Examined a beaver dam, which contained about 30 acres. The dam is between 20 and 30 rods long-in some places 3 feet high, and has the appearance of a dike. It is grown over with grass and is tight where the Indians have not opened it. Among many smaller ones, I found one tree fallen by the beavers across their dam, measuring 4 feet in circumference; but in general the trees they cut are from an inch and half to 5 and 6 inches over.

The town of Watertown, or Rutland, has increased rapidly from ye first settlement; 2 years since there were but 7 familiesthere are now 150 families-160 in the train band-are scattered over almost the whole town, of 6 by 9 miles. There are 3 worshiping assemblies on the Sabbath.

9th-Rode 1 mile to the North to visit a poor and distressed family--and baptised 5 children, the mother being a member of the chh. at Paris,-viz: Joseph, Thomas, Mathus, Hendon, Chancy, Eunice, Loisa,--children of Mr Sol. Tuttle and Sarah his wife. This town is on rather elevated land-the headwaters of several small branches of Sandy Creek, are found here. Crops look well. Soil, a black loam.

Champion, or No. 4, 8 miles to the N. East-at Henry Mosley's. Here I am happy to find old acquaintances, and old fashioned cookery-and things comfortable and convenient. This town is some part of it on elevated ground. It lies in the great bend of the Black river-4 miles from the river-good miles; 80 families. Saw Lucy Mosley, from Westfield (and Ben Buck). The people appear to be happy-visited a Mr Peirce, who married a Vanduzen-and also a Capta Hubbard, all from Middletown.

Monday morning.-Capt. Mosley and 5 others rode out with me to see a great curiosity, 6 miles from Champion, in ye corner of No 5. It is a gulf in Deer River. We walked ths of a mile from the road, on the rocks on the bed of the river. The rocks are limestones, and smooth, with here and there a large crack. The river has worn the rock on an average about 20 feet deepand bed of the river is about 9 or 10 rods wide. At present there is on cach side of the stream about 3 rods of fine walking -when we come to the falls, the most sublime prospect presents

which is conceivable. The ground above has the same appearance with the general form of the country, and is level. The water passes down into a gulf 155 feet. The top of the gulf from rock to rock is, as near as I could judge, 12 rods; at the bottom, it is on an average 8 or 9. For the first hundred feet the rocks are perpendicular-and then there lies fragments of rocks and stones-so that where the water passes, when it has come to the bottom of the fall, it is about 4 rods wide. Upon ye side of ye place where the water passes over, M Mosley went to the edge, and let down a cord, with a stone, when I was at the bottom. The cord hung perpendicular, and I was then 24 feet from the base of the rock. The cord measured 155 by a square. 15 rods below the falls, the perpendicular rock is about 40 feet higher than where we measured. At the bottom where the water strikes, it is 120 feet wide. About 25 rods below this, there is a place where it is possible for people to get down; but extremely steep, and something dangerous; but we passed down without injury. At ye bottom of ye river there is ye same rock -which rock extends all over this county; how deep, no one can tell. The rock is a great curiosity; it is all a limestone, and is filled with every kind of sea-shells, petrified. I knocked out of ye solid rock, 155 feet below the surface of the earth, various shells, which may now be seen. This gulf is without any doubt all made from ths of a mile below by the wearing of the water, which makes the curiosity of the shells vastly greater. And, indeed, this whole rock, which is certainly 155 feet deep, and which extends to Sandy Creek-and perhaps 50 or 100 miles round in all directions, made up of sea-shells of every kind,―as cockles, clams, oysters, and a thousand others. At Zadock Bush's.

14th.-Rode about 2 miles to another gulf upon a small creek in Lowville. The fall is about 70 feet, among clay rocks. These rocks are singular. They appear to be laid up in the most exact and curious manner. The stones in some places in courses of 4 feet wide, are an inch, and half inch square at the ends, and may be taken out about 8 inches long, in ye shape of honesand they are said indeed to be most excellent hones; others are 2, 3, and 4 feet wide, and from 6 to 12 inches thick. At the

bottom of this rock may also be found intermingled with it, seashells, 60 feet below the top of ye rock.

16th At Capt. Clap's. Rode to see ye high falls of ye Black river. The fall is about 60 feet, not perpendicular. From the top to the bottom it is an inclined plane of 45 degrees. It is from below a most sublime prospect. These falls may be seen in the drawing. [Too much defaced to be reproduced.]

17th-Rode a mile to see a gulf upon a very small stream. When we come to the highlands, we enter into a valley, or gulf, about on an average 4 rods wide: the hills from 50 to 140 feet high. We travel about 2 miles and with these appearances; and then come perpendicular rocks, which appear to be laid up like ye most exact hewn stone of different widths, and lengthsand perfectly square. until they are within 9 feet of each other, both at top and bottom. The gulf, or walls, are here 100 feet perpendicular. We are now 30 rods from the fall, which is about 50 feet; but ye bottom of ye gulf being filled with water, I could proceed no farther. I could look up into this awful place about 10 rods before there was any bend in the gulf-and then it appeared to be a right angle. Those rocks for about thirteen rods, appear to be laid up with hewn stones, entirely perpendicular, and more perfect than is in the power of man. Such a place as this baffles all description. The stones are in general from one to 4 feet wide in front, and from 3 to 10 inches thick. From the bottom layers of these perpendicular walls, I knocked off pieces of the stones containing sea-shells of various kinds-and there is every appearance that the whole of those rocks are composed of shells. These are not lime-stones in general; but of a consistency between clay and flint, and are exceeding hard and thick, I think that the philosopher and the historian will be puzzled to account for those facts. Surely they open a wide field for contemplation, and conjecture. In examining the above gulf, I was happy in having the company and assistance of Major Bush and Capt. Clap. Capt. Clap has been in town 2 or 3 years; Major Bush is now making preparations to remove his family next winter. Before I saw the country, I wondered that men so happily situated as they were, should remove in this wilderness; but my

These works become nigher together