universities, professors of education, professors of physiology and hygiene in medical schools and universities, anthropologists, practicing physicians, school superintendents and principals, and professors of physical training from all parts of the country.

XVI. INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION RELATIONS.

THE RHODES SCHOLARSHIPS-CONCESSION AS TO QUALIFYING EXAMINATION IN GREEK.

[Copy of letter sent to members of the American committees of selection.]

SEYMOUR HOUSE, WATERLOO PLACE,

London, S. W., February, 1909.

DEAR SIR: As you are aware, the University of Oxford exacts a certain minimum of Greek of all members of the university who intend to proceed to the ordinary degree.

Greek has therefore formed one of the subjects for the examination, accepted as exempting from responsions, which candidates for the Rhodes scholarships are required by the trustees to pass in order to become eligible. There is no immediate probability that the demand of the university in this particular will be changed. It has, however, been frequently pointed out that even the small amount of Greek required for this qualifying examination prevents a proportion of otherwise desirable candidates in the United States from competing for the Rhodes scholarships. It is also claimed that some such students, who are unwilling to prepare the required Greek on the mere chance of getting a scholarship, would willingly do so when once the scholarship had been definitely awarded to them.

The trustees are anxious, as far as possible, to bring the scholarships within the reach of every student of marked ability. They have accordingly decided that any candidate from the United States who has passed the qualifying examination in Latin and mathematics shall be eligible, even though he may not have passed in Greek. It must be distinctly understood, however, that Oxford University has not changed its requirements. Responsions, or its equivalent (and in either case Greek is a necessary subject), must still be passed by all who wish to follow the ordinary curriculum.

American students who pass the Rhodes qualifying examination in all three subjects (Latin, Greek, and mathematics) will be in the future, as heretofore, exempt from responsions. Those, however, who qualify in Latin and mathematics only will be obliged to satisfy the

Oxford responsions examiners in Greek before they can offer themselves for any examination which presupposes responsions.

Moreover, it may be taken as certain that the Oxford colleges which accept scholars so selected will expect them to pass the Greek of responsions on coming into residence. A responsions examination is held at Oxford toward the end of September in each year. Rhodes scholars, therefore, who have not passed the qualifying examination in Greek should be prepared to come to Oxford in time for this examination. As it is expected that hereafter the election of scholars will be completed by the end of December in each year, a scholar-elect will have nine months in which to master the amount of Greek required. Experience has shown that this allows ample time for a student of ability.

This concession is made to meet exceptional cases, but the trustees hope that the great majority of candidates will still pass the qualifying examination as heretofore in all three subjects, since thus the scholar will have no further trouble with Greek, but will be at liberty to devote the nine months subsequent to his election to subjects more germane to the line of study which he proposes to follow at Oxford. Believe me, yours, very truly,

GEO. R. PARKIN.

OXFORD LEGISLATION REGARDING COLUMBIA STUDENTS.

In a meeting of the convocation of Oxford University held on May 12, 1908, the following decree with reference to students of Columbia University was promulgated:

1. That any member of Columbia University, New York, who, having satisfied the examiners in elementary Greek for admission, shall also have either received the grade of B or higher for courses in Greek aggregating at least six points, or received the grade of C or higher for courses in Greek aggregating at least ten points, shall be deemed to have shown a sufficient knowledge of Greek as required by the provisions of Statute II, section 9, "On students from foreign universities" (cl. 11).

2. That any member of Columbia University, New York, who shall have pursued at that university a course of study extending over two years at the least, and shall have completed at least 72 points toward the degree of bachelor of arts or bachelor of science, including all the prescribed subjects, and shall have received throughout the grade of C or higher, shall be eligible for admission to the status and privileges of a foreign junior student.

3. That any member of Columbia University, New York, who shall have pursued at that university a course of study extending over three years at the least, and who shall have completed at least 94 points toward the degree of bachelor of arts or bachelor of science, including all prescribed work, and shall have obtained either (a) third year or final general honors, or (b) the degree of bachelor of arts or bachelor of science with final departmental or divisional honors, shall be eligible for admission to the status and privileges of a foreign senior student.

AMERICAN-SCANDINAVIAN SOCIETY.

On November 21, 1908, there was formed in New York City the American-Scandinavian Society. Its object is to encourage and organize cultural intercourse between the United States and Scandinavia, especially by facilitating and promoting the following two forms of intercourse:

1. Mutual visits of lecturers on scientific, professional, social, and other questions. The lecturers may be professors, teachers, or others.

2. Mutual visits of students, the word "student" being used in its widest sense. These students may themselves be teachers, who may study educational features, and take certain courses at the universities or technical institutes; for Scandinavians visiting this country a study of the English language will always be one of the objects of their visit. The students may also be undergraduates or graduates from colleges or technical schools, completing their education by a course at the foreign institution of learning. Finally, the students may be young men wishing to study industry, art, commerce, agriculture, or some profession.

UNITED STATES UNIVERSITIES CLUB, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.

The Bureau of Education has received information, through the Secretary of State, that a social club with the title "The United States Universities Club" was organized in Buenos Aires on August 4, 1909, at the American legation. There were enrolled 130 members, of whom 66 were present, representing 39 colleges and universities in the United States, but the membership includes Argentines as well as North Americans. Hon. Charles H. Sherril (Yale '89), the American minister to Argentina, was elected president of the club and Mr. Charles Lyon Chandler (Harvard '05), secretary.

In his address upon this occasion Mr. Sherril spoke of the great esteem felt among American university graduates for the name of the Argentine President, Sarmiento, because of his great service to education in Argentine Republic, but especially because of his admiration of the United States and the North American system of education, which led him to bring American teachers to his own country to establish a similar system there. The club was really founded, Mr. Sherril stated, in memory of President Sarmiento. In his letter to the Secretary of State, Minister Sherril expresses the hope that the club will be a factor in increasing the sympathetic understanding between Argentine Republic and the United States, and comments upon the cordial manner in which the Argentine young men received the plan and purposes of the club and their activity as members.

The North American universities and colleges mentioned as being represented were the following: Harvard, Yale, Cornell, Columbia, Pennsylvania, Dartmouth, Williams, Brown, United States Naval

Academy, Holy Cross, Pennsylvania College, Ohio State, Ohio Wesleyan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, universities of Illinois, Michigan, and Chicago, New York College of Dentistry, Bates College, Dickinson, Mount St. Mary's College, Albany Medical College, Chicago Veterinary College, Pratt Institute, Northwestern University, Bucknell University, Drexel Institute, Butler College, German Wallace College, Iowa College, Hamline University, Columbia University, Rensselaer Polytechnic, Boston University, and University of Missouri.

CHINESE STUDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES.

By a joint resolution approved May 25, 1908, Congress provided for the remission of a portion of the Chinese indemnity for losses and expenses incurred during the so-called "Boxer disturbances" in China in 1900. The arrangements approved by the President provide for the remission of the following amounts in each of the years indicated:

In his message to Congress recommending the remission of a portion of the indemnity the President said:

This nation should help in every practicable way in the education of the Chinese people, so that the vast and populous Empire of China may gradually adapt itself to modern conditions. One way of doing this is by promoting the coming of Chinese students to this country and making it attractive to them to take courses at our universities and higher educational institutions. Our educators should, so far as possible, take concerted action toward this end.

The action of Congress was communicated to Prince Ch'ing, president of the board of foreign affairs of China, by the American minister, Mr. Rockhill, under date of July 11, 1908. In his letter of acknowledgment, dated July 14, 1908, the president of the board of foreign affairs of China says:

The Imperial Government, wishing to give expression to the high value it places on the friendship of the United States, finds in its present action a

favorable opportunity for doing so. Mindful of the desire recently expressed by the President of the United States to promote the coming of Chinese students to the United States to take courses in the schools and higher educational institutions of the country, and convinced by the happy results of past experience of the great value to China of education in American schools, the Imperial Government has the honor to state that it is its intention to send henceforth yearly to the United States a considerable number of students there to receive their education.

Under the same date the board of foreign affairs notified the American minster that

It has now been determined that from the year when the return of the indemnity begins 100 students shall be sent to America every year for four years, so that 400 students may be in America by the fourth year. From the fifth year and throughout the period of the indemnity payments a minimum of 50 students will be sent each year.

As the number of students will be very great, there will be difficulty in making suitable arrangements for them. Therefore, in the matter of choosing them, as well as in the matter of providing suitable homes for them in America and selecting the schools which they are to enter, we hope to have your advice and assistance. The details of our scheme will have to be elaborated later, but we take this occasion to state the general features of our plan, and ask you to inform the American Government of it. We sincerely hope that the American Government will render us assistance in the matter.

Under date of December 29, 1908, the President of the United States issued instructions directing the Commissioner of Education of the United States

to aid in all appropriate ways within his power in the carrying out of the plans of the Chinese Government for the education of students in America. The following proposed regulations for the students to be sent to America were formulated by the Chinese Government:

I. General statement.

The students to be sent to America are to be supported out of the indemnity fund remitted by the United States. It is proposed to memorialize the Throne fixing the number of students to be sent abroad, with a statement of the general arrangements made for them, and at the same time to notify the American minister.

The board of foreign affairs will be responsible for the establishment of the training schools and the appointment of the superintendent of students.

The board of education will be responsible for the examination of the students after their graduation, as the board of foreign affairs may invite the board of education.

The officials appointed by the board of foreign affairs and the American legation shall be jointly responsible for the selection of the students who are to be sent to America, and for their distribution in American educational institutions.

II. The general purpose.

The aim in sending students abroad at this time is to obtain results in solid learning. Eighty per cent of those sent will specialize in industrial arts, agri