CONJUGATIONS OF VERBS IN 2. § 45. THERE are Five Conjugations of Verbs in are distinguished by their characteristic letter. ω, which The characteristic letter is that which precedes o in the present tense; but if πr precede ω, π is the characteristic. The three first Conjugations have Mutes as their characteristics. The Fourth has Liquids, λ μ ν ρ. The Fifth Conjugation is of two kinds; viz. 1. Contracted Verbs, which have a, e, o as their characteristics; 2. Uncontracted Verbs, which have for their characteristic any other vowel or diphthong. § 46. A VIEW OF THE PRIMARY TENSES IN EACH άω. τιμάω - I honour τιμήσω τετίμηκα τετίμημαι Verbs which have a mute characteristic are called Mutes; those which have a liquid, Liquids. Verbs which have a vowel or diphthong as their characteristic are called Pure; all others, i. e. all which have a consonant, being Impure. § 47. EXCEPTIONS. (α) In the First Conjugation The verb πίπτω, I fall (by syncope for πιπέτω, from the root *πέτω, with the syllable πι prefixed), is of the same conjugation as its root. (6) In the Second Conjugation Some verbs in σσω, ττω, though they have the characteristics of the Second Conjugation, nevertheless belong to the third : as ἐρέσσω I row, -έσω, ἤρεκα, (c) In the Third Conjugation 1. Some verbs in (especially verbs which signify the uttering of sounds, and are mostly Poetic), although they terminate with, a characteristic of the Third Conjugation, belong to the second, the being compounded of y or x; and all verbs in Doric Greek ending in ( are conjugated with έ: as aláłw I mourn, -¿w. 2. A few verbs in g belong to both Conjugations, according as the is made up sometimes with 8, sometimes. with y or x: as vuorágw I am sleepy, Fut. -ow and -è̟w. (d) In the Fifth Conjugation 1. Some verbs in áw, and nearly all those which have a vowel or p before áw, are not conjugated with ŋ, but with ā long: as ἀντάω I vex, -άσω; δράω I do, δράσω; πορπάω Ι buckle, -ãow. There are also some other verbs in áw which keep ǎ short, as χαλάω I loose, -άσω. 2. Some verbs in éo keep the vowel short in all the tenses, 25 τελέω 1 perform, τελέσω, τετέλεκα, τετέλεσμαι, ἐτελέσθην. η There are some verbs which have both forms, in ŋ and ‹, the latter commonly in Attic, and the former in Ionic Greek: as δέω I bind, δήσω, ἔδησα, but δώδεκα, δέδεμαι, ἐδέθην. Five dissyllables in é are conjugated like verbs in euw: as θέω I run, θεύσομαι; νέω I swim, νεύσομαι; πλέω 1 sail, πλεύσομαι; πνέω I breathe, πνεύσω; ῥέω Ι ποω, ρεύσομαι. The Verb χέω I pour, makes its Future χέω, Perf. κέχυκα. |