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seems to me that the lăst did not appear to have had so powerful an effect upon the audience as former ones.

Arch. How, Sir, has it met with any Aristarchus ?*

Gil B. No, Sir, by no means, such works as yours are not to be criticised; every body is charmed with them. Nevertheless, since you have laid your injunctions upon me to be free and sincere, I will take the liberty to tell you that your last discourse, in my judgment, has not altogether the energy of your other performances. Did you not think so, Sir, yourself?

Arch. So, then, Mr. Gil Blas, this piece is not to your taste? Gil B. I don't say so Sir, I think it excellent, although a little inferior to your other works.

Arch. I understand you; you think I flag, don't you ? Come, be plain; you believe it is time for me to think of retiring.

Gil B. I should not have been so bold as to speak so freely, if your grace had not commanded me; I do no more, therefore, than obey you; and I most humbly beg that you will not be offended at my freedom.

Arch. God forbid! God forbid that I should find fault with it. I don't at all take it ill that you should speak your sentiments, it is your sentiment itself, only, that I find bad. I have been most egregiously deceived in your narrow understanding.

Gil B. Your grace will pardon me for obeying

Arch. Say no more, my child, you are yet too_raw to make proper distinctions. Be it known to you, I never composed a better homily, than that which you disapprove; for, my genius, thank_heaven, hath, as yet, lost nothing of its vigor henceforth I will make a better choice of a confidant. Go! go, Mr. Gil Blas, and tell my treasurer to give you a hundred ducats,† and may heaven conduct you with that sum. Adieu, Mr. Gil Blas! I wish you all manner of prosperity, with a little more taste.

LESSON CXCII.

Dialogue :-ALEXANDER the Great, and a ROBBER.-Dr. AIKIN

Alexander. WHAT, art thou the Thracian robber, of whose exploits I have heard so much?

Aristarchus was a celebrated grammarian of Samos. He was famous fo his critical powers; and he revised the poems of Homer with such seve'i' y, that, ever after, all severe critics were called Aristarchi.

+ Pron. dŭk'-its.

Robber. I am a Thracian, and a soldier.

Alex. A soldier!—a thief, a plunderer, an assassin! the pest of the country; I could honor thy courage, but I must detest and punish thy crimes.

Robber. What have I done, of which you can complain?

Alex. Hast thou not set at defiance my authority; violated the public peace, and passed thy life in injuring the persons and properties of thy fellow-subjects?

Robber. Alexander! I am your captive-I must hear what you please to say, and endure what you please to inflict. But my soul is unconquered; and if I reply at all to your reproaches, I will reply like a free man.

Alex. Speak freely. Far be it from me to take the advăntage of my power, to silence those with whom I deign

to converse.

Robber. I must then answer your question by another. How have you passed your life?

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Alex. Like a hero. Ask Fame, and she will tell you. Among the brave, I have been the bravest among sovereigns, the noblest: among conquerors, the mightiest.

Robber. And does not Fame speak of me too? Was there ever a bolder captain of a more valiant band? Was there ever-but I scorn to boast. You yourself know that I have not been easily subdued.

Alex. Still, what are you but a robber-a base, dishonest robber?

Robber. And what is a conqueror? Have not you, too, gone about the earth like an evil genius, blăsting the fair fruits of peace and industry; plundering, ravaging, killing, without law, without justice, merely to gratify an insatiable lust for dominion? All that I have done to a single district with a hundred followers, you have done to whole nations with a hundred thousand. If I have stripped individuals, you have ruined kings and princes. If I have burned a few hamlets, you have desolated the most flourishing kingdoms and cities of the earth. What is, then, the difference, but that as you were born a king, and I a private man, you have been able to become a mightier robber than I?

Alex. But if I have taken like a king, I have given like a king. If I have subverted empires, I have founded greater. I have cherished arts, commerce, and philosophy.

Robber. I, too, have freely given to the poor what I took from the rich. I have established order and discipline among the most ferocious of mankind, and have stretched out my

protecting arm over the oppressed. I know, indeed, little of the philosophy you talk of, but I believe neither you nor I shall ever atone to the world for half the mischief we have done it.

Alex. Leave me. Take off his chains, and use him well. Are we then so much alike? Alexander like a robber? Let me reflect.

LESSON CXCIII.

Lines written in 1821; on hearing that the Austrians had entered Naples-with scarcely a show of resistance on the part of the Neapolitans, who had declared their independence, and pledged themselves to maintain it.-MOORE.

Ay, down to the dust with them, slaves as they are!
From this hour let the blood in their dastardly veins,
That shrunk from the first touch of Liberty's war,
Be sucked out by tyrants, or stagnate in chains!

On-on, like a cloud, through their beautiful vales,
Ye locusts of tyranny!-blăsting them o'er:
Fill-fill up their wide, sunny waters, ye sails,

From each slave-mart in Europe, and poison their shore.

May their fate be a mock-word--may men of all lands
Laugh out with a scorn that shall ring to the poles,
When each sword, that the cowards let fall from their hands,
Shall be forged into fetters to enter their souls!

And deep, and more deep, as the iron is driven,
Base slaves! may the whet of their agony be,

To think-as the damned haply think of the heaven

They had once in their reach,-that they might have been free.

Shame! shame! when there was not a bosom, whose heat Ever rose o'er the zero of Castlereagh's heart,

That did not, like Echo, your war-hymn repeat,

And send back its prayers with your Liberty's start! ...

When the world stood in hope-when a spirit that breathed
Full fresh of the olden time whispered about,

And the swords of all Italy, half-way unsheathed,
But waited one conquering word to flash out! ..、

When around you the shades of your mighty in fame,
Filicaias and Petrarchs seemed bursting to view,
And their words and their warnings,-like tongues of bright
flame

Over Freedom's apostles-fell kindling on you!...
Good God! that in such a proud moment of life,
Worth ages of history—when, had you but hurled
One bolt at your bloody invader, that strife

Between freemen and tyrants hath spread through the
world. . . .

That then--O, disgrace upon manhood! e'en then
You should falter-should cling to your pitiful breath,
Cower down into beasts, when you might have stood men,
And prefer a slave's life, to a glorious death!

6

It is strange-it is dreadful! Shout, Tyranny, shout
Through your dungeons and palaces, Freedom is o'er'—
If there lingers one spark of her fire, tread it out,

And return to your empire of darkness once more.
For if such are the braggarts that claim to be free,
Come, Despot of Russia, thy feet let me kiss:—
Far nobler to live the brute bondman of thee,
Than sully even chains by a struggle like this.

LESSON CXCIV.

Soliloquy of Macbeth, when going to murder Duncan, king of Scotland. SHAKSPEARE.

Is this a dagger, which I see before me,

The handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee :-
I have thee not; and yet I see thee still.

Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible

To feeling, as to sight? or art thou but

A dagger of the mind; a false creation,
Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain?
I see thee yet, in form as palpable

As this which now I draw.

Thou marshall'st me the way that I was going;
And such an instrument I was to use.

Mine eyes are made the fools o' the other senses,
Or else worth all the rest: I see thee still;

And on thy blade, and dudgeon,* goutst of blood,
Which was not so before.-There's no such thing;
It is the bloody business, which informs

Thus to mine eyes.-Now o'er the one half world,
Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse
The curtained sleep; now witchcraft celebrates
Pale Hecate's offerings; and withered murder,
Alarumed by his sentinel, the wolf,

Whose howl's his watch, thus, with his stealthy pace
With Tarquin's ravishing strides, towards his design
Moves like a ghost.-Thou sure and firm-set earth,
Hear not my steps, which way they walk, for fear
The very stones prate of my where-about,
And take the present horror from the time,

Which now suits with it.-Whiles I threat, he lives;
Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives.

I go, and it is done; the bell invites me.

Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell
That summons thee to heaven, or to hell.

LESSON CXCV.

Dialogue from Macbeth.-SHAKSPEARE.

SCENE.-MALCOLM and MACDUFF, in the king's palace in England.-Enter ROSSE from Scotland.

Macduff. See, who comes here?

Malcolm. My countryman; but yet I know him not.
Macd. My ever gentle cousin, welcome hither.

Mal. I know him now: Good God, betimes remove

The means that make us strangers!

Rosse. Sir, Amen.

Macd. Stands Scotland where it did?

Rosse. Alas, poor country;

Almost afraid to know itself!

It cannot

Be called our mother, but our grave: where nothing,
But who knows nothing, is once seen to smile;
Where sighs, and groans, and shrieks that rent the air,
Are made, not marked; where violent sorrow seems

A modern ecstasy; the dead men's knell

Is there scarce asked, for who; and good men's lives
Expire before the flowers in their caps,

Dying, or ere they sicken.

*Haft, handle.

Drops. [gouttes, French.] "Gut for drop is still

used in Scotland by physicians."-Johnson. The diphthong ou in gouts has the sound of oo, as in croup and group.

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