1764. ALFORD BUTLER, "Cornhill," was the son of Alford Butler who has already been mentioned. He was born in Boston, where he served his apprenticeship with William MacAlpine, and became a binder and sold a few books. In 1774 he removed to Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and there kept a school near twenty years, after which he returned, and again carried on business as formerly.

1764. ANDREW BARCLAY, "at the Bible in Cornhill," from Scotland, was bred to binding, and followed that business several years after he arrived in Boston. He sold a few books.

1764. JOHN MEIN, was from Scotland, and began business as a bookseller, in partnership with his countryman Sandeman, "in Marlborough Street." Their sales were wholly confined to Scotch and English editions; and their partnership closed at the expiration of one year.

In 1766, Mein kept the "London Book-Store North Side of King-Street," where he opened a large and valuable collection of European books, and a handsome assortment of stationery. As he sold for a reasonable profit, his trade became extensive. He commenced printing in partnership with John Fleming; reprinted several books, and published The Boston Chronicle, of which he was the editor.

Mein was a staunch royalist; the publications in the Chronicle rendered him very obnoxious; in consequence of which he returned to Europe in November 1769; his bookstore was then closed; and the Chronicle discontinued in 1770.

1764. SANDEMAN, "Marlborough-Street," came from Scotland in 1764, in company with his uncle, the celebrated preacher and founder of the sect called Sandemanians. Mein, the partner of Sandeman, came in the same ship.

1766. COX AND BERRY, first opened a shop "opposite Brattle-Street Church," whence they removed to "two

doors above the British Coffee-House," and, afterwards to "Cornhill." Edward Cox and Edward Berry, copartners, were from London; they were dealers in English books, and traded very largely in jewelery. After the commencement of the war, they removed to New York.

1767. JOSEPH SNELLING, "Fish-Street, Corner of Boarded-Alley." He was a binder, and sold school books and stationery.

1767. JOHN EDWARDS, " Cornhill," was the son of Joseph Edwards, and had a concern in the business with his father a few years. He died March 9, 1778, aged 25.

1768. JAMES FOSTER CONDY, "Union-Street," was the son of Jeremy Condy, whom he succeeded, and kept a good supply of English editions, &c. for sale. During the war he removed to Haverhill, where he kept school; and died in June, 1809.

1770. JOHN LANGDON, "Cornhill," served his apprenticeship with Wharton and Bowes; he began business with a good assortment of books; sold stationery, and carried on binding. He relinquished business after the beginning of the war.

1771. HENRY KNOX, "Cornhill," served his apprenticeship with Wharton and Bowes, binders and booksellers. He opened a large store with a valuable collection of books, &c. The war changed him from a bookseller to a soldier. He joined the army, and continued in it during the war; and, on account of his good conduct, and superior military talents, was promoted by Congress to the rank of major general. He was also made secretary at war before and after the adoption of the present constitution. He died at Thomastown, in the district of Maine, October 25, 1806.

1771. A. ELLISON, "Newbury-Street," was born in England, and brought up to binding; which business he followed in Boston, and sold a few books in common use.

After living in Boston three or four years, he removed to Newport.

The chief of the printing done in Cambridge and Boston, previously to the year 1750, was for booksellers; printers did but little on their own account. Even the laws, acts, &c., of the government were printed for booksellers. The books printed during a century, in New England, were nearly all on religion, politics, or for the use of schools.

BOOKSELLERS' MEETING, 1724.

The booksellers of Boston, in 1724, had a meeting for the purpose of augmenting the prices of sundry books; an addition to the prices was agreed on; but, I believe not generally adopted.

CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

1641. HENRY DUNSTER, the first president of Harvard college, sold such books as were sent from England by Joseph Glover.

1650. SAMUEL GREEN, the second printer at Cambridge, sold school books, versions of the Psalms, and some other religious works, principally such as were printed at his press.

CHARLESTOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

1715. ELEAZAR PHILLIPS, removed from Boston to that place. He was a dealer in books, which were printed in New England.

NEWBURYPORT.

1760. BULKELEY EMERSON, was a binder, and sold a few books. He was the only one of the trade who did business in that place before 1775. The office of post master was held by him many years.

SALEM.

1686. JOHN DUNTON, opened a store, and sold a quantity of books which he brought from London. He returned to England.

1761. MASCOL WILLIAMS, was a binder, and traded principally in school books, and stationery. He was postmaster.

These are all the booksellers who lived in Massachusetts previous to the war, or at least they are all concerning whom I have been able to make any discoveries.

PORTSMOUTH, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

1716. ELEAZAR RUSSELL, sold books, principally such as were used in schools.

The laws of New Hampshire were printed in Boston, anno 1716, "for Eleazar Russell at his shop in Portsmouth." He died in May, 1764, aged seventy-three years.

1757. DANIEL FOWLE, kept a very small stock of books for sale, but never paid much attention to bookselling. Before the revolution there was not a bookstore of any note in New Hampshire.

1770. WILLIAM APPLETON, served his apprenticeship in Boston, and sold books in common use. He died a few years after he settled in Portsmouth.

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

1743. J. POMEROY, bookseller, and postmaster.

1749. SAMUEL Cook, imported and sold some English books, but did not continue long in business.

1756. JAMES PARKER & Co., printers, dealt, in a small way, in books and stationery.

1759. JOHN HOTCHKISS, sold merchandise of various kinds; and dealt somewhat largely in books, supplies of which he received from New York.

1763. BENEDICT ARNOLD. well known afterwards as a major general in the American army, and as deserting the cause of his country, combined the bookselling business with that of a druggist, and was in the trade from 1763 to about 1767; he imported books from England.

1768. JAMES LOCKWOOD, dealt largely in books until about the year 1775.

1768. ISAAC BEERS. A respectable bookseller. He died in August, 1813.

HARTFORD.

1726. SOLOMON SMITH, was a bookseller and druggist from 1763 to about 1775.

NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND.

1760. C. CAMPBELL, bookseller and postmaster.

PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

1762. ANDREW OLIPHANT, a Scotchman of good education. He was an acquaintance of the poet Thomson, author of The Seasons. He resided but a few years in Providence and then removed to South Carolina.

NEW YORK.

1743. CATHARINE Zenger, sold pamphlets and some articles of stationery.

1747. ROBERT CROMMELIN, " near the Meal-Market;" he was from Scotland, and became a dealer in books, and in English and Scotch goods.

HUGH GAINE, "at the Bible and Crown in HanoverSquare." He was from Ireland, where he had been brought up a printer. He came to New York about 1745, and worked as a journeyman about six years in Parker's printing house; first, at 9s. currency (one dollar and an eighth) per week, and found himself; and afterwards he had a