The forfei

or any other law, cuftom or ufage to the contrary thereof in any wife notwithstanding.

VI. And be it further enacted, That if the faid coopers or any ture of coop- of them shall not make fale according to fuch prices as shall be ers not selling their veffels at rated, as is aforefaid, after proclamation thereof made, that then every person and perfons fo offending fhall for the fame incur

the prices

rated.

So much of the ftatutes made in the

22 Ed. 4. c. 4. 3 H. 7. c. 13. 33 H. 8. c. 9.

as concerns

the prices of bows, repealed.

the pains and forfeitures mentioned in the said estatute made the said three and twentieth year of the reign of the faid late King; that is, to wit, for every barrel, kilderkin and firkin which shall be fold at greater price than shall be rated and taxed as is aforefaid, the fum of three fhillings and four pence of lawful money of England, whereof the one moiety to be to the Queen's highnefs, her heirs and fucceffors, and the other moiety to fuch perfon or perfons as will fue for the fame by action of debt in any court of record, wherein no protection, effoin or wager of law fhall be allowed or admitted.

САР. Х.

An act for bowyers.

OST humbly complaining fheweth unto your Highness, and to your high court of parliament, your obedient fubjects, the bowyers dwelling and inhabiting within the city of London and the fuburbs of the fame, That where in the parliament of the late King of most famous memory, King Henry the Eighth, begun and holden at Westminster the fixteenth day of January in the three and thirtieth year of the reign of the faid late King, and there continued until the first day of April then next following, there was one act and statute then made and provided, intituled, An act for the maintenance of artillery, and debarring of unlawful games; (2) in which act and ftatute, amongst other things, there is one branch contained and Specified, the tenor whereof is as hereafter followeth: That is to fay, and to the intent that every person may have bows of mean price, Be it enacted by the authority aforefaid, That every bowyer dwelling out of the city of London fhall, after the feaft of the purification of our Lady then next coming, for every bow that he maketh of yew make three other bows meet to shoot in of elm, witchhafel, afh and other wood apt for the fame, under the pain to lofe and forfeit for every such bow fo lacking, three fillings and four pence. (3) And every bowyer dwelling within the city and fuburbs of London fball, from and after the faid feaft of the purification of our Lady then next coming, for every bow of yew make two other bows apt for shooting, of afh, elm, witchhafel or other wood meet for the fame, under the like pain and forfeiture, as by the faid ftatute more plainly it doth and may appear. (4) And although the faid branch of the faid ftatute be needful and expedient to remain and continue for fuch bowyers as do dwell and inhabit in the country and other places out of the city of London, and the fuburbs of the fame; yet forafmuch as there be very few or no bows of elm, witchhafel or afh, or of any other wood than only of yew, used or occupied by any perfon within the faid city and fuburbs of the fame, therefore the faid branch of the faid act and ftatute before rehearsed was not, ne is needful to be had and made for the bowyers dwelling within the faid city and suburbs.

2

II. And

II. And yet nevertheless your said subjects, for the avoiding of the danger and penalty contained in the faid branch, are daily inforced to make fuch great number of bows of elm, witchhafel and afb, that they cannot in convenient time utter and fell the fame, but are constrained to keep fuch bows by them fo made, until they be putrified and not meet for any good ufe and purpofe.

III. By reafon whereof, much of the faid wood of elm, witchhasel and afh is daily wafted and confumed in making of the faid bows, and your faid fubjects by fuch loffes as they daily fuftain in making fuch bows greatly impoverished, and the commonwealth thereby nothing advanced, but rather hindered.

4. C. 4.

IV. And where alfo in the feveral ftatutes of the noble King of 22 Ed. famous memory, King Edward the Fourth, made in the two and twen- 3 H. 7. c. 13. tieth year of his reign, and in the third year of the reign of King 33 H. 8. c. 9. Henry the Seventh, Grandfather to our faid fovereign lady the Queen's majefty, and in the faid thirty-third year of the reign of our faid late fovereign lord King Henry the Eighth, father to our faid fovereign Lady, there is mention made of the prices of bows, which at those feveral times was appointed to be but three fhillings and four pence and not above, to fell the beft;

V. At which faid times fuch bows might well have been fo fold to any perfon or perfons according to the rates and prices expreffed in the faid feveral acts, until now within this twenty years, the prices of bow-flaves have diverfly been raised and enhaunced from five pounds a hundred to twelve pounds, or thereabouts; for which caufes the prices contained in the faid feveral ftatutes cannot be observed; and yet your Majefty's faid fubjects, the bowyers, are prefently in danger of the faid feveral ftatutes concerning the prices of bows, which they humbly befeech your Majesty, with the affent of your high court of parliament, may be releafed unto them, and the penalties appointed for the fame.

ftatutes of
22 Ed. 4. C. 4.

&

H. 7. c. 13.

33 H. 8.

concern the

VI. Be it therefore enacted, ordained and established by the A repeal of fo Queen's majesty our fovereign lady, with the affent of the lords much of the fpiritual and temporal, and the commons in this present parliament affembled, and by the authority of the fame, That the faid 3 eftatutes of King Edward the Fourth and King Henry the Seventh concerning the prices of bows, and all the branches contained c. 9. as do in the said statute of King Henry the Eighth, so far forth as the prices of bows, fame extendeth to the prices of bows therein expreffed only, and the makfrom the first day of this present parliament and fo for ever, be ing of bows of thereby clearly repealed and made void and fruftrate to all intents, elm, &c. in conftructions and purpofes; (2) and alfo all and every claufe London, &c. and sentence of the said statute of King Henry the Eighth beforerecited, tending to the making of bows of elm, witchhasel, ash and other wood befides yew, before rehearfed, or any penalty therein contained, for any the faid last rehearsed premiffes from henceforth for ever shall not be intended, construed or taken to extend to any bowyer now dwelling or inhabiting, or which hereafter shall happen to dwell or inhabit, within the cities of London and Westminster, or the fuburbs of any of them, or in the borough of Southwark in the county of Surry; the said statutes or any thing in them or any of them contained in any wife to the contrary notwithstanding.

R 3

VII. And

A bowyer dwelling in London, or

the fuburbs, fhall have fifty bows of elm,

&c.

The feveral

ral forts of

bows.

VII. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That all and every the faid bowyers within the faid cities and fuburbs of London and Westminster, and borough of Southwark, fhall from henceforth from time to time and all times hereafter provide and have in his or their cuftody the number of fifty good and able bows of elm, witchhafel or ash at the least, well and fubftantially made and wrought; (2) upon pain that every of the faid bowyers which by the space of twenty days fhall not have in his cuftody such number of the faid bows of witchhafel, elm or ash ready made and meet to be fold and used as aforefaid, fhall hereafter, for every bow lacking of the number aforefaid forfeit ten fhillings; the one moiety of which forfeiture shall be to our faid fovereign lady the Queen's majesty, and the other moiety thereof fhall be to him or them ufing the art of an armourer, fletcher or maker of bow-ftrings, that will fue for the fame, by action of debt, bill, plaint or otherwise, in any court of record; in which action and fuit no protection or wager of law fhall in any wife be admitted or allowed for the defendant.

VIII. Provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aprices of feve- forefaid, That if any bowyer after the first day of May next coming do fell any bows meet for men's fhooting, being outlandith yew, and of the best fort, over and above the price of fix fhillings and eight pence; (2) or do fell any bows meet for men's fhooting, being of the fecond fort, over and above the price of three fhillings and four pence; (3) or fhall fell any bows meet for men as is aforefaid, being of the coarse fort, called livery-bows, for and above the price of two fhillings apiece, or that shall after the faid first day of May fell any bows being English yew, over and above the price of two fhillings the piece; (4) that then the feller or fellers of fuch bows fhall forfeit for every bow fo fold over and above the price aforefaid forty fhillings, the one moiety thereof to the Queen's majesty, her heirs and fucceffors, and the other moiety to the party using the art of an armourer, fletcher, or maker of bow-ftrings, that will fue for the fame in any court of record, by action of debt, bill, plaint or otherwife, wherein no wager of law, effoin or protection fhall be admitted or allowed; any thing in this act or in any other act contained to the contrary in any wife notwithftanding. (5) This act to continue until the last day of the first feffion of the next parliament. 3 Car. I. c. 4. Continued until the end of the first feffion of the next parliament: And further continued by 16 Car. 1. c. 4.

CAP. XI.

An act for uttering of caps, and for true making of hats and

WH

caps.

HERE great multitudes of the Queen's majesty's true fubjects, ufing the art of making woolen caps, are impoverished and decayed by the exceffive ufe of hats and felts, and thereby divers good cities and towns brought to defolation, great plenty of strange commodities

commodities without neceffity confumed, and great number of people enforced to depend upon the having of foreign wools, to the difcommodity of this realm, the disfurniture of fervice to be done to the Queen's majesty, and greater evident dangers, if remedy be not provided:

but which

II. It may therefore please the Queen's most excellent maje- None shall fty, at the lamentable fuit and complaint of her faid poor fub- work hats with jects, that it be enacted by the authority of this prefent parlia- foreign wool, ment, That no perfon, by him or her felf, or by any other, hath been apfhall, after the feaft of the nativity of St. John Baptift next co- prentice to the ming, make or work any felt or hat of or with any foreign myftery of wool or ftuff, unless fuch person shall first have been apprentice hat-making. Farther provior covenant-fervant to such mystery of felt or hat-making by the space of seven years at the leaft, upon pain to forfeit all fuch bereto, hats or felts as he shall make, or cause to be made, while he 1 Jac. 1. c. 17. worketh contrary to the form of this act, and five pounds in s. 2. money for every month that he shall so continue.

fions relating

Dying of caps.

III. And be it enacted by the authority aforefaid, That from Caps of felt, or the first day of April next coming no perfon whatsoever fhall of woolen make, fell or cause to be made or fold, any cap or other thing cloth not knit. of felt, but only hats, (2) nor fhall make, fell or caufe to be made or fold, any cap of any woolen cloth not knit, (3) And that no person after the faid firft day of April fhall dye or cause to be dyed black, any cap, with bark or swarf, but only with copperas and gall, or with woad and madder. IV. And (for the fetting of many poor and impotent perfons Thicking or to work, and for the better making of caps) that no person after fulling of caps. the faid first day of April fhall thick or full in any mill, or cause to be thicked or fulled in any mill, any cap, until fuch time as the fame cap be first well scoured and closed upon the bank, and half thicked at least in the footstock.

velvet.

V. And that no man under the degree of a knight, or of a Who only may lord's fon, fhall after the said first day of April wear any hat or wear a hat or upper cap of velvet, or covered with velvet, (2) on pain to for- upper cap of feit for every hat, cap or thing to be made, dyed, thicked, fulled, fold or worn, contrary to the meaning of this act, ten fhillings, whereof the one moiety shall be to the Queen's majefty, her heirs and fucceffors, the other moiety to fuch perfon have the forthen using the feat of cap-making as will fue for the fame in feiture. any court of record, wherein no effoin, protection or wager of law for the defendant fhall be admitted or allowed.

Who fhall

VI. And for the better and truer making of caps or hats with- Who may in this realm, be it enacted by the authority aforefaid, That it fearch and refhall be lawful to the mafter and wardens of the company of form cappers haberdashers within the city of London, and to their fucceffors and hatters. for the time being, calling to them one of the company of the cappers, and another of the makers of hats, as often as need fhall require, within the faid city, or within three miles of the fame, to search all and all manner of cappers and makers of hats, and the offenders and defaults by them found to correct and punish by fines, and otherwife, as in like cafes they do other offenders

R 4

How many ap prentices hat makers may

offenders and defaults within the faid company: (2) And that it fhall be lawful for all mayors, bailiffs and other head officers, in all other cities and towns corporate, to do the like.

VII. Provided always, and be it enacted by the authority 'aWho may be hat-maker, forefaid, That every hat-maker that now is a maker or worker though he of hats, and being a houfholder, apprentice, covenant-fervant or hath not been journeyman, fhall or may, during fuch perfons natural life, conan apprentice. tinue making of hats and felts, albeit fuch perfon were not bounden apprentice to the fame art for the space of feven years. VIII. And be it enacted, That no maker or worker of hats fhall take or receive any apprentices contrary to the true meaning of this act; that is to fay, above two apprentices at one time, nor those for any less time than seven years at the least, on pain to fuffer for every apprentice to be taken or received against the form of this act one month's imprisonment in the common gaol, without bail or mainprife: (2) And that every taking or receiving of an apprentice contrary to this act fhall be void; (3) and alfo fuch person so taking or receiving shall be from thenceforth difabled to have any more apprentices than one at one time.

take.

A hat-maker

own child.

IX. Provided alway, That nothing in this act shall extend to may ute his charge any perfon allowed to be a felt-maker or hat-maker with any pain or forfeiture, for fetting or ufing his or their own children to the making or working of felts or hats in his or their own houses. Provided that this act shall not extend to any making of hats with worsted yarn in the city of Norwich.

No cloth fhall

CAP. XII.

An act for the aulnegers fees in Lancaster, and for length, breadth and weight of cottons, frizes and rugs.

F

Orafmuch as divers clothiers inhabiting within the county palatine of Lancaster, Seeking inordinately their own fingular gains, have of late practifed privily to convey and carry away out of the Jaid county divers cottons, frizes and rugs, there made to be fold, before fuch time as the Queen's aulneger of the faid county bath fixed unto every fuch cloth the Queen's feal in that behalf appointed, and fometime counterfeiting and Jetting to fuch clothes feals of their own, (2) minding thereby not only to defraud the faid aulneger of his accuftomable fees due to be paid to the Queen's highness ufe, for the fealing of every fuch cloth, cotton, frize or rug; but also to cover and hide the untrue and deceitful making of many of the faid clothes, contrary to the true meaning of fundry good and wholfome eftatutes and laws heretofore made, as well for the true making of the clothes beforefaid, as alfo for the fearching, trying and fealing of the fame, (3) to the no little prejudice and damage of the faid aulneger, who ftandeth charged with the payment of a great annual farm to the Queen's majesty for the faid aulnege, in deceit of her Highness subjects, and discredit of the commodity of the faid clothes :

II. For reformation whereof, be it enacted by our faid fovebe fold before reign lady the Queen, the lords fpiritual and temporal, and the the party and commons, of this prefent parliament affembled, and by the auaulneger have fet to their thority of the fame, That no perfon or perfons from and after feals.

the