FIG. 3.

Cyanospora Albicedrae sp. nov.

Stromatibus corticis vel ligni in areis dealbatis in cortice vel lignis ramorum decorticatis. Stromatibus corticis griseis; stromatibus ligni plerumque nigrioribus, saepe atris, lignis corrodatis. Pustulis omnibus plus vel minus lenticularibus, 1-2 mm. longis, plerumque solitariis vel 2-3 coacervatis. Peritheciis 1-3 in quoque stromate, saepius solitariis, 825-1200 X 260-400μ, horizontalibus, elongatis in ipsa via quam axe stromatis, membranis tenuissimis, ligno vel cortice omnino immersis, ostiolo verso, leviter attenuato. Ascis gracilaribus, cylindraceis, 700-1100 X 8-10μ, 6-8-sporis, base attenuata, membrana interna apice incrassata, obtusis. Ascis maturatibus supra basem ruptis liberatisque cum sporis exsertis, omnino strato glutinoso circumdatis. Paraphysibus multis, simplicibus, continuis, Iu diam. Sporidiis numquam rectis, plerumque curvulis vel contortis, pleuriseptatis, 600-1000 X 3, hyalinis vel cyanophyceis, loculis leviter longioribus quam latis.

Hab. In cortice vel decorticato ligno Sabinae sabinoidis viventis.

RELATIONSHIP

This genus is apparently to be referred to the Ceratostomaceae, being perhaps most closely related to Ophioceras, from which it differs in several respects. The most important of these are shown in the following tabulation:

This indicates differences which would seem to be worthy of

generic rank.

SCHOOL OF BOTANY,

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS,

AUSTIN, TEXAS.

Fig. 1. I mm.)

Fig. 2.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXXI (frontispiece)

Nodules from decorticated branches. (Length of entire scale

Nodules as they appear on the bark, showing the difference in size and form as compared with the wood nodules. (To the right of the scale.) Fig. 3. Diagram of a longitudinal section of a nodule, cutting through a perithecium. X 28.

Fig. 4. Diagrammatic longi-section of a nodule and perithecium with the asci and spores extruded.

X 28.

Fig. 5. Upper portion of a spore-sac showing the thickened apical wall and the coiled spores projecting beyond the broken basal end. X 360.

Fig. 6. A single filamentous spore. X 360.

Fig. 7.

A fragment of a spore and paraphysis. X 720.

CULTURES OF UREDINEAE IN 19091

J. C. ARTHUR

The year 1909 marks the beginning of the second decade of culture work by the writer. The present report is preceded by nine other similar reports covering work done between 1899 and 1908 inclusive, each issued annually except the second one, which covered two years. The following account of the work for the year 1909 is divided into a general introductory part, a list of negative results, in which the sowing of the spores did not bring hoped-for infection but the record seemed worth preserving for use in directing future work, and a list of positive results, in which the sowing of spores caused an infection that gave rise to characteristic fruiting bodies. The successful sowings largely belonged to species previously cultivated, and are recorded to verify or amplify existing knowledge. A small number of successful sowings were made with species never before cultivated, and whose alternate forms had never before been associated.

The work of the year was carried on under adverse and trying conditions. A new building for the experiment station was begun in the previous autumn, and was located upon the ground where for many years a great variety of plants has been grown, especially brought together for this work. It was in effect a small botanical garden filled with plants from all over the continent known to serve as hosts for different species of rusts, and from which plants were in large part drawn for the cultures. As many plants as possible were removed to another plot of ground some distance away, but many species were wholly lost. The seedlings of self-sown annuals were especially missed in providing potted plants for the spring's work. The heavy infectional work had only begun in April when it became necessary to abandon the greenhouses where the work was in progress, so they

Read before the Botanical Society of America at the Boston meeting, December 29, 1909.

2 See Bot. Gaz. 29: 268-276, 35: 10-23; Jour. Myc. 8: 51-56, 10: 8-21, 11: 50-67, 12: 11-27, 13: 189–205, 14: 7–26; and Mycol. 1: 225–256.

could be wrecked. The temporary quarters provided in another greenhouse were scarcely in working order before another move was necessary. This time a hastily constructed glass lean-to, placed on the east side of a frame building, was made from the wreckage of the two demolished houses. Good conditions for securing infection could not be uniformly maintained. Not only

was the practical part of the work hampered in this manner, but the time required in designing the botanical rooms and furnishings for the new experiment station, making temporary adjustments in the old quarters, and finally moving into the new building, seriously interfered with the correspondence and the excursions by which material and information are brought together for making cultures of untried species.

The chief excursion of the year was made by Mr. F. D. Kern and the writer to South Carolina, with incidental stops in Tennessee and North Carolina. It occupied a week during the middle of March. The first stop was at Knoxville, Tenn., where Prof. S. M. Bain, of the University of Tennessee, courteously aided us in every way possible. Upon our return journey we spent a day at Asheville, N. C. At both places culture material was secured. The trip was especially planned, however, to visit the localities made famous to mycologists by the very important contributions of H. W. Ravenel.

Mr. Ravenel belonged to a distinguished southern family, whose estate lay some miles north of Charleston on the Santee Canal, a water way long since fallen into disuse. It was here that he obtained the material for the five centuries of his Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccati, issued during the decade preceding the Civil War. Nearly two days were spent most profitably in this locality. Our work was much facilitated by the intelligent interest of Mr. Octavus Cohen of Monks Corners, the nearest railway town, although not himself a botanist. We were desirous, among other things, to rediscover and identify the uncertain rust from the trunks of cedar trees, issued as no. 87 in the fifth century of the Fungi Caroliniani, under the name Gymnosporangium Juniperi. We were not only able to do this, deciding that it belongs to the multiform species, G. nidus-avis, and not to the one whose name it bears, but in addition we found two hith