326 COMETS AND THEIR PORTENTS. [IV Wunibald went on a pilgrimage to Rome in 722 (Werner's Bonif 194). Wunibald went a second time and made the acquaintance of Boniface (ib 195). Theudo duke of Bavaria went to Rome to the footsteps of the apostles AD 726 Paul Diac VI 13=44. The Saxon abbess Bugge went to Rome to pray at the holy places (Bonif ep 103 Jaffé. cf ep 14 5 pp 68-70). Wiethburga found rest at the threshold of St Peter (ib ep 88). Ina was induced to make the pilgrimage by Ethelburga, who accompanied him (Will Malmesb I 2). AD 746 Karloman went to Rome and became a monk (Eginhard in Migne CIV 101 102). P 113 26 SEQVENTIBVS V 7. I 28 AEDILRED P 170 l 1 and 19. A patron of Wilfrid's Eddius 42 end. 44 end. 10 P 114 I PVTTA c 2 end. p 101 1 30. Haddan-Stubbs III 130 'although he may for a few years have administered the diocese of Hecana, or Hereford, as the deputy of Sexulf, it does not follow that his 15 presence there constituted it a separate see'. 9 ILLA ECCLESIA Hereford v 23 (p 218 1 23 S) eis populis qui ultra amnem Sabrinam ad occidentem habitant. Flor Vig in MHB 20 621c. 13 GEBMVNDVM he died 693 and was succeeded by Tobias v 8 end. chron Sax. Flor Vig. Yet he is said to have taken part in the council of Berghamstead 696. 16 ANNVS ECGFRIDI OCTAVVs cf p 101 1 1 and 11. 25 17 COMETA P 170 1 2 (cf 1 30). V 23 p 217 1 45 S. Beda de natura rerum c 24 'de cometis': cometae sunt stellae flammis crinitae, repente nascentes, regni mutationem aut pestilentiam aut bella uel uentos aestus ue portendentes. Pagi 677 9 seq, who places 30 this comet in 677. Luc I 529 terris mutantem regna cometen. Iuvenal VI 407 instantem regi Armenio Parthoque cometen. Ios bell Iud v1 5 3. Tac XV 47. Serv Aen x 272. ind to Sen and DCass. A comet in 632 portended the invasion of the Saracens (Baronius n 1); another in 673 the murder of Childeric (Pagi n 8 9). The comet 35 of 678 is recorded also by Anastasius (Baronius n 15). The comet of 1066. Balthazar Bekker, the minister of Amsterdam, the famous author of the world bewitched' (against the belief in witches) in his ⚫ondersoek van de betekening der cometen, bij gelegenheid van de 12] DIVISION OF WILFRID'S DIOCESE. 327 5 gene, die in de jaren 1680, 1681 en 1682 geschenen hebben, Leeuwaarden 1683' and Pierre Bayle in 'pensées diverses sur les comètes' overthrew the superstition. P 114 21 DISSENSIONE p 170 1 2. Pagi 677 12 seq. Smith append xviii. Thomas Eliensis uita Etheldredae II Ecgfrid was irritated against Wilfrid for encouraging Etheldred to desert him, and was further incited (Eddius 24) by his second wife Elmenburga, who envied Wilfrid's wealth. The king and queen bribe Theodore to divide Wilfrid's diocese. Wilfrid pronounces a curse, which is fulfilled exactly a year 10 after, the corpse of king Aelfwin being brought to York; his brother Ecgfrid survived, but never afterwards won a victory. 22 DVO IN LOCVM EIVS SUBSTITVTI EPISCOPI P 103 1 18. Haddan-Stubbs III 125 126. Wilfrid in his petition to the Roman council of 679 (Haddan-Stubbs III 137 from Eddius 29) quidam mei 15 episcopatus inuasores inlicita praesumtione contra sacrorum canonum normas ac diffinitiones, in conuentu Theodori sanctissimi archiepiscopi Cantuariorum ecclesiae aliorumque tunc temporis antistitum cum eo conuenientium, sedem, quam per decem et eo amplius annos cum dei clementia dispensabam, raptorum more inuadere atque eripere moliti sunt et in 20 eadem sede subsidere, et non solum unum sed tres in mea ecclesia sese promouerunt episcopos, licet canonica non sit eorum promotio. Lingard I 120 121. 24 HIC Bosa: a metrical martyrology of Bosa, ascribed to Beda, in D'achery spicileg x. AA SS 9 Mar. Eddius 52 p 82. Pagi 705 13. 25 Alcuin sanct Ebor 846—874. 25 ILLE Eata p 77 1 17-25. SIVE 'and' p 151 lr. 26 DE MONACHORVM COLLEGIO p 138 1 2. Eddius 24 of Theodore tres episcopos aliunde inuentos et non de subiectis illius parrochiae in absentia pontificis nostri in sua propria 30 loca episcopatus sui nouiter inordinate solus ordinauit. Bosa was of Whitby, Trumwin contributed to the election of Cuthbert (IV 27. uita Cuthb 6) and when forced to resign his diocese retired to Whitby; Tunberct was almost immediately deposed (IV 28) and succeeded by Cuthbert, who had been educated at Melrose and Lindisfarne, and was 35 Eata's favorite pupil. Even after they had adopted the Roman Easter and tonsure, the three Scottish monasteries 'étaient parvenus à repousser la jurisdiction de l'évêque romain' (Varin V 1 220). 28 EADHAED IN PROVINCIA LINDISFARORVM p81130. HaddanStubbs III 125 in Lindsey, but whether at Stow (Sidenacester) does not 40 appear', 328 DEATH OF KING VULFHERE. [IV P 114 29 SVPerato vvlfheRE Eddius 19 Ecgfrid's victories over the Picts. ib 20 Ecgfrid like David, crushing his enemies, but meek in God's sight, semper in omnibus deo gratias agebat. nam Wlfarius rex Merciorum superbo animo et insatiabili corde omnes australes populos aduersum regem nostrum concitans non 5 tam ad bellandum, quam ad redigendum sub tributo seruili animo non regente deo proponebat. Ecgfridus uero rex Deirorum et Berniciorum animo rigido mente fideli consilio senum patriam custodire ecclesias dei defendere episcopo docente in deum confisus, sicut Barac et Debora, cum 10 parili manu hostem superbum inuadens deo adiuuante cum paruo exercitu prostrauit et occisis innumeris regem fugauit regnumque eius sub tributo distribuit et eo postea quacumque ex causa moriente plenius aliquod spatium pacifice imperauit. Vulfhere came to the throne late in 658 or early 15 in 659 and reigned 17 years (III 24 end), ie he died in 675 (p 68 1 20 n. so also chron Sax). 30 EADEM Lindsey. 31 PROPRIVM Lindsey had formerly been included in one diocese with the Mercians and Middle Angles p 67 1 19. p 115 1 2. 20 EDELVINI P 39 1 18. p 79 1 23—26. 32 CYNIBERCTVм p 165 1 23. v 23 (p 218 1 30 S) AD 731 prouinciae Lindisfarorum Cyniberct episcopus praeest. On the division of the diocese of Mercia AD 679 see Haddan-Stubbs III 127-130. The legal title of the Lindsey bishopric first appears in the 25 signatures to the council of Clovesho 12 Oct 803 (ib 546 547 'Eadwulf Syddensis ciuitatis episcopus'). The locality of Sidenacester is unknown. 2 ETIAM MERCIORVM ET MEDITERRANEORVM ANGLORVMP 114 30 3 EXPVLSVS DE LINDISSI Lindsey had been conquered by Ecgfrid p 114 1 28 29; and therefore Sexuulf resigned that portion of his diocese to Eadhaed. 6 POST TRES ABSCESSIONIS VILFRIDI ANNOS ie in 681 (the 35 death of Aelfuini c 22 and 23 and p 170 1 5, which happened in 679, was exactly a year after Wilfrid's flight Eddius 24). For the construction cf p 57 1 29 n. 7 TVNBERCTVм p 155 1 11. HAGVSTALDENSEM Eata held before Hexham with Lindisfarne p 114 1 25. 40 5 1Ο 13] WILFRID'S WANDERINGS. 329 P 115 8 REMANENTE EATA AD LINDISFARNENSEM p 151 18-11. P 155 1 13. uita Cuthb 6 § 11. 7 pr. 16 pr. 25 pr as bp he summons Cuthbert to a conference at Melrose. TRVMVINI P 149 128. p 154 127. uita Cuthb 1 § 4. 24 § 42. AA SS 10 Febr. IO SVBIECTA by Osuiu p 29 1 8 n. p 58 14 n. p 94 1 3 n. Recovered by the Picts AD 685 III 24. Eddius 21 pr as Ecgfrid's dominion was extended northwards and southwards by conquests, ita beatae memoriae Wilfrido episcopo ad austrum super Saxones et aquilonem super Britones et Scottos Pictosque regnum ecclesiarum multiplicabatur. II AEDILRED king of the Mercians c 21. p 1701 19. Sax chron 675. HRYPENSI Haddan-Stubbs III 130 'Eadhed in AD 679 retired from Lindsey to Ripon, yet the latter did not become a see for that reason.' 15 W1 XIII HEN Wilfrid was driven from his bishopric he first went to Rome but afterwards returned to Britain and preached among the South Saxons who were ignorant of the divine name and faith. Their king Aedilualch had already been baptised in Mercia, and through Wilfrid's preaching the chiefs and soldiers of the province 20 received baptism. The queen Eabae who was daughter of Eanfrid had been previously baptised in her own province. A monk from the Scottish nation had a very small monastery in the province of the South Saxons at a place called Bosanhamm. Not only was spiritual calamity removed by Wilfrid's preaching, but also an end was put to a drought 25 which had lasted three years. So severe was the famine that the people threw themselves over precipices or into the sea, but on the very day when they were baptised, rain fell and the land became fruitful. The bishop also taught the people to get their living by fishing and so turned their hearts to love him. King Aedilualch gave the bishop a site for 30 a monastery at Selsey, where he lived for five years baptising many people among whom were two hundred and fifty men and women slaves, to whom at baptism he gave their liberty. V 19. Eddius 24. 40. Alcuin sanct Ebor 577-604. P 115 14 MVLTA LOCA his enemies expecting that he would cross to 35 Quentavic, won king Theodoric and Ebroin, who seized and stript the exiled bp of Lichfield Wulfrid, misled by the similarity of name (Eddius 25). Meanwhile Wilfrid wintered in Friesland, where the king received him, refusing the reward put on his head by Ebroin (ib 26 27). In the 330 FULLER'S REFLEXION ON WILFRID. [IV next spring Daegberth, king of the Franks, who had been an exile in P 115 15 ROMAM Eddius 29-31 (cf Haddan-Stubbs III 136–140) Roman council under Agatho, Wilfrid's petition having been read, decrees his restoration to his see, subject to a division of it among bps of his own choice. 99 16 INIMICITIAS MEMORATI REGIS p 114 1 20. One of the causes of the quarrel was a dispute about the lands belonging to the see of York Eddius 44. 17 PARROCHIA diocese. 18 DIVERTENS Fuller § 97 Theodorus, archbishop of Canter- 15 bury, beheld Wilfride bishop of York (one of great parts and greater passions) with envious eyes; and therefore, to abate his power, he endeavoured that the diocese of York might be divided. Wilfride offended hereat goes over to Rome to impede the project, and by the way is tossed with a grievous tempest. It is an ill wind which bloweth 20 no man profit. He is cast on the shoar of Freezland in Belgia, where the inhabitants as yet pagans, were by his preaching converted to Christianity. This may be observed in this Wilfride, his wάpepya were better than his pya, his casuall and occasionall were better then his intentionall performances, (which shews plainly, that providence acted more 25 vigourously in him, then his own prudence :) I mean, when at ease in wealth, at home, he busied himself in toyes and trifles of ceremonious controversies; but when (as now, and afterwards) a stranger and little better than an exile, he effectually promoted the honour and glory of God. § 98. And as it is observed of nightingales, that they sing the 30 sweetest, when farthest from their nests: so this Wilfride was most diligent in God's service, when at the greatest distance from his own home. For though returning into England, he returned not into York, but stayed in the pagan kingdom of the South Saxons, who also, by God's blessing on his endeavours, were persuaded to embrace the 35 Christian faith.' 19 PROVINCIAM kingdom 1 24. 11 9 (p 88 1 7 and 11 S) 12 (p 92 121) 15 (p 96 1 18). 21 FAMILIARVM р 67 1 1 n. p 94 1 14. 4 |