitées : l'une d'elles fut donnée, par la protection de la duchesse d'Angoulême, à un employé de banque, M. Dosne, qui fit rapidement fortune.

"Peu après sa nomination, M. Dosne épousa la fille d'un honorable commerçant de Paris, Mlle. Eurydice Mathéron, dont il eut deux filles, Mme. Thiers et Mlle. Dosne.

"Mlle. Eurydice Mathéron avait une sœur qui fut demandée en mariage par un banquier du nom de Lognon.

Mon Dieu, lui dit Mlle. Mathéron, vous me plaisez certainement, mais je ne pourrai jamais consentir à m'appeler Mme. Lognon.

"Qu'à cela ne tienne, répondit le banquier; si vous n'aimez pas Lognon, vous aimeriez mieux un grand nom, par exemple.., Charlemagne ? "Comment cela?

"Je ferai changer mon appellation.

"Voilà qui me convient. Et je consens à épouser Charlemagne.

"Le mariage eut lieu et de cette union sont nés deux fils, dont l'un, devenu capitaine de vaisseau, a péri avec son navire dans un naufrage. L'autre a été le général Charlemagne." W. ROBERTS.

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The Kings (old English-King and Queen) of Spain.
Ave, O King and Queen,

Overcome by (your) heart!
Become a Spaniard,

Let the Queen live!

Hail, O King and Queen,

Married in Madrid!

Steadfast as a lover of Britain,

May the King live!

The two names of the two,
Blended into one Ave;

May the complete union of the two
Remain a long while victorious!

EDWARD S. DODGSON.

"PALE ALE" AS A NICKNAME FOR ENGLISHMEN.-PROF. SKEAT writes. ante, p. 312: "Pale is French, and ale is Saxon; but only pale ale is truly English." A young English friend many years ago-before the entente cordiale-whilst walking arm-in-arm with another Englishman in Paris, heard a French workman exclaim, "There go two Pal-als!" HENRY TAYLOR.

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COL. HUGH FORBES.-Can any one give

information about the parentage or previous career of Col. Hugh Forbes? He commanded a regiment in the service of the Roman Republic in 1849, and in that capacity accompanied Garibaldi's famous retreat from Rome (after the siege), joining the Garibaldians at Terni, and marching thence to Cesenatico. He put to sea with Garibaldi and the last 200, but was captured by the Austrians and imprisoned at Pola. He wore a white top hat in the field, and was known as the eccentric Englishman." He was a good soldier, and was passionately devoted to the Italian cause, at a time when it was not yet fashionable in England. His son, a boy of twenty, acted as his aide-de-camp. He was aged forty. This is all the Italian authorities tell us. I want to find his connexions and history in England. Neither he nor his son is identical with the Sir Charles Forbes who wrote the book about Garibaldi's Sicilian expedition.

GAMMA.

"IN A HUFF."-The rector of Little Chart, Ashford, Kent, tells me that he has recently heard this phrase used in a sense hitherto unknown to him. The rector, visiting the husband of a poor woman who had just died somewhat suddenly, was told that "she went off in a huff" This must be a very rare use of the expression, as no instance is given in 'E.D.D. of the phrase in this sense in any part of England or of the mainland of Scotland. The only authority supplied in the dictionary is The Shetland News (16 Oct., 1897). I should be glad to hear of instances of this use in any English dialect.

Oxford.

A. L. MAYHEW.

CORN-RENT.-Can you inform me what a corn-rent is? It almost sounds like another term for tithe, when we remember that before the Commutation Act the parson took every tenth sheaf of corn, and stowed it away in a large barn until he chose to thrash his collection. But it might be a small payment to the feudal lord, the result of an arrangement in lieu of a certain toll rendered long ago. Such a corn-rent is still demanded at Cumnor, Bucks, on land purchased from the Earl of Abingdon. W. W. GLENNY.

Barking, Essex.

[The definition in the N.E.D.' is: "A rent for agricultural land paid in corn, or one the amount of which is determined each year according to the price of corn." See the illustrative quotations appended.]

EDOUARD PINGRET.-I have an oil painting the picture is signed Edouard Pingret, and of an officer of the Royal Welsh Fusiliers Can any reader give me information about the artist? I believe he was a Canadian painter of note.

dated 1818.

(Major) OSBORNE GLYNN. Abbotsfield, Wrexham, N. Wales.

[A painter of this name contributed four portraits in 1819 to the Royal Academy, This appears to be his sole appearance as an exhibitor.]

MOUNTAIN FAMILY. In response to a query inserted in the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography for April (xxx. 251), some documents on this family in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, have been supplied by Mr. O. D. Wilkinson. From them a quotation follows:

"John Dellamano made his will and deceased in ye year 1672 (which will 'tis supposed is at Winchester, where it was proved); he left only a daughter, who was first wife to...... Richard Mountain [of Andover, Hampshire], who made his will ye 5th day of January, 1701, by which will he gave a messuage, ten'm't, lands and premises lying Walters, widow) unto his wife Ann (being his in Andover (which he saith he purchased of Amy second wife by report)......"

It appears that this Richard Mountain had by his first marriage a son Richard Mountain, brewer, of Andover, later of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, who married and had a son Joseph Mountain, cooper, of the latter place.

Can any reader supply particulars of the Mountains in Andover.

EUGENE FAIRFIELD MCPIKE.

1, Park Row, Chicago, U.S.

"DEPLOYMENT."-Can any reader inform me who invented the manoeuvre so called, which means the " unfolding" of columns

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