An Elementary Manual of Chemistry |
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Common terms and phrases
acetate alcohol alkali aluminum ammonia ammonium anhydride antimony atomic weights atoms of hydrogen boiling bottle bromine burning calcium called caoutchouc carbon dioxide carbonic acid caustic charcoal chemical chloride colorless combination combustion composition compounds contains copper cork crucibles crystals decomposed delivery tube dilute dissolves distillation elements ferric ferrous filter flame flask formula gases H₂O heat hydrochloric acid hydrogen sulphide hydroxide ignition tube insoluble iodine iron known lamp lead lime liquid magnesium melted mercury metal mixture molecule monoxide nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained occurs ordinary temperature oxalic acid oxide oxygen phosphorus platinum porcelain portion potassium potassium chlorate potassium hydroxide powder precipitate prepared produced properties quantity reaction readily salt set free silicate silver soda sodium carbonate sodium hydroxide soluble in water solution starch substance sugar sulphate sulphuric acid test tube tion vapor volatile wire zinc
Popular passages
Page 3 - Chemistry" of Eliot and Storer, and the " Elementary Manual of Chemistry " of Eliot, Storer and Nichols. It is in fact the last named book thoroughly revised, rewritten and enlarged to represent the present condition of chemical knowledge and to meet the demands of American teachers for a class book on Chemistry, at once scientific in statement and clear in method. The purpose of the book is to facilitate the study and...
Page 386 - If it is desirable that the finer tube should have thicker walls in proportion to its bore than the original tube, it is only necessary to keep the heated portion soft for two or three minutes before drawing out the tube, pressing the parts slightly together the while. By this process the glass will be thickened at the hot ring. To obtain a tube closed at one end, it is best to take a piece of tubing, open at both ends, and long enough to make two closed tubes.
Page 185 - ... marsh-gas into it, until a little more than one-third of the water is displaced ; cover the bottle with a thick towel to exclude the light, and then fill the rest of the bottle with chlorine. Cork the bottle tightly, and shake it vigorously, in order to mix the gases together, keeping the bottle always covered with the towel. Finally, open the bottle and apply a light to the mixture. Ignition takes place, chlorhydric acid...
Page 379 - ... the eighth element starting from a given one is a kind of repetition of the first, like the eighth note of an octave in music.
Page 115 - Equal volumes of all gases, under like conditions of temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules.
Page 82 - ... of starch which has previously been reduced to the consistence of cream by rubbing it in a mortar with a few drops of water. Pour 3 or 4 drops of the paste into 10 cc of water in a test-tube and shake the mixture so that the paste may be equably diffused through the water ; then add a drop of an aqueous solution of iodine, and observe the beautiful blue color which the solution assumes. If the solution be heated the blue coloration will disappear, but it reappears when the liquid is allowed to...
Page 18 - ... thereby will cause the air within the bottle to expand to such an extent that a few bubbles of the air will be expelled ; but after several seconds water will rise into the bottle to take the place of the oxygen which has united with the phosphorus. The dense white cloud, which fills the bottle at first, is a compound of phosphorus and oxygen which is soluble in water. It will, therefore, soon be absorbed by the water in the pan, and will disappear, so that at the close of the experiment nearly...
Page 386 - ... pull the parts asunder by a cautious movement of the hands. The larger the heated portion of glass, the longer will be the tube thus formed. Its length and fineness also increase with the rapidity of motion of the hands. If it is desirable that the finer tube should have thicker...
Page 372 - ... beautiful color and lustre of the metal, and its comparative rarity, its principal uses depend. On account of this indestructibility, gold was regarded by the earlier chemists as the king of metals; together with platinum and silver, it is still spoken of as a noble metal. Few chemical agents, excepting melted metals, have any action upon gold. None of the common acids, when taken singly, can dissolve it, though the metal is completely soluble in a mixture of chlorhydric and nitric acids (§...
Page 372 - ... of the other metals; but its most important alloys are those of copper, silver, and mercury. Pure gold is so soft that articles of jewelry made of it would quickly wear out if used; such articles, as well as coins and watches, are therefore always made of gold which has been alloyed with copper, in order to increase its hardness. The standard alloy for coin in this country and in France is nine parts by weight of gold to one part of copper ; in England it is eleven parts of gold to one of copper....