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We have before mentioned these, as among the many various, delicate and admirable parts of that wonderful little organ. We can now give our readers a general idea of the course taken by the blood, in passing into and throughout.

a is the Carotid artery; b the small, but highly important branch of it called the Ophthalmic artery; and c the optic nerve.

Following the artery b, we see it enter the cavity behind the eyeball, without dividing; but, when it has passed the roots of the muscles, it forms numerous ramifications, of which only a few are here represented.

The Blood Vessels of the Retina. The drawings, of course, are exceedingly imperfect in the details, and necessarily must be so. How much more complex would appear the parts and their arrangements, if we could take into view the various sets or systems of supplying and absorbing vessels, re

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Enlarged View of the Blood Vessels. This cut will illustrate the remarks to be made below, respecting the distinct points at which the optic nerve and the artery are admitted through the choroid coat.

The Choroid is a vascular membrane, lying next outside of the Retina. It prepares the globules of dark paint, with which the eye is lined, for the purpose of absorbing all surplus rays of light, and making the images more distinct. The numerous vessels which compose the Choroid are minutely subdivided, and bear some resemblance to a weeping willow tree. Where they pass out of the eye, in a collected band, they do not interfere with the optic nerve, but have a distinct hole bored

for the purpose, through the white. Otherwise, when swelled, the pressure on the nerve might cause blindness.

JUVENILE DEPARTMENT.

EDWARD AND HIS RABBIT. Edward was very fond of animals, and often said he would like to have a dog. His mother told him she did not wish to have one in the house, but at last told him he might have a rabbit.

The way in which he came to have one offered to him was this. He had a friend named John, who was too or three years older than himself, and he came to see him one day, and said he had a rabbit he might have to keep.

Edward was very glad, and so was his little sister, who stood by, and saw the boys set off with hatchets, to fix up a large box for a cage; and then to bring it home, with some wheat for it to eat. She waited till they came home. She had never seen a rabbit in her life, and did not know exactly how large it was, or what it would do. She had seen a picture of one in a book; but that is not like having a live one to look at and play with.

Edward at last came with his friend, who brought the rabbit in his arms, with one hand holding his long ears. It was black and smooth, and looked very harmless, and seemed to be afraid. He put it down, and it looked about with its two large, round and then jumped this way and that. eyes, The door of the cage was open, and it jumped in, and got up in a dark corner and sat down. Mary did not like to touch it at first; but she soon began to go near, and then gave it some food. The boys now began to talk about feeding it; and she listened to what they said: for she wished to know all about it.

"Now," said John, "you must not give him anything to eat more than three times a day. There are three kinds of food which you had better keep a supply of, and give him a litle of each every day or two. You will want wheat, oats and cabbage leaves. When the grass grows he will help himself to it if you let him out; but you must take care, or he will gnaw the bark off from the trees and bushes, and eat up some of the small plants, and get out and run away if he can.

"He can't get out of this yard," said Edward; there is no hole. "Ah, but he can burrow out quick enough, if you let him," said John. "Burrow! what is that?"

asked Edward. 66 Why, he will dig a hole in the ground under the fence, and get out the other side." "Then he shan't leave his cage," said Edward.

Now the door of the cage was made of iron wire, fastened to a wooden frame; and, when it grew late, the boys shut it up tight. after they had put in a good supply of cabbage leaves and wheat, and then went

away.

One of the first things that Edward thought of in the morning was the rabbit. He took pleasure in showing him to his sisters, and in feeding him. He then opened the cage, to let him run out. When the rabbit saw the door open, out he jumped, and began to put his nose to every thing he saw. This made the children laugh; and they looked at him a while, and then began to follow him, and make him run across the yard.

Once, when they had been playing with the rabbit, their father told them to look and see how he ate. "what "See," said he, long teeth he has got." Then he took hold of the rabbit gently, and pulled his lips a little way open. "There," said he, he has two long teeth above and two below, in front, just fit to bite out little bits from hard things. He can gnaw wood as easily almost as you can eat a hard apple. But he has no more teeth than these, except There he in the back part of his mouth. has some short teeth, nearly flat, which rub against one another, and gring up fine whatever comes between them. Now his under jaw moves backwards and forwards when he eats, which rubs the back teeth upon each other, and grinds up every thing that gets between them. This is all very different from our teeth and jaws, and from the horses, cows, dogs, cats &c. Can you remember one thing?

Animals have teeth fitted to their food.

Their stomachs are also made for their food. Dogs and cats eat meat; and their teeth are long and sharp, to cut or tear it in pieces before they swallow it. Cows, horses and sheep eat grass; and their teeth are nearly flat at the ends, but a little rough, so that they can grind it. We eat meat and vegetables both; and therefore we have both sharp teeth and flat teeth. When we want to bite off a piece of anything, we put it between our front teeth, and press them hard together, by drawing together the muscles here on the lower part of the cheeks, (just put your fingers there and you will feel them move when you bite.) Then, when we want to grind up anything smaller, we push it back with our tongue, and

rub our back teeth, keeping it in its place with the tongue and the cheek. But you must keep watch of the rabbit, for he will sometimes gnaw the bark of the fruit trees, and that will kill them. To understand how that kills them, you must learn about plants."

The children had much amusement with the rabbit, for he was very pretty and playful.

MISCELLANEOUS.

NEW KIND OF METAL.-The Mercurie Segusien (a Lyons paper) speaks of a marvellous invention which has come to light within the walls of St. Etienne-the production of a sort of glass as malleable when cold as while red hot. The Moniteur des Arts says, in reporting it :-"This new metal, which ere long will be of more value than gold, and which the inventor has called Silicon, is of a white color, very sonorous, and as brilliant and transparent as chrystal. It can be obtained, with equal ease, opaque or colored; combines with various substances, and some of these combinations produce shades of extraordinary beauty.It is without smell-very ductile, very malleable; and neither air nor acids affect it. It can be blown like glass, melted, or stretched out into long threads of perfect regulari. ty. It is very hard, very tough, and possesses the qualities of molten steel in the very highest degree, without requiring it to be tempered by the existing process, which, as is well known, offers no certainty-which the result of the new method is sure." A variety of objects have been manufactured with this silicon, which are about to be submitted to public exhibition on the Place of the Hotel de Ville at St. Etienne.

LATER FROM MEXICO.

Previous, and up to the departure of the bark Ann Louisa from Vera Cruz, the Mexican government were making great preparations for war. They had taken all the guns

and munitions of war out of the Castle of St. Juan de Ulloa, fearing, in the event of an attack, they would fall into the hands of the Americans.

Congress have passed the bill permitting the Government to borrow $15,000,000 to carry on the war. This amount they confidently expect to raise in England.

It is the opinion of prominent men at Vera Cruz that Almonte would be elected President, in the event of which they say war will be inevitable.-N. Y. Express.

MARGARET DAVIDSON.

The following beautiful and touching lines were written by Miss Margaret Davidson, of Saratoga, a short time before her death. After she had been informed that a consultation of physicians had pronounced her case to be hopeless, and that she could not live much longer, her mother one day sitting by her side, took her trembling wasted hand and said to her in a low half-stifled voice, “Oh Maggy! shall I never have another line penned by this dear hand ?"

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'Yes, dearest mother," was the reply, "yes you shall have another;" and in a day or so, she handed to her mother the following stanzas, the last she ever wrote:

Oh mother! would the power were mine
To wake the strains thou lov'st to hear,
And breathe each trembling new-born thought,
Within thy fondly list'ning ear,
As when in days of health and glee,
My hopes and fancies wander'd free!

But mother, now a shade hath passed
Athwart my brightest vision here;
A cloud of darkest gloom has wrapt
The remnant of my brief career!
No song-no echo can I win-
The sparkling fount hath dried within!

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the landscape to turn by clock work. The lens in turning, passes over on one side the whole space to be Daguerreotyped, and on the other side moves the refracted luminous cone to the plate, to which the objects are successfully conveyed.-Mechanics' Magazine.

FROM YUCATAN.-The position of Yucatan towards Mexico is like to prove t.oublesome. The central government demands men and money, to prosecute a war against the United States, and the response is, "not one cent.You may have both for the defence of Mexico, if invaded, but no aid whatever from us to prosecute a war against the United States.Express.

DEPARTURE OF THE TROOPS.-Besides the Artillery companies under Major Gally and Capt. Forno, six companies (B, C, F, G, H, and I) of the 7th Infantry, about two hundred muskets, will embark for Texas in the steam ship Alabama to-morrow evening.-N. O. Pic. of Aug. 20.

U. S. TROOPS.-The two companies of U. S. troops recently arrived at Boston from Houlton, Me., and quartered at Fort Warren, have received orders immediately to join the forces in Mexico.

GROWTH OF A MUMMY PEA 2000 OR 3000 YEARS OLD.

In the year 1838, Sir Gardner Wilkinson brought from Egypt a vase of great antiquity, which had been dug out of a mummy pit. This vase was presented to the British Museum and was opened in the of several presence antiquarians; but it contained only a small quantity of dust and a few seeds, among which were peas, vetches, and wheat. Three of the peas were presented to Mr. Grimstone by T. J. Pettigrew, who kept the peas by him until 1844, when, having purchased the Herbary at Highgate, he set them in a pot of composite. The pea soon sprang from its three thousand year trance into vegetable life, but yellow, as if it had been jaundiced with a diseased liver. This yellow appearance, arose, no doubt, from its being confined in a hot frame. When it had attained sufficient height it was carefully transplanted into the open garden; the stalk thrived-blossomed, and, in August last, Mr. Grimstone harvested fifty-five seed from its pods. These fifty-five peas have been planted this year, and all of them have thrown up their stems, their blossoms, and their pods, and again give hope for an abundant increase. This pea has many peculiarities, one of which is, that the pod projects through the blossom, leaving the latter behind it, while the generality of peas push, or rather carry off the blossom at the tip of their pods. Mr. Grimstone was offer

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POETRY.

For the Am. Penny Magazine.

GOD IN ALL.

The thoughtless, weak, and guilty fear
If sudden bursts the thunder round;
Awe-struck an angry God they hear,
When rumbling earthquakes rock the ground.
Then, with religious fear impress't,

And trembling heart, to Him they pray,
Whom they behold in terror drest,

His outstretched, vengeful hand to stay!
But the reflecting mind serene,

The Great Eternal doth adore,
In nature's mild and tranquil scene,
As in the elemental roar.

It views Him in the brightest day,

Guide through the heavens the source of light;

It views Him, when, with silver ray,
The varying moon adorns the night.
It views Him in the morning shower,

As in stern winter's howling storm;
It views Him in the smallest flower,

As a huge rock's tremendous form.
It views Him in the breeze of Spring,
As when the fierce tornados blow;
It views Him in the beetle's wing,
And views Him in the heavenly bow.
It views Him in the rivulet's bed,
Alike as in the stormy main;
And as on Etna's burning head,

It views Him on the flowery plain.
Through animated nature views

With every various form, combined:
But chief when man superior shows,
It views Him in the reasoning mind.
It views, encompass, and pervade
All nature, His eternal powers'
Th' Incomprehensible's display'd
And God unseen, in all adores.

M. A. 1829.

FOREIGN LANGUAGES.

LATIN EXTRACT,

Sketch of the Life of Pliny the Younger Abridged from Cellarius.

VITA.

C. PLINII CAECILII SECVNDI.

Caius Plinius Caecilius Secundus municipio Como, ad Larium lacum in Transpadano sito, ortus fuit.

Mater Plinia, C. Plinii Veronensis, qui Naturalem Historiam reliquit, soror, quae amisso marito, in domo fratris mansit a quo filius adoptatus fuerat, qui ideo in nomen G. Plinii

Secundi successit, quum antea Caecilius esset. Patrem Caecilium mature amisit, educatus cura matris et avunculi, nec non tutoris Verginii Rufi. Studiis impense a puero addictus adeo, ut decimo quarto aetatis anno tragoediam Graecam scriberet, Livium adolescentulus legeret, Ciceronom etiam adultus aemularetur non contentus seculi eloquentia, in cuius studio praeceptore Quintiliano usus est et Nicete Sacerdote ac in philosophia, praeter alios, Euphrate Stoico, quem in Syria miles audivit. Nec alienus a poesi fuit ingenium sortitus hilare ac poëticum cuius tum alia specimina dedit, in epistolis reliqua tum maxime Hendecasyllaborum librum. Sic indole capacissima omnium literarum, et inexhausto labore, id tandem consequutus fuit, ut omnes eruditi illum amarint, eumque ac Tacitum pro doctissimis suorum temporum haberent. Orator clarissimus fuit, ut nemo facile illi praeferatur. Nam undevicesimo anno dicere in foro coepit. Honores gessit amplissimos. Matrimonium bis contraxit. Frugalis et abstineus Plinius fuit ut voluptates etiam studiis condiret et inter venandum studeret. Mitis in servos adeo ut nullos vinctos haberet suisque domum permit teret instar civitatis esse, ac peculium morte ad familiares transmittere. Iustitiam non tam ex legum rigore, quam aequitatis modulo persequebatur redemtoribus remissiones ob sterilitatem faciens. Patriae sumtus partem in praeceptores publicos dedit et ingenuis pueris alimenta annua constituit. Etiam bibliothecam patriae publicam dedicavit. Praeterea in multos privatos admodum liberalis. His moribus omnium bonorum benevolentiam conciliavit, Traiani in primis. Amicitiam cum optimo quoque coluit, etiam periculo suo, maxime cum literatis et studiorum sociis, in quibus Tacitum primo loco, et prope unum habuit. De morte nihil certo constat : simile antem vero habetur, per plurimum imperii Traiani tempus, aut paullo ultra, vitam produxisse.

THE AMERICAN PENNY MAGAZINE
AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER,
Edited by Theodore Dwight, Jr.

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