LESSON 45 (p. 153). — FRUITS

(THE KINDLY FRUITS OF THE Earth).

1. The fruit is the seed-case of the plant some are berries, some pods, some grains.

2. Fruit with a hard pulp, and seed in cells, is a pome, as apple, pear.

3. Fruit with a soft pulp, and one seed in a hard stone, is a drupe, as plum and peach.

4. Fruit with soft pulp, and seeds in the pulp, is a berry, as currants, gooseberry, orange, lemon and grape.

5. Man uses surplus fruits, and by cultivation has vastly improved many.

LESSON 47 (p. 159).—BREADSTUFFS AND

NATIONAL FOODS.

1. Different climates necessitate different kinds of food. 2. In this country wheaten bread is the staple food. 3. In the populous countries of the far East, rice is the chief food of the people.

4. In North America maize is largely grown when boiled it is called mush; split maize is called hominy. 5. Millet, a small white grain, is used largely as human food in Turkey and other hot countries.

6. Oat bread, barley bread, and rye bread are used in colder countries.

7. Tapioca is made from the roots of the mandioc or cassava plant, and sago from the pith of a palm. Dates are eaten in the desert.

LESSON 48 (p. 164). - PLANTS WOVEN INTO FABRICS.

1. Cotton grows in hot countries, as the Southern states of America, India, and Egypt.

2. Raw cotton is the downy covering of the seeds.

3. Cotton is one of the main staples of the United States.

4. Flax is grown in America and England, but more largely in Ireland, where linens of all kinds are made.

5. Hemp is made into cordage and sailcloth.

6. Jute makes the strongest textiles, such as packing-bags and tarpaulin.