could not be exhibited in the picture, as the view was taken from the Navy Yard. The beams of the main deck were broken, and a passage was forced through quite to the ward room, where the officers were at dinner, and splinters and fragments driven in among them.

The bowsprit appears fallen down quite to the water, the whole of that part of the bulwark which supported it being blown away. A part of it is seen floating on the water. A fragment of the fore-yard lies over the starboard bow. The stump of the foremast is seen just above the deck, the mast itself lying over against the main-mast. The main-mast is broken off a few feet above the deck. Aft of this are seen a mingled mass of shattered yards, topmast, mizen-mast, &c. quite concealing the small poop deck. A gun hangs out at one of the starboard pot-holes near the gangway. Four of the larboard guns were blown into the water, but have all been fished up again.

Midshipman Eckford.-This young gentleman was standing in the starboard gangway, and was strangely tumbled to the inside, instead of being blown out upon the platform. He was then caught under one of the beams, where he hung fast by one leg.

The following account of his gallant conduct is given on the authority of the New York American:

While he hung in this painful condition, not a groan, nor a complaint, nor a word of supplication escaped him. His cheek was unblanched, and his features composed, while he held on to the beam with his arms to keep his head up.

Attempts were make to raise the beam; but there was such a mass of materials above, that no muscular force could move it. In this emergency, Commodore Chauncey, with great promptness, ordered the jack-screw to be brought from the shore. This took time, and it was not then the work of a moment to apply it, and bring it into action. An hour went by, ere the youth was extricated; and yet not a single murmur of impatience was heard from his lips. His only words were in direction or encouragement to those who were aiding him-exclaiming, from time to time, "Hurra my hearties!" "There, it moves!" His only reproof was to the sailor who, when the beam was raised, attempted, rather rudely, to withdraw the fractured limb. The sailor supported him while he performed the office himself. The whole number of killed was thirty-three, including lieutenant Breckenbridge and three women. Twenty-nine were reported as wounded, but there were many more who were slightly injured. Nearly every person on board received at least a

scratch.

The greater part of the mischief was done by the force of the fragments and splinters. These were driven into every part of the ship. Capt. Newton, who commanded the ship, employed all the force he could spare, to clear

the wreck and find the bodies of the unfortunate sufferers. Twenty-four were taken out of the ruins at the time, but some of the others were not found till a considerable time after.

One was found horribly mutilated, and drifted ashore on Staten Island. Another got fastened to a beam, and was picked up. Two were picked out of the water near the wreck.

It is believed that the bodies, or parts of the bodies of all the killed, have been found and decently interred, and that all who were on board at the time have been accounted for.

Spirits of Turpentine.

In the 6th number of this Magazine, (page 64th,) we give a letter from a friend, describing the mode in which turpentine, pitch and tar are collected from yellow pine trees, in the southern parts of our country. We copy from the Richmond Herald the following description of Wilmington, N. Carolina, containing an account of distilling turpentine :

Wilmington, the principal seaport of North Carolina, stands on a sand-bank, on the river Cape Fear, about 30 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. A few years since it was nearly consumed by fire. The buildings are mostly new and quite scattered. Its population is about 6000. It has the appearance of being a thrifty and growing place. Its principal exports are turpentine and lumber.

The distillation of turpentine employs a considerable capital. Eight large distilleries are kept in constant operation-one of these using 200 barrels of turpentine a day. A large still, with its appurtenances, costs $2000. Into it from 40 to 50 barrels of turpentine are emptied. The process of distillation does not vary materially from that of rum. The condensing tub is supplied with water from the river, by means of a small wind-mill. The spirit escapes from the worm in a considerable sluice. About six hours are requisite to run off the contents of a large still. The best turpentine yields seven gallons of spirit to the barrel; but the most inferior quality not more than three gallons. Good turpentine costs $2 per barrel, and the spirit sells readily at 33 cents a gallon, and rozin, which is the portion of the turpentine remaining after the extraction of the spirit, at from 75 cents to $1 per barrel. Eight hundred barrels of turpentine are daily distilled in Wilmington-about two thirds of the whole amount brought to this market-yielding not less than 4000 gallons of spirit. This branch of business is prospering. Considerable wealth has been realised by those who first engaged in it, notwithstanding some severe losses have been sustained by fires.

The lumber business is, probably, of greater importance to the place than the turpentine. There are seven, or more, large steam sawmills constantly employed in cutting plank.

The one which I visited cost $14,000, and employs 20 hands. It has two timber frames, and cuts 15,000 feet of plank daily. The average value of the timber needed to furnish this mill is $100. At this time the lumber supplied by these mills meets a ready sale. Several vessels were lying in the river, waiting their turn to be loaded. Some five schooners were at the wharf, receiving freight as the lumber was sawed.

From the Albany Cultivator. Cultivation of Fruit-Mode of Propagation. Strawberries multiply rapidly during their growth, by runners from the parent plant, which, rooting at every joint, form numerous new plants. To form new plantations, these need only to be removed to the bed where they may flourish. This work may be done early in autumn or early in the spring; the former is best. If done in autumn, care should be taken that the plants are not thrown out by frost, especially on heavy soils. This may be prevented by treading the soil closely around the roots before the ground becomes frozen. Such beds will bear some fruit the summer following the transplanting, and will furnish an abundant supply the second season. The alpines produce well in one year.

Soil and Situation.-The best soil for the strawberry is a deep rich loam, though it will suceeed and bear on any soil which is fertile. The situation should be open, and well exposed to light and air. It succeeds very well when planted in single rows as edgings. The alpine and wood strawberries may be placed in a more shady situation than the others; it is during hot and dry seasons of the year that they are intended chiefly for bearing. They are consequently well adapted to edgings for shrubbery. When the soil is rich, the advantages of employing strawberries for edging is great, as they succeed in such soils much better when in single rows than when crowded together in a bed.

General Culture.-A very general error is to plant too near together; especially if the soil be fertile. Thorough culture is by far the best at the same time that it is ultimately the the cheapest method. It is true that on common rich garden soils a bed may be transplanted which will produce fine fruit and good crops with little care after once prepared; we have known beds to yield plentifully almost untouched for years, not even having been weeded, the thick growth of the strawberry keeping down, in a great measure, every thing else. But by the following thorough mode, or one practiced by Keen of Islesworth in England, who first raised the celebrated variety known as Keen's seedling, the greatest amount of fruit may doubtless be obtained for the care and labor expended, while the quality is greatly superior. The soil for this mode of culture should be ploughed or trenched deep, and mixed with decomposed stable manure; if the subsoil be somewhat sterile,

season.

it should not be thrown to the surface. The ground should be prepared at least a month before transplanting. "The best way," says Keen, "to obtain new plants, is, by planting out runners in a nursery, for the express purpose, in the previous season: for it is a very bad plan to supply new plantations with old plants." The distances of the rows asunder are about two feet, and eighteen inches in the row for the large varieties, as Methven and Keen's seeding; the smaller varieties may be a little nearer. This distance may seem too great, but it is necessary for sun, air, and culture. "These large distances," says Keen, "I find necessary; for the trusses of fruit in my garden ground are frequently a foot long. This fact is a sufficient proof of the excellence of his mode of culture." After the beds are planted, I always keep them as clear of weeds as possible, and on no account, allow any crop to be planted between the rows. Upon the growing of the runners, I have cut when necessary; this is usually three times in each In the autumn I always have the rows dug between; for I find it refreshes the plants materially, and I recommend to those persons to whom it may be convenient, to scatter in the spring, very lightly, some loose straw between the rows. It serves to keep the ground moist, enriches the strawberry, and thus, by a little extra trouble and cost, a more abundant crop may be obtained. A short time before the crop ripens, I always cut off the runners, to strengthen the root; and after the fruit is gathered, I have what fresh runners have been made, taken off by a reaping hook, together with the outside leaves around the main plant, after which I rake the beds, then hoe them, and rake them again. In the autumn, unless the plants appear very strong, 1 have some dung dug between the rows, but if they are very luxuriant, the dung is not required; for in some rich soils it would cause the plants to turn nearly all to leaf. I have also to remark, that the dung used for manure, should not be too far spent; fresh dung from the stable is preferable to spit dung, which many persons are so fond of." The writer has found great advantage both as a matter of economy of labor and for the increase of productiveness, to set out strawberries in long rows, about two or two and a half feet apart, and ten inches apart in the rows, so that they may be cultivated with a horse. The difference between suffering a bed to become thickly matted over, and keeping the plants or hills well boed separately, is incredible to one who has not seen it. A half pint of the largest and finest strawberries from one hill is easily thus produced.

The Strawberry, though never delicious from an imperfection of the fructification, contains fertile and barren flowers in most varieties, except the alpines and wood. The barren plants are more vigorous and productive of new plants, and in some cases will overrun and crowd out the fertile ones. Hence the unproductive state of many beds of fine

varieties where this has taken place. A few sterile plants, perhaps one-tenth, are necessary to cause fertility to the others.

THE ENRAGED ELEPHANT.

Speaking of the recent savage performance of the elephant at Baton Rouge, the Advocate says:

It is supposed, that the original cause of the elephant's fury, was a piece of tobacco which had very imprudently been given to him by some of the spectators at the exhibition, on the day previous. The extraordinary sagacity of an animal like the elephant is not to be fearlessly tampered with. And here, we will relate an incident in proof of this well known fact: Some years ago, during our sojourn at Monroe, in this State, a menagerie, having an elephant, (probably the identical one spoken of above,) stopped at the town to exhibit for a few days. One afternoon a young man, a clerk in a store, offered the elephant a piece of tobacco, which, taking with his trunk, he placed in his mouth; but quickly perceiving the imposition to which he had basely been subjected, he grew vehemently enraged, lashed his trunk furiously about, pierced the air with his neighings, and would follow the young man with his eyes, during the rest of the afternoon. That night, about 12 o'clock, he broke loose from his station, and, as if guided by some secret knowledge, made directly for the store, in the back room of which his tormenter slept; and tearing up by the roots several large china trees in front of the building, he then battered down the door, effected his entrance, and rushed into the room where the young man was asleep, giving him barely time to escape with his life. The monstrous midnight invader, after performing sundry works of mischief, left the store, and was finally captured by his keeper.

PERILOUS ADVENTURE IN THE MAMMOTH CAVE-The following incident is related of a party who visited the Mammoth Cave last spring:

"A wedding party went to this cave to spend the honey-moon. While there, they went to visit those beautiful portions of the cave which lie beyond the river 'Jordan.' (This is the subterranean river which flows in utter darkness through a part of the vast cavern.) In order to do this, a person has to sail down the river nearly a mile, before reaching the avenue which leads off from the river to the opposite side, for there is no shore or landing-place between the point that is below on the other, for the river fills the whole width of one avenue of the cave, and

is several feet deep where the side walls descend into the water. This party had ascended the river, visited the cave beyond, and had again embarked on the water for their return homeward. After they had ascended the river about half way, some of the party, who were in high glee, got into a frolic and overturned the boat. Their lights were all extinguished, their matches wet, the boat filled with water and sunk immediately, and there they were, 'in the blackness of darkness,' up to their chins in water.

He

"No doubt they would have all been lost had it not been for the guide's great presence of mind. He charged them to remain perfectly still, for if they moved a single step they might get out of their depth in water, and swimming would not avail them, for they could not see where to swim to. knew that if they could bear the coldness of the water any length of time, they would be. safe, for another guide would be sent from the cave house to see what had become of them. And in this perilous condition, up to their mouths in water, in the midst of darkness more than night, four miles under ground, they remained for upward of five hours, at the end of which time another guide came to their relief. Matthew, or Mat, the guide who rescued them, told me that when he got to where they were, his fellow-guide, Stephen, (the Columbus of the cave,) was swimming around the rest of the party, cheering them, and directing his movements, while swimming, by the sound of their voices, which were raised, one and all, in prayer and supplication for deliverance. •Southern paper.

POWER OF IMAGINATION.-A few years since Elijah Barns, of Pennsylvania, killed a rattlesnake in his field without injury to himself, and immediately after put on his son's waistcoat, mistaking it for his own, both being of one colour. He returned to his house, and on attempting to button his waiscoat, he found to his astonishment that it was much too small. His imagination was now wrought to a high pitch, and he instantly conceived the idea that he had been bitten imperceptibly by the snake, and was thus swollen from the poison. He grew suddenly very ill, and took to his bed. The family, in great alarm and confusion, summoned three physicians, and the usual remedies were prescribed and administered. The patient, however, grew worse and worse every minute, until at length his son came home with his father's waistcoat dangling about him. The mistery was instantly unfolded, and the patient being relieved from his imaginary apprehensions, dismissed his physicians and was restored to his wonted health.-Country paper.

This bird belongs to that class which is distinguished by long legs destitute of feathers, and embraces a considerable variety of size, nature and habits. The length of leg and neck gives many of them an awkwark appearance in flight: but the crane while wading in shallow water, in search of its food, often presents an aspect rather stately and graceful. They are not uncommon on our shores, nor even on some of our inland streams; but they prefer lonely places, and are not familiar to eyes accustomed only to our frequented riversides and groves.

The crane attracted attention from very ancient times, by its orderly movements in migratory flocks. The regularity of its passages from country to country is alluded to in the scriptures, as a proof of the wisdom and power of the Creator, in directing his irrational creatures, and one of the evidences which the revolution of the seasons presents, that we may trust him with confidence, to guide, protect and bless us. Some extravagant tales have been told of the sagacity displayed by the companies of cranes on their annual flights. The following from Harper's Family Library, Vol. 98, is a specimen :

"The sentinels of gregarious birds were observed by the ancients, and legends told of them no less exaggerated than those of our modern crow-courts. 'The cranes,' says Aristotle, as we may translate the passage, have a leader, as well as sentinels placed in their rear rank, so that their alarmcall may be heard." Pliny gives a still more minute detail of their proceedings. Speaking of their migration, he says:

They put not themselves in their journey, nor set forward without a council called before, and a general consent. They fly aloft, because they would have a better prospect to see before them; and for this purpose a captain they chuse to guide them, whom the rest follow. In the rereward behind there be certain of them set and disposed to give signal by their manner of cry, for to range orderly in ranks, and keep close together in array: and this they do by turns, each one his course. They maintain a set watch all night long, and have their sentinels. These stand on one foot, and hold a little stone within the other, which by falling from it if they should chance to sleep, might awaken them, and reprove them for their negligence. Whiles these watch, all the rest sleep, couching their heads under their wings; and one while they rest on one foot, and other whiles they shift to the other. The captain beareth up his head aloft into the air, and giveth signal to the rest what is to be done." "