their own weight; but this was a secret even to 15 the Spaniards themselves. And, at the same, this confidence, grounded on 16 presumed strength,17 was useful to her, since it engendered, in the one, neglect of counsel, 18 and remissness; and, in the other, forethought and circumspection. Nevertheless, in that crisis19 of her fate, and, as it happened, of her glory, all these things together would not have sufficed, had not winds and sea fought with her. 15 Λανθάνειν. 16 Πιστεύων, with dative. 17 'H ioxús. 18 Ολι ORIGINAL PASSAGE. Such is the natural account of her foreign triumphs. Her domestic successes admit as easy a solution. Such was the condition of the times, that it forced her to assume the semblance, at least, of some popular virtues and so singular her fortune, that her very vices became as respectable, perhaps more useful to her reputation, than her virtues. She was vigilant in her counsels; careful in the choice of her servants; courteous and condescending to her subjects. She appeared to have an extreme tenderness for the interests, and an extreme zeal for the honour of the nation. This was the bright side of her character; and it shone brighter from the constant and imminent dangers to which she was exposed. On the other hand, she was choleric and imperious; jealous, timid, and avaricious; oppressive so far as she durst; in many cases capricious; in some tyrannical. Yet these vices, some of them sharpened and refined her policy, and the rest, operating chiefly towards her courtiers and dependants, strengthened her authority, and rooted her more firmly in the hearts of her people.- Character of Queen Elizabeth, from HURD, Moral and Political Dialogues. SAME PASSAGE ADAPTED. 2 11 And, concerning her foreign triumphs,1 it seems likely to be thus, while it is not difficult to reveal the causes of her domestic [successes]. For, owing to the times when she reigned, it was needful for her to assume the semblance of certain popular5 virtues, and it happened in a very wonderful manner, that her vices were both more graceful than her virtues, and more conducive to her reputation. She was vigilant in her counsels, and careful in choosing her servants, and affable and condescending towards her people; and she furthered 10 most zealously the interests, and had a provident regard for the glory of her country. And this was the bright [side] of her character; 12 and it shone the brighter owing to the dangers which constantly surrounded her. But, on the other hand, she was choleric13 in nature and imperious, and timid, and jealous, and avaricious, and, so far as she was able, oppressive,15 and, in many things capricious, 16 in others tyrannical, to those with her. But this failing,17 on the one hand, taught her to counsel well and dexterously, and, on the other, as it only affected 18 her courtiers 19 and dependants, fortified her power, and confirmed her popularity.20 Meanwhile Charles, satisfied with the easy and almost bloodless victory which he had gained, and advancing slowly with the precaution necessary in an enemy's country, did not yet know the whole extent of his own good fortune. But at last a messenger, dispatched by the slaves, acquainted him with the success of their noble effort for the recovery of their liberty; and, at the same time, deputies arrived from the town, in order to present him the keys of their gates, and to implore his protection from military violence. While he was deliberating concerning the proper measures for this purpose, the soldiers, fearing that they should be deprived of the booty which they had expected, rushed suddenly, and without orders, into the town, and began to kill and plunder without distinction. It was then too late to restrain their cruelty, their avarice or licentiousness. All the outrages of which soldiers are capable in the fury of a storm, all the excesses of which men can be guilty when their passions are heightened by the contempt and hatred which difference in manners and religion inspire, were committed.ROBERTSON, Charles the Fifth, book v. SAME PASSAGE ADAPTED. 8 Meanwhile1 Charles, satisfied because he had conquered easily and almost bloodlessly, at the same time marching slowly and not without precaution, as in an enemy's country, did not yet perceive his good fortune, how great it was.9 But at last the slaves, having [sent] announced 10 to him how they had succeeded,11 fighting boldly for their freedom; and, at the same time, other envoys 12 also came to him from the city, bearing the keys of the gates, and to deprecate,13 in their own behalf, the 1 Ἐν τούτῳ. 2 Kápoλos. JELF, § 450. 3 Αγαπῶν. indic. 5 Οσον οὐκ αὐτοβοεί. 6 Απερισκέπτως. Preface, p. 18. Optat. JELF, § 885; also 898, 2. 1 aor. mid. 11 Οἷα προχωρήσειε σφίσι, oratio obliqua. 13 Пapaireîodai, fut. partic. 9 4 1 aor. 1 Ἡ πολεμία. 10 Αγγέλλω, 12 13 Πρέσβεις. 21 16 violence of the soldiers. While he was considering 14 the measures proper 15 for this [purpose], these men, fearing lest they may not gain the booty they had expected," rushed rapidly, without orders,17 into the city, and began to slay 18 and plunder 19 indiscriminately.20 And, it being no longer possible to stop them murdering and plundering, and committing other outrages, 22 all the excesses 23 which it is possible for soldiers enraged, in the midst of a storm,24 to perpetrate,23 and all the crimes which men, excited by hatred and contempt which foreign 25 manners and gods create, would commit, were, without exception,20 committed. 14 Bovλeuw, gen. abs. See Preface, v. 4. Tile, 1 aor. partic. See Preface, p. 41. 20' Φέρω. 19 ὑβρίζοντες. § 696, obs. 5. 15 Τὰ ἐπιτήδεια. Αδιακρίτως. 21 Δυνατὸν ὄν, nom. abs. 26 16 'Eλ 13 Imperfect. 22 "Αλλως 23 "Οσα—παρανομεῖν. 24 Μεταξὺ πολιορκοῦντες. JELF, 25 ̓Αλλότριοι. 26 Οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ. VII. ORIGINAL PASSAGE. We should, likewise, be very apprehensive of those actions which proceed from natural constitutions, favourite passions, particular education, or whatever promotes our worldly interest or advantage. In these and the like cases, a man's judgment is easily perverted, and a wrong bias hung upon his mind. These are the inlets of prejudice, the unguarded enemies of the mind, by which a thousand errors and secret faults find admission, without being observed or taken notice of. A wise man will suspect those actions to which he is directed by something besides reason, and always apprehend some concealed evil in every resolution that is of a disputable nature, when it is conformable to his particular temper, his age or way M of life, or when it favours his pleasure or profit. There is nothing of greater importance to us than diligently to sift our thoughts, and examine all the dark recesses of the mind, if we would establish our souls in such a solid and substantial virtue as will turn to account in that great day when it must stand the test of infinite wisdom and justice. -Spectator, No. 399. SAME PASSAGE ADAPTED. 2 And we ought to be extremely cautious1 concerning what we do either according to nature, or gratifying our inclinations, or as we may severally chance to have been educated, or courting our immediate profit. For in these and such-like [cases], the judgment is easily turned aside, and the mind inclines to the worse [side]. Prejudice 10 insinuates itself11 through these unguarded gates of the mind, through which also ten thousand errors and secret lies enter unseen.12 Accordingly,13 a wise man suspects whatever he attempts 14 beside 15 reason, and is always apprehensive 16 lest whatever he has resolved upon 17 may be unsound,18 if disputable,19 and agreeing 20 with his temper,21 or his age, or his way of life,22 or tending 23 to his pleasure or profit. Surely therefore this, if ought else, is important24 for us, accurately to sift 25 whatever we think, and to examine 26 all these abysses of the mind, if we wish27 1 · Εὐλαβητέον. 2 * Χαρίζεσθαι. 3 Επιθυμία. 'Qs av, with conjunctive. W. Gr. Gr. § 177, b. JELF, § 841. 5 Θεραπεύειν. • To αὐτίκα χρήσιμον. KATAYιуVάσKELV. The infinitive with the article is less abstract than the 7 Γνώμη. noun. See Preface, § vi. 13 Γοῦν. διάκειται. 196 8 Διάνοια. ο Ρέπω. 10 Το προ 11 Ὑπεισέρχεσθαι. 12 Λανθάνω. 15 Пара, ассиз. 16 'Andws 18 Ὕπουλος. 20 Συμ 14 Conjunctive with av. 17 гiуváσкw, 2 aor. conjunctive, with äv. Being disputable,' àμpioßnrýσios. See Preface, § ix. y. 21 Τρόπος. 22 Δίαιτα. φωνῶν. 25 Εξετάζειν. 23 Σκοπών. 26 Εξερευνᾷν. 27 Preface, ix. y. 24 Σπουδαῖον. |