of the German spirit-Ex-President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt." The other four Americans honored were Professor Wilson, the biologist and Professor Burgess, the publicist, both of Columbia; Professor Michelson, the physicist, of Chicago; and Professor Loeb, the physiologist, of the University of California.

The anniversary festivities lasted several days, and consisted, among other things, of a procession through the city of students and citizens dressed in costumes of the middle ages and later periods. Most renowned foreign universities had sent delegates to represent them at this memorable convocation. A committee of Americans who had studied at Leipzig had prepared a Latin address, and Prof. Williston Walker had been chosen to present it to the convocation. A memorial fund of $350, collected by these former American students of Leipzig, was utilized in sending to the library of the Leipzig University certain back numbers of American scholarly journals.

The University of Geneva, Switzerland, celebrated during the summer of 1909 the three hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its establishment, and also of the introduction of Protestantism under Calvin. The exact date of the establishment of this famous seat of learning was June 5, 1559. The celebration gave rise to a very extensive discussion in the press of Calvin's influence as a reformer and that of the institution he founded.

EDUCATIONAL NOTES FROM CONSULAR REPORTS. [These notes from consular reports, together with the introductory remarks in each case, are reprinted from the publications of the Department of Commerce and Labor.]

WOMEN IN GERMAN UNIVERSITIES.

Consul Thomas H. Norton, writing from Chemnitz, says that the question of admitting women to equal rights with men in the privileges of the German universities is still far from being generally settled. He adds:

The universities in Saxony and in the southern part of the Empire-Bavaria, Baden, and Wurttemberg-have all opened their doors to female students, and granted them all academic rights, matriculation, graduation, etc. Others admit them only as visitors to lectures, but refuse to them all other privileges. The University of Berlin has adopted a compromise, refusing matriculation to women, but allowing them to attend courses of study as visitors, and also, with the approval of their instructors, to present themselves as candidates for the examinations leading to the doctor's degree.

During the past winter the 21 German universities enrolled 320 matriculated women and 2,504 female visitors. There was an increase over the preceding winter of 35 matriculates and of 399 visitors. The matriculates were divided among the 8 universities, where they are allowed entrance, as follows: Munich 125, Heidelberg 65, Freiburg 53, Leipzig 36, Jena 20, Tübingen 9, Würzburg 8, Erlangen 4.

9228-ED 1909 VOL 1-35

EXPORTATION OF BOOKS AND MAGAZINES FROM GERMANY.

Consul Robert J. Thompson, writing from Hanover, says that one of the highest evidences of a nation's intellectual and ethical standing among the people of the world is the foreign demand for its literature, for the results of its technical studies and scientific investigations. In connection with this fact he adduces the following figures on the foreign book trade of Germany:

While the German trade statistics in this particular respect are incomplete, nevertheless the estimate of 42,012,520 books sent by German publishers to foreign countries in 1907 is fairly figured out.

The statistics show that 12,731,100 kilos (kilo = 2.2 pounds) were exported from the German market, 5,946,300 of which went to Austria-Hungary, 1,755,200 to Switzerland, 1,055,700 to European Russia, 1,007,900 to the United States, 639,600 to France, 527,500 to the Netherlands, 384,100 to England, 206,200 to Belgium, 204,400 to Sweden, 171,400 to Denmark, and 1,713 to Italy. To these figures 50 per cent more is added as having gone through the mails and included in the trade statistics mentioned. There was thus in all 19,096,650 kilos, or 42,100,475 pounds, of books sent abroad. The valuation of this branch of German export is placed at 75,000,000 marks ($17,850,000), and the number of separate volumes, figured at an average of 1 pound each, at 42,100,475.

GERMAN HYGIENIC PROGRESS.

Consul-General Richard Guenther reports that a "Trade Hygienic Institute" is to be established in Frankfort, where all matters appertaining to the health and protection of German factory operatives and the working classes in general are to be studied and taught. He continues:

This institution will be the first of its kind and will have a highly important mission and a great field in which to work. Frankfort has been chosen on account of its being in close proximity to some of the great chemical factories, technical high schools and universities, and the many economic and socialscientific associations abounding in this city and vicinity. The " Institute for Communal Advancement” in Frankfort, aided by contributions from prominent manufacturers, has raised 100,000 marks ($23,800) as an endowment for this "Trade Hygienic Institute."

All the data concerning experiments and experience of physicians and others employed or interested in the care for the working classes, also all reports emanating from official trade inspections, of labor associations, etc., is to be collected by this new institute, where they will be examined by experts and put to good use. Extensive laboratories fitted up with the best of modern appliances will be erected. This enterprise has its source in the belief held by its organization that a central point for this kind of science will greatly benefit the chemical and other industries, and especially the working classes connected therewith.

NOVEL PLAN TO INSTRUCT GERMAN PEASANTRY.

The following information concerning a free traveling country exposition now being introduced in Saxony is furnished by Consul Carl Bailey Hurst, of Plauen:

A novel plan is now being put into execution in this particular district in Saxony to enable the peasantry living at a distance from the educational

advantages of the cities to become acquainted with certain phases of modern art and literature. Due to the initiative of a citizen of Plauen, a free traveling exposition of moderate size has been organized, and several villages have been selected in which the exposition will be held, with the help, in particular, of the local clergy and public-school teachers.

Books of interesting and elevating character, principally by German authors, cheaply and artistically printed, are displayed. There are also copies of very cheap editions that visitors may buy if they feel so inclined. Much attention is paid to books for children, and entertaining stories, popular biographies, and histories are offered at prices within reach of all, in the hope that they will take the place of detective stories and the like, which are found everywhere.

The living room of the peasant's home is rarely decorated with an artistic picture, and as such can now be bought in this country for a very low price in the form of colored prints of real merit, a section of the exposition is devoted to the display of attractive pictures of this class.

LACE EXHIBITION.

Included in the exposition is a collection of laces and embroideries. As is well known, this part of Saxony is largely engaged in the production of such articles. Many women and girls learn the different parts of the hand work on machinemade lace, and others devote themselves altogether to hand-made pillow laces. With this in view, the art school of this city has loaned to the exposition a representative line of artistic laces, showing various stitches that can be learned without great difficulty, even by inexperienced hands. Those who may wish to copy the stitches or designs can get the use of the different pieces. Also, several very old specimens of Saxon lace have been given provisionally by the local art school.

Although this peculiar exposition of art and literature is just starting on its travels in the remote rural districts, sufficient interest has already been shown by the people for whom it is primarily designed to encourage the supporters of the philanthropic enterprise to further efforts.

NUMBER OF STUDENTS IN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES.

In stating that in 1907 there were in Europe 125 universities, which were visited by 228,732 students, Vice-Consul James L. A. Burrell, of Magdeburg, sends the following details:

Of these the university at Berlin had the largest number of students, viz., 13,884; next came Paris with 12,985, Budapest with 6,551, and Vienna with 6,205. The list by country follows:

The smaller countries-Greece, Norway, Portugal, Denmark, Bulgaria, and Servia-have each one university.

GERMAN HIGH SCHOOL FOR CHINESE.

According to the London and China Telegraph at a meeting in Berlin on December 4, 1908, of the executive committee of the German Colonial Society, under the presidency of Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg, Admiral von Tirpitz, secretary of the navy department, announced that the Government intended to establish at Kiaochow a high school for Chinese youth, at a cost of $150,000, with a recurrent expenditure of $37,000 per annum. The minister stated that the view prevailed in China that a thorough reform of the school system was a necessary preliminary to the modernization of the State's methods of government. The Chinese Government had shown its sympathy with the project by expressing its readiness to support the new school, both by a subsidy and by the provision of suitable scholars, and also by admitting scholars from the German school to state examinations and to posts under the Chinese Government.

The German Government, Admiral von Tirpitz added, desired to create a commercial high school as a basis for technical and medical schools and for institutes for political economy, forestry, and agriculture, to be founded later.

COMPILATION OF A NEW TECHNICAL DICTIONARY.

Consul-General Richard Guenther, of Frankfort, notes that at the annual meeting of the Association of German Engineers, lately held at Dresden, announcement was made that the great work of compiling and publishing the new technical dictionary, which was conducted under the auspices of the association, had to be stopped, because it was found that the expenses would amount to more than four times the estimates. Mr. Guenther adds:

The great progress in science and industries had created a vast mass of new terms and matter largely in excess of what had been estimated at the beginning. This stoppage is to be greatly regretted, as the want of a new technical dictionary and encyclopedia is acutely felt by thousands of persons engaged in scientific research, in all lines of commerce and production, in literature, journalism, and in the administration of state and municipal government.

It is, however, satisfactory to note that the executive board of the Association of German Engineers has made strenuous efforts to take up and complete this valuable work, and has succeeded in obtaining therefor the aid of the Federal Government of Germany and of the Ministry of Education of the Prussian Kingdom.

NATIONAL CHEMICAL LABORATORY PLANNED IN GERMANY.

Consul-General Richard Guenther, of Frankfort, advises that an association has been formed in Germany for the purpose of establishing a national chemical laboratory. A fund of 1,000,000 marks ($238,000) is to be raised for erecting a suitable building with the requisite equipment. The board of directors of the association is requesting the Federal Government to support the new institution by an annual subvention of 100,000 marks ($23,800). The state government of Prussia has tendered a site for the building free of cost. Germany being foremost among nations in chemical and medical science, the new laboratory will no doubt become renowned and of great practical value, attracting students from all parts of the world.

ENCOURAGEMENT OF FAMILY GARDENING.

Consul-General Richard Guenther reports that to encourage gardening among the working classes the city authorities of Frankfort leased at a very low rent small tracts of land belonging to the city. Altogether there are about 36 acres of municipal land let out for that purpose, divided among 258 different parties and to the association for promoting gardening on a small scale. Besides this, a tract of about 4 acres of municipal land has been let for the same purpose to the employees of the city's tramways and electric works. The city will devote additional land for small gardening as the demand and utility for such will increase. These little gardens are a great source of contentment to the leaseholders and their women and children, who take much interest in working and planting therein. This system is also in vogue in Berlin and other German cities.

GERMAN STUDENT INSURANCE.

Consul Herman L. Spahr reports the University of Breslau has made a contract with an accident insurance company in Frankfort to insure its students on the following plan:

All students of mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry or pharmacy, botany, zoology, mineralogy, and geology must pay a fee of 14 marks (36 cents) each semester and be insured against accident occurring in the line of duty. Firemen and machinists and employees of the clinics are also included, the first two paying 5 marks ($1.19) and the last 3 marks (71 cents) premium. The policy lapses so soon as the holder's connection with the university is severed. The company pays 3,000 marks ($714) in case of death, 15,000 marks ($3,570), payable in annuities, for total disability, correspondingly smaller amounts for partial disability, and 3 marks a day (not exceeding one year) if cured. This insurance is optional with students of the other branches and begins with the day on which they pay 14 marks for the semester.