Disease Management in Cocoa: Comparative epidemiology of witches’ broom

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Springer Science & Business Media, Dec 6, 2012 - Medical - 249 pages
The Monograph deals with the conception, planning, implementation, results and conclusions of the International Witches' Broom Project (IWBP), which was set up in 1985 with the aim of producing an economic management system for witches' broom disease of cocoa. The contributions of the various sponsors, and the roles played by the participating organizations and scientists are described in the introductory chapter. Chapter 2 provides a review of what was, and what was not known from published literature about the cocoa witches' broom pathosystem in 1989. The scope of the project and the approaches used are covered in Chapter 3, while Chapters 4 to 13 report on the field studies themselves in detail. The recent appearance of witches' broom in the important cocoa area of Bahia in Brazil is described in Chapter 14, before disease management recommendations are summarised and future prospects considered in the closing chapters. The many man-years of field research in the IWBP in a total of six countries generated much useful information which was analyzed both in the individual countries and collectively. Even with a document of this size, certain information and analyses with less direct relevance to disease management had to be omitted. It is expected that more detailed treatments of certain aspects will emerge in scientific papers, and further analyses will be undertaken.

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Contents

Introduction to the international witches broom project
1
The pathosystem
11
The IWBP studies
21
introduction
25
Brazil
38
Comparative analysis and discussion
49
Colombia Caldas and Llanos Orientales
58
Ecuador
73
Infection efficiency
147
Disease management implications
154
Implications for disease management
163
Summary of results of sanitation
182
94
184
Witches broom in Bahia Brazil
189
101
190
recommendations
201

Conclusions and disease management implications
91
Grenada
98
Trinidad
114
Venezuela
119
Conclusions
129
Basidiocarp production
135
Phenology of susceptible host tissue
141
Future prospects for improvements in disease management
213
IWBP committees
221
IWBP experimental protocols
229
References
235
Index
243
102
244
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