among them.”

of allah! encouraging the Mussulmen, erects intrenchments, which the last has and causing dismay among the Christians; only to man in occupying its camp. add to that, the cutting off of heads, and " Let it be forbidden in the army to the whole is, I think, terrifick enough. pronounce the word Neboïssé, which How in the name of wonder, could my

means do not be afraid; and which the father and three uncles, who fought Turks, who are by no means jocose, against the Turks, say, that their order

pronounce in cutting off a head. I have of march resembled the flight of geese, remarked, that this word has an astonishthat it was shaped like a pig's head, ing effect on Christians. Let the soldier or like the cuneus of the ancients? thus

be told beforehand of the yells of the infidels, of their ridiculous prancing, which is useless against us, and hurtful to them. With my regulations, we might easily suffer ourselves to be surrounded by those clouds of spahis [horse soldiers] who buzz about like wasps.

“ Coolness is necessary when in preI have seen nothing which could in- sence of any troops in the world; but duce the idea that the like ever existed

more especially when before these people;

for when the head of an opponent is moIn the next letter addressed to the rally gone, it is soon physically gone also. same gentleman, also dated from Whatever has been said of their opium, Oczakow, 1st September 1788, the and of the fury it excites, is an idle tale. prince de Ligne enters into some

Officers may, perhaps, use it, sometimes,

but it is too dear for the common Turk; further details on the same subject; and I have never seen one who had taken to which he adds his sentiments on

any. the means of enabling the Christians “ The mein and dress of the haughty to fight the infidels on better terms. Ottoman are more dignified than the awk. This last part has been a good deal ward air, and very often hang dog looks abridged by the editor, through fear of Christians. The Turks are, `at the of mistakes. And we shall omit it

same time, the most dangerous, and the

most contemptible enemy in the world. altogether, when not intimately con

Dangerous when they attack; contemptinected with our object, which is to ble, when they are anticipated. O:1 heights, convey information on the mode of and in woods, they have had, till now, Turkish warfare.

the advantage over us; because they run “ They run, they climb, they leap, to the attack with confidence, knowing

, because they are lightly clad, and lightly that we have none ourselves when we are ármed. The weight carried by the stupid thus situated. They have two excellent Christians, reduces them to the bare pow

customs : one is, to get the intrenchments er of moving. I had been told that the of their camps raised by the spahis, as I Turks fought with their arms naked, to

mentioned before : and the other is, to have a free use of them, and to cut off dig holes in the ground, or within an in. heads more dexterously. But this may

trenchment, to shelter themselves from be more naturally accounted for. They

cannon balls. Every man has his hole, wear neither shirts nor stockings. They where he remains till the firing is over. are often even without shoes ; and except “ It is impossible to say positively, which a small waistcoat, and large drawers, is infantry and which is cavalry. The they are quite naked, no doubt, to be more spahi who has lost his horse, runs and active in the warm countries, where they mixes with the infantry; and the foot solcarry on war. Nevertheless, as they are dier who has either won, or taken, or not famous for foresight, they are not bought a horse, finds his rank among the otherwise clad in the coldest weather, spahis. In consequence, these last are when they are shut up in their towns, or excellent marksmen; and whenever theg during a winter campaign.

can fire with effect, they use their mus“ Let us have tents as well contrived kets a great deal; but they do not set as those of the Mussulmen; the same about it like our Christian cavalry, which faith, if possible, in predestination ; and is always in the wrong, when it has relet us try to give the same tools to caval- course to that weapon. The spahi alights ry, which moving faster than infantry, nimbly from his horse, fires his piece

;

and springs again on horseback with great tacking the boats on the Danube, and agility.

celebrating their festivals, by firing "The reason why we often witness deeds their great guns with balls, which of heroick bravery from the Mussulman, is, because he never fights, but when he reached the Austrian camp. The has a mind to it. It is only when in good prince de Ligne was not behindhand health, in good huinour, and after having in this kind of merriment, which taken his coffee, that he prepares his was considered by the Turks as a arms for battle. He even waits often for matter of course ; and the death of a a fine day, and for a vivifying sun. In the beginning of the siege, I used to get

few spectators killed in these delightup at break of day; which, in our Euro- ful feux de joie, did not occasion the pean armies is often the time chosen for smallest complaint. enterprises. Now, I rest at my ease. The The following is a letter from the beautiful horses and the striking colours ish manners and scenery. fashionables, easily distinguished by their prince giving a lively picture of Turkof their dresses, never issue out before ten, to engage in battle. During the

Parthenizza. whole siege, the Turks only undertook “ From the silver shores of the Black one trifling operation by night ; and then, Sea-from the banks of the largest rivulet probably, because they wanted a gene- which receives all the torrents of Fezetral's head, which they accordingly took terdan :- from under the shade of the from M. Maximovitz.

two largest walnut-trees in existence, and “ Their artillery, in sieges, is worked by which certainly are coeval with the world: the first soldiers who get up, and who go from the foot of a rock, near which and fire their pieces by way of amuse- still stands a column, the melancholy rement. The Turks, owing to their instinct, main of the temple of Diana, celebrated which is often preferable to the boasted for the sacrifice of Iphigenia :—from the systematick sense of the Christians, are left side of the rock from which Thoas extremely handy, and capable of perform- precipitated strangers into the sea ; in ing the operations of war in all its branches; short-from the finest and most interesting but, the first impulse only is in their fa- spot of the whole world, am I writing vour: they are not susceptible of a

this letter to you. cond thought. And after that lucid mo. " I am seated on Turkish cushions, and inent, of which they make a tolerably fair on Turkish carpets; surrounded by Tarand proper use, they become a compound tars, who gaze on me, while writing, and of childhood and madness.

lift their eyes in adıniration, as if I were “ Their religious phrenzy increases in a second Mahomed. proportion to danger. Their eries of Hechter My eye reaches the happy shores of Allah! (that is, one only God!] augment ancient Idalia, and the coast of Natolia ; daily, and the besiegers are sure not to the blossoms of the fig, the palm, the be heard, whatever noise they make in olive, the cherry and the apricot trees, opening the trenches. They are never perfume the air with their fragrance, and disturbed the first night, which surely is shelter me from the rays of the sun ; the the most interesting.”

surge rolls diamond pebbles at my feet. The prince de Ligne had after. On turning myself round, I discern through wards the command of an

the foliage, the shelving habitations of the

army kind of savages around me, who are deep. against these very Turks, which he ly engaged in smoking on their flat roofs, had so accurately observed. And he which they use as drawing rooms. I perhad a considerable share in retriev- ceive their cemetery, which, owing to the ing the honour of the Austrian arms, situation always chosen by Mussulmen for and in conquering Belgrade. His that purpose, presents an idea of the Elycorrespondence during that cam

sian fields. This cemetery is on the banks

of the rivulet I mentioned before ; but on paign, contains some curious specić the very spot where its stream is the most mens of official communications, be- impeded by pebbles; this rivulet widens tween the commanders of the hostile a little half way down the sloping hill, armies during a kind of armistice, and then flows gently by the roots of fruit which did not prevent the Turks trees, which lend their hospitable shade fron now and then cutting off a departed is marked by tombstones crown.

to the dead. The peaceful abode of the füvv heads in the Austrian lines, at- ed with turbans, some of which are gilt;

se

and by a kind of cinerary urns, of marble, intentions of a prince, whose genius is but of rude workmanship. The variety of equally active and fruitful. this mortuary scene, while it excites con- « Sent to the court of France at the most templation, disinclines me from writingbrilliant age, and on the most brilliant 1 stretch on my cushions, and indulge in occasion, with the news of a victory, I meditation.

intended never to visit it again. Chance “No, all that passes in my soul cannot be brings the count d'Artois into a garrison, conceived. I feel a new existence. Es. near another where I was inspecting some caped from grandeurs, from the tumult of troops. festivity, from the fatigue of pleasure, and

• There I went with about thirty of my from their two imperial majesties of the Austrian officers, fine looking men. He west and the north, whom I have left on took notice of us ; called me; and beginthe other side of the mountains, I at last ning as a king's brother, he ended as if enjoy myself. I ask, where I am ?--by he had been my own. We drank, played, what chance I find myself here? and, and laughed. Tasting freedom for the without intending it, I review all the in- first time, he was at a loss how to enjoy consequences of my life.

it. I was charmed by that first effusion I perceive, that unable to enjoy happie of gayety, and by the sprightliness of ness but in tranquillity and independence, youth. I could not resist that ingenuousboth of which are within my reach, and ness, and that good nature which mark naturally inclined to laziness of body and his character. I must, he said, visit him of mind, I harass the one in wars, in in- at Versailles. I answered, that I should spection of troops, or in journeys, and I see him when he visited Paris; he insistexhaust the other, to please those who ed; and spoke of me to the queen, who very often are not worth the expense. ordered me to attend. The beauties of Naturally gay enough for my own satisfac- her countenance, and of her mind, both tion, I fatigue myself to enliven those who equally fair and equally unspotted, the are dull. if for an instant I am occupied charms of her society, quickly induced with a hundred things which cross my me to spend five months in every year, at mind together, they tell me, you are sad: Versailles, almost without quitting it for it is enough to make one so; or, you are a moment. The love of pleasure first tired : it is enough to make me tiresome. brought me to Versailles : gratitude in

“ I ask myself, how it came to pass, that duced me to return thither. disliking restraint, and not being fond of “Prince Henry, of Prussia, was visiting honours, riches, or favours; being duly the scenes of war. Our pursuits in phiqualified to attach no importance to those losophy, and in military affairs, were the things-nevertheless, I have spent my same; this was the first link; I followed life at court in all the countries of Eu- in his suite, and soon had the happiness Hope,

to find that my company was agreeable “I recollect, that some marks of a kind to him. This brought marks of favour of paternal goodness from the emperour from him, and a redoubled assiduity from Francis I. who was fond of very giddy me. Then followed a long.correspondence, young men, first attached me to him ; and a rendezvous at Spa, and at Reins. that being beloved afterwards by one of berg. bis female friends, I was long detained at A

camp of the emperour in Moravia court; for having, as a matter of course, attracted thither the then king of Prussia, bost the affections of that charming lady, and his present majesty. The first soon I retained those of our sovereign. At his perceived my enthusiastick admiration for death, I thought myself, though very great men, and induced me to visit Beryoung, a courtier of the old court; and lin. Connexions with him, the marks of I was just ready to criticise the new one favour and esteem I reccived from that without being acquainted with it, when I first of heroes, intoxicated me with glory: perceived that the young emperour knew His nephew, the prince royal, went to likewise how to be amiable ; and that he Strasburgh. We had been connected, possessed qualities which make his es. though at a distance, by some little offices teem more courted than his favour! in a love affair; by some little money, and

Having ascertained that he disliked some friendly services he had required of showing marked preferences, nothing pre- me confidentially, for the object of his vented me from indulging my inclination regard. So far from home, strangers soon for his person; while I blamed his too grow intimate, notwithstanding the dif. great haste in his operations, I could not ference of interests, of rank, and of party. avoid admiring by far the greater part of withdrew from the tender sentiments of tbem ;, and I shall always praise the good two other northern kings. The one, i

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