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good deal of sugar watered from wells. In 2 ог villages the Ahars good, and there the rice has kesari. The soil very tenacious of water; several small tanks quite full of water which seems to be neglected. The whole quite clear.

Country more fully occupied than on the 24th, but in other respects little different. Few plantations. Few or no palms; a few bamboos.

Country less fully occupied than yesterday, in other respects much the same. On the 3 last days there has been much cotton mixed with the pulse, and the same has probably been the ease before until (sic) I only discovered it to-day: the people busy digging wells for watering it. Of the waste, 8 are broken corners, 20 have not been cultivated for some years and are covered with long parched grass, 43 are covered with short grass, partly rice land deserted, partly high fields that seem to be occasionally cultivated with Chana. The same was the case on the two last days. The cattle allowed to eat the straw as they please on the thrashing floor.

For 154 the country much as yesterday, but no sugar.

The soil is as yesterday a stiff clay. In many villages. where the reservoirs have been neglected the people. have given up rice and have. sown both sides with rubbi which is seldom watered. The waste land is clear, and may be of what has no ahars. In ethers where the reservoirs are good the rice gives kesari, and there is no waste but broken corners, the inside of the tanks and vicinity of villages being occupied by rubbi, while the intermediate: spaces give rice. Much cotton. The, wells for watering it last only one year, and are lined with a grass rope. There are few plantations. In the remaining 49 parts the plantations increase and the soil is light. The tanks have been mostly neglected, and most of the country is covered with long grass. The rubbi

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all watered, but its quantity very inconsiderable. On the whole the waste consists of 5 broken corners, 4 deserted rice land, 434 clear, mostly in the west part, 31 long grass, mostly towards the east.

Wherever the tanks are in good order the country is well cultivated and the rice produces kesari, but in most parts the ahars have been neglected and much is waste, while the rice land as far as the tenants' strength goes is turned into rubbi. All the rubbi, except Chana, watered. The soil very hard and appa rently clay, but it is called mixed. Some say that rice and rubbi alternately do best. The waste land, broken 6, deserted rice flelds 15, clear or perhaps fallow rubbi land 29, long grass which is rice land long deserted 17, bushes which is rubbi land long deserted 5. Ali Huseyn Khan's estate in good condition. Baboo Sahebzadah's very bad.

No Chitni(1): most of the rice crop seems to have failed. All the rubbi watered, crop good. Many cattle. Some palmiras. The waste is: broken 4, clear 4. deserted 2, long grass 17. bushes 31, woods 47. Far from wishing to diminish these the whole lands of a village that was intermixed have been planted with Mangos, and in a few years will be a wood, for Mangoes and Mohuya are thick scattered through the forest which has many small villages intermixed.

Waste 21, broken, 13 long grass, chiefly the inside cf reservoirs, one of which has been just repaired. The village to which it belonged half fallen. No chitni(1). The waste, 5 broken, 2 deserted, 14 clear, 15 grass, bushes 5, wood 17. A little Chitni(1) in some places. Many cattle: a few palms; many plantations. As above.

scattered", or sown broadcast

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All the rubbi watered from wells except that in ahars. The waste consists of broken corners 6, deserted 4, clear 17, long grass 23, small bushes on poor sand land 18, very little chitni. The waste land has been evidently all once cultivated and the traces of the ahars remain. Plantations numer. ous all the way. Several ahars repairing this year. All the rubbi except in ahars watered. A few bamboos.

For about the first 5 miles most of the rubbi watered, the soil being looser. Beyond that, except near villages, much rubbi not watered but very poor, the soil stiffer and plantations fewer. The devastation old, but the plantations and sites of villages remain. Many villages entirely gone, in most some houses deserted. Most of the Ahars cultivated in the ditch. Dunawar(1) better than the Perganah nearest Karonj, some tanks being in good repair and having Chitni among the stubble. The waste broken 44, clear chiefly in Dhunawar (1) 26, grass 47.

The tanks in good repair, but some new ones wanted. The waste broken corners and long grass. Most of the rice has Chitni.

Country in both rather bare. The land at a distance from the villages neglected. Most of the rice chitni. Close to the villages the rubbi watered and the crops very rich; some poppy, much cotton, no sugar. At a little distance from the villages the rubbi not watered, very poor. One coconut palm in fruit but small. The waste, broken 5, Clear 32, long grass 5. The water of the nullah which runs most of the way much, although not entirely, neglected. A good deal of the waste apparently owing to its banks, which are rather broken.

Irrigation much neglected. Little or no use made of the 8 rivers. Not one

(1) Danwar (pargana).

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Feby. 19th Amayu to Mer

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Pain(1). Not one good Ahar, yet so retentive of moisture is the soil that much of the rice stubble has Chitni. The rubbi only near villages watered. Few plantations. A good deal of poppy; a little sugar; much cotton. The waste, broken 6, deserted land formerly watered by wells 2, clear 131, bushes 5.

Near Ramgur some very poor land; although ploughed, some of it I believe has not been sown. Farther en the soil good, and where watered the rubbi is excellent, a good deal Chitni. Tobacco fine, 5 sugar mills in one yard, a good deal of Sukurkund(2) in this vicinity. Waste, 4 broken corners, clear 5, grass 5, stunted woods 7, mostly Palas.

(1) A pain () is an artificial water channel, or canal, made for purposes of Irrigation.

(2) Sakarkand, the Sweet Potato, Ipomoea Batatas.

(3) i.e., reh, or soil impregnated with impure carbonate of soda.

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(1) In Shahabad the word tal is applied to low land at a distance from the village site, usually subject to inundation during the rainy season, and generally cultivated with winter or rabi crops. Here, however, Buchanan evidently means a tank or reservoir, a sense in which the word tal is used in the U. P. (Crooke, Agric, Glossary for N.-W. P. and Oudh). This latter is the original meaning (Sans.).

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