5

5] BOOK OF CANONS PRODUCED AT HERTFORD. 311

secrated bp of Winchester 670, held the see 7 years (AS chron 670. Flor Vig 670); died 676 Flor Vig.

P 102 I VYNFRID bp Lichfield 672, deposed 675 p 68 1 22. P 991 18-24. P 104 1 23—31. Flor Vig 672. 675.

5 and 13 and 25 QVAEQVE=quaecumque.

,, 15 LIBRVM CANONVM non puto hunc fuisse librum aliquem peculiarem a Theodoro compositum, sed collectionem canonum ecclesiae in concilio Chalcedonensi approbatam, et a Dionysio Exiguo non diu antea in Latinum sermonem traductam, et in ecclesiam 10 occidentalem receptam. Theodorus enim rogato fratrum consensu, non ad nouellas aliquas constitutiones a se formatas, sed ad ea quae a patribus canonice sunt antiquitus decreta protulit eundem librum canonum, nulla alterius mentione facta, et ex eodem libro decem capitula quae per loca notauerat. tantum abfuit a libro nouo canonum 15 componendo ut antiquos e libro canones uix exscripserit quidem (Smith). 19 PASCHAE P 23 1 4 n. 16 n. IN COMMVNE P 69 1 25 n. 20 DOMINICA p 261 12 n.

1 16 n.

21 MENSIS PRIMI V 21 often. The first month of the Jewish year Nisan levit 23 5. With this capitulum cf conc Antioch AD 341 20 C I (Bruns 1 81).

22 NVLLVS EPISCOPORVM can apost 13=14. 34-36. conc Nic AD 325 C 15. conc Antioch A D 341 c 13. 21. 22. conc Constantinop A D 381 c 2, by which (Hefele Conciliengesch 112 14) appeals to Rome were forbidden. conc Carth II AD 387 (or 390) c 11 ne quisquam episco25 porum alterius plebes uel dioecesim sua importunitate pulsare debeat. conc Hippon A D 393 (ser 1) c 2-3 a nullo usurpentur plebes alienae. Baronius 403 19 tenth charge brought against Chrysostom: 'he intrudes into others' dioceses and consecrates bps.' ibid 729 3 4. Pope Zachary 1 Apr 743 (Bonif ep 43 pp 123 124 Jaffé). 25 MONASTERIA conc Rom Apr 601 (Greg opp II 1294 append n 7 ed Bened. Mansi x 486). conc Hispal 11 619 c 10. conc Tolet IV 633 c 51 (monks not to be treated as slaves by bps, nor monasteries as their private property). Baronius 601 9. 626 35 end. 39. 676 2 and 5. Pagi 676 5. Bonif ep 82 Jaffé privilege granted by 35 pope Zachary 4 Nov 751 to Fulda abbey, exempting it from all jurisdiction except that of Rome. Mabillon annales Ben I 448. Compare the oath taken by fellows of colleges by the early statutes not to appeal to the pope etc.

30

26 ALIQVO=ulla re cf 1 27 quicquam.

312

MONKS NOT TO MIGRATE.

[IV

P 102 28 MONACHI NON MIGRENT conc Chalced c 4 and 23. conc Tolet VII AD 646 c 5. conc Latun (of St Jean de Losne) A D 670–673 c 7 and 19 (Hefele II12 107 108). conc Tolet, XIII 683 c. 11. Greg dial II 25 a monk was always urging Benedict to discharge him; when at last he did so, the truant encountered a serpent, and entreated to be 5 taken back. Bonif ep 14 p 70 the abbess Eangyth had long desired to make a pilgrimage to Rome; some objected quod canones synodales praecipiant, ut unus quisque in eo loco, ubi constitutus fuerit et ubi uotum suum uouerit, ibi maneat et ibi deo reddat uota sua. DCA 'circumcelliones (2)'. 'gyrouagi.'

99 99

ΙΟ

DE LOCO AD LOCVM priuilegia were granted in later times whereby this was made a common abuse and Ullerston in the petition already quoted complains much thereof. Quis enim fructus ex huius modi priuilegiis insurgat ut plurimum non uidemus, si non religionis dissolutionem, intentionis patronorum et religio- 15 nis instituentium frustrationem, fundatorum fraudationem, ut dum illi monasteria vel pia loca dotabant seu fundabant quatenus inibi conuersantes stricte seruarent suorum patronorum instituta, isti in regione longinqua abeuntes per priuilegia dispensationes et exemptiones non solum de specie in speciem sed ab opposito in 20 oppositum mutarunt sanctorum patronorum instituta.

30 DIMISSIONEM Ist hand de-cf p 44 1 30. p 62 1 6 (Hussey). P 103 I NVLLVS CLERICORVM DISCVRRAT forbidden in several of the canons cited under the last head: also can apost 13=12. 15=14. 34=32. conc Arel 1 c 2. Nic c 15 16. Laod 320 c 41 42. Antioch c 25 3 and 7. Sardic c 19 etc. Chalced c 23. Arel v 554 c 7. Afric c 105. Cabilon 644 c 13. Trull 692 c 17. Bonif ep p 128 Jaffé.

I

3 ABSQVE COMMENDATICIIS LITTERIS can apost 34=32 μndéva τῶν ξένων ἐπισκόπων ἢ πρεσβυτέρων ἢ διακόνων ἄνευ συστατικών προσδέ- 30 Xeo@al. conc Chalced c 13. Brag 11 563 c 8. Rem 624-5 c 12. See bp Daniel's letter commendatory given to Wynfrith (Bonif ep 11); cf Willibald uita Bonif 5 pp 443. 445; another, charged with an anathema, from Greg II to all Christians 1 Dec 722 ibid ep 18. others from the same ibid 19-22. ib p 93 pr. Others from Greg III ibid ep 35-37. Pope 35 Zachary to Bonif ib 51 p 152 de eo quod dixisti, ut nullus sine commendaticiis suscipiatur epistolis. id ib 68 1 May 748 p 197. Bingham II 4 § 5. XVII 3 §§ 6—8. DCA 1 232 b. 407 408. Stevenson 'see specimens in Baluz capit reg Franc II 430. 443. 716. 959. Alcuin opp 1 160-162 ed 1777.'

5]

SYNODS TO BE HELD TWICE A YEAR. 313

P 103 6 SEXTVм can apost 30=32. 32=34.

IO BIS IN ANNO SYNODVS CONGREGETVR can apost 36=38. conc Nic c 5. Antioch 20. Chalced 19. Carth III 397 c 2 placuit, ut propter causas ecclesiasticas, quae ad perniciem plebium saepe ueterascunt, 5 singulis quibusque annis concilium conuocetur. Hippon 393 ser 2 c 5. Elus 551 c 7 (Hefele Conciliengesch III 10). Tolet III 589 c 18 praecipit haec...synodus, ut, stante priorum auctoritate canonum, quae bis in anno praecepit congregari concilia, consulta itineris longitudine et paupertate ecclesiarum Hispaniae, semel in anno in 10 locum, quem metropolitanus elegerit, episcopi congregentur. Tolet IV 633 c 3. Tolet XII 681 c 12. Trull 692 c 8. Suess 744 c 2 (Hefele 1112 519). Greg III (Bonif ep 37 Jaffé) gives directions for two synods yearly in Germany. Pope Zachary 31 Oct 731 (ib 52 end, once a year in Gaul). conc Celcyth 787 c 1 (Haddan-Stubbs III 449). Bingham 15 II 16 § 17. A W Haddan in DCA I 476 a.

12 CLOFESHOCH Haddan-Stubbs III 122 that Clovesho was either in Mercia or in some kingdom subordinate to Mercia, has been rightly inferred by Smith and others from the fact that all the recorded councils of Clovesho date within a period coincident with the pre20 dominance of Mercia, and that the Mercian kings take the lead in them, often without the presence of any other king at all. It is singular that no recorded council of Clovesho occurs until the celebrated one under abp Cuthbert [yet in Haddan-Stubbs III 300 we find a council of Clovesho A D 716, 43 years after the council of Hertford] seventy years 25 [AD 742 Haddan-Stubbs III 340—342] subsequent to the appointment of the place for a yearly synod. There is indeed in the interval only one genuine council of the entire Anglo-Saxon church of which the place is recorded, except those of Twiford and Onestresfeld, the circumstances of which account for their locality. That one is Theodore's 30 own council of Hatfield in AD 680; and it is curious that he should himself desert the place which he had fixed on only seven years before. Boniface's expression in AD 742 'Synodus Londinensis," and all the probabilities of the case, indicate London or its immediate neighbourhood.'

35

It has been conjectured that Clofeshoch is Cliff or Cliffe-at-Hoo five miles from Rochester.

16 CONGREGATIONIS other mss have consecrationis, which is the true reading cod eccl Afric c 86 (title) 'de episcoporum ordine, ut, qui posterius ordinati sunt, prioribus se non audeant anteferré'. Haddan

314

SCHEME OF ENGLISH SEES.

[IV

Stubbs III 121 'the order of the bishops' names...that of their consecration, with the exception of the placing of Wilfrid after Bisi-assuming that Bisi was consecrated early in A D 669. This may be accounted for by the fact that although Wilfrid was consecrated three or four years before Bisi, he was not placed in his see as a diocesan bp until the 5 year 669, and probably after the consecration of the E Anglian bp'. conc Bracar II 563 c 6 item placuit, ut conseruato metropolitani episcopi primatu ceteri episcoporum secundum suae ordinationis tempus alius alio sedendi deferat locum. A W Haddan in DCA I 224 b d. 240 a.

ΙΟ

P 103 18 PLVRES EPISCOPI cod eccl Afr c 98. Greg. III to Boniface cir 732 (ep 28 p 92 Jaffé) praecipimus, ut iuxta sacrorum canonum statuta ubi multitudo excreuit fidelium, ex uigore apostolicae sedis debeas ordinare episcopos. Haddan-Stubbs III 122 'Gregory's scheme of two archiepiscopates, with twelve suffragan sees 15 a-piece, no doubt supplied the basis of Theodore's proceedings. The division of sees was actually and generally, although not universally, accomplished during the eight years following the council, but apparently not according to any definite decree of the council entering into particulars'. Lingard I 121.

20 DECIMVM can apost 47=48. Theodori paenitentiale 1 2 'de fornicatione'. ib 14 'de paenitentia nubentium specialiter'. II 12 'de questibus coniugiorum'.

21 INCESTVM DCA 'adultery'. 'incest'. conc Namnet 658 c

3 (Hefele III2 104).

20

25

30

12 HLOTHERE son of Sexburg (p 33 1 24. p 128 1 21) died

6 Febr 685 p 1501 17-19; after his death Ecgberct's sons, Edric and Victred, successively became kings of Kent IV 26 end.

15 SVPRA 92 1 30. Flor Vig 647 cons bp Dunwich 652. Will 35 Malm gesta pont II 2 p 237.

17 EPISCOPVS AD 669.

19 AECCI bp Dunwich Flor Vig 673. In 731 Aldberct was bp Beda v 23.

BADVVINI bp of Elmham Flor ib. he subscribes as bp in 693.

6]

WYNFRID BISHOP OF MERCIA.

315

In 706 Northbert subscribes Flor Vig catal. In 731 Hadulac was bp Beda v 23. Wharton Anglia sacra I 404 405.

P 104 20 HODIE p 100 1 22 n.

VI

OON after this Vynfrid bishop of the Mercians was for some offence

deposed by archbishop Theodore, and Sexwulf the founder and abbat of Medehamstede was consecrated in his place. Vynfrid retired to the monastery of Adbarua where he died. Theodore made Earconuald bishop of the East Saxons. This was a most holy man, so that IO even the litter in which he was drawn about in his feeble age cures many that are sick when they are put under or near it. Splinters from it have also a great and healing virtue. This Earconuald, before his consecration, built two monasteries, one for himself at Chertsey, and the other for his sister Aedilburga at Barking. She was of the same piety as 15 her brother, and took great care of those who were under her in her monastery, and heavenly miracles gave evidence to her holiness. P 104 23 VYNFRIDO p 102 1 r.

24 INOBOEDIENTIAE Haddan-Stubbs III 122 'according to the AS chron AD 657 Winfrid was expelled from his see by the council 20 itself, and in all probability a refusal to allow his diocese to be divided was the real reason of his expulsion. But Bede implies a space of time, though not a long one, between the council and the expulsion, and Flor dates the latter A D 675'.

25 Eddius

27 SEXVVLFVM bp of Lichfield (p 94 1 19) p 114 14. p 115 1 1. 44 end. Flor Vig 675.

28 MEDESHAMSTEDI Peterborough Flor Vig 675. Pagi 675 5. In the Laud MS of the Saxon chron there occur several enlargements commencing with the year 654 AD in which is contained a monograph on the abbey of Peterborough, and the privileges granted 30 to its abbats by the see of Rome.

29 REDIIT AD MONASTERIVM SVVм so Ceadda c 3 pr.
30 ADBARVÆ P 94 1 15.

P 105 2 SVPRA III 30. cf IV II. EARCONVALDVM p 1111 29. Dugdale monast (1846) I 422. his life in AA SS Apr III 781. a further copy in 35 Dugdale's St Paul's appendix. Sigebald, abbat of Chertsey, promises if he survives Boniface, to pray for him as he does for Erconuald (Bonif ep 57 Jaffé).