Semiconductor Materials: An Introduction to Basic PrinciplesThe technological progress is closely related to the developments of various materials and tools made of those materials. Even the different ages have been defined in relation to the materials used. Some of the major attributes of the present-day age (i.e., the electronic materials’ age) are such common tools as computers and fiber-optic telecommunication systems, in which semiconductor materials provide vital components for various mic- electronic and optoelectronic devices in applications such as computing, memory storage, and communication. The field of semiconductors encompasses a variety of disciplines. This book is not intended to provide a comprehensive description of a wide range of semiconductor properties or of a continually increasing number of the semiconductor device applications. Rather, the main purpose of this book is to provide an introductory perspective on the basic principles of semiconductor materials and their applications that are described in a relatively concise format in a single volume. Thus, this book should especially be suitable as an introductory text for a single course on semiconductor materials that may be taken by both undergraduate and graduate engineering students. This book should also be useful, as a concise reference on semiconductor materials, for researchers working in a wide variety of fields in physical and engineering sciences. |
Contents
| 2 | |
Band Theory of Solids | 33 |
Basic Properties of Semiconductors | 59 |
2 1 5 2 2 5 2 3 The pn Junction Schottky Barrier Heterojunctions Transistors 5 3 1 5 3 2 Bipolar Junction Transistors Field Effect Transistors Integrat... | 142 |
Amorphous Semiconductors | 154 |
6 10 6 11 6 12 6 13 Organic Semiconductors Lowdimensional Semiconductors Choices of Semiconductors for Specific Applications Summary | 158 |
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acceptor analysis atoms band edges beam Bibliography Section bonding carrier concentration characterization charge carriers circuit conduction band constant corresponding crystal structure crystalline defects density depends depletion region device applications diffusion diode dislocations donor dopant doping concentration effective mass electric field electron–hole pairs electronic band structure electronic devices electrons and holes emission employed energy band energy gap energy levels energy-gap semiconductors equilibrium excitation excitons Fermi level GaAs grain boundaries heterojunction III–V important impurities interaction interface intrinsic intrinsic semiconductor ionized luminescence material measurements microscopy minority carriers nonradiative Note optical optoelectronic optoelectronic devices p-type semiconductor p–n junction photon potential properties of semiconductors quantum radiative range reciprocal lattice recombination centers referred sample scanning scattering Schrödinger equation semiconductor devices solar cells solid specific spectral spectroscopy substrate surface techniques temperature thermal transistors transitions tunneling types typically unit cell valence band various vector voltage wavelength whereas