sert the name of the body], held on [here insert the time and place of meeting], Mr. [insert chairman's name] in the chair, and [here insert secretary's name] acting as secretary

"The minutes of the preceding meeting were read and approved."

If the reading of the minutes was dispensed with, say so, instead of the preceding line.

Then give a statement of what was done, without comments, as succinctly as possible, down to the adjournment.

In countersigning an order for money, or in giving a certified copy of the minutes, or an extract from them, always sign the name on the left-hand corner of each sheet except the last. On the last, the signature on the same corner should be preceded-if an order for money -by the word teste or attest; and if it be a copy of ininutes, by the words "A true copy of the minutes."

In case of an adjournment for want of a quorum, say: "At a stated [or special, etc.] meeting called at [name place and time], no quorum being present, the meeting adjourned."

In recording the yeas and nays, prepare a list of the members, or have it on hand, and after the name of each have two columns ruled.

Where a member votes "aye," write it in the first column, or head one column "aye," and the other "no," and make a mark in the proper column, opposite the name. Where he votes "no," write it on the second. Add and enter the number at the foot of each column. up, Indorse the resolution or motion voted upon on the back of the list.

Where a report is made, it is not necessary in the min

utes to do more than give an abstract of its contents, or a sentence or two indicating its nature. The report should, however, be indorsed with its title, and the date of its report, and filed.

A list of the orders of the day should always be made out previous to every meeting, for the convenience of the presiding officer.

III. Corresponding Secretary.

In addressing a letter for the body, write the words "Corresponding Secretary," as concluding part of the signature, and retain a copy of the letter sent, with a record of the time it was dispatched, stating whether by mail or private hand.

IV. The Treasurer.

The form of account of the treasurer is very simple. The following will give an idea of the plan which will answer, in most cases, for an annual statement; but where the accounts are complicated, a regular set of books should be opened, and kept by double entry:

DR. The Bergen Institute, in account with John Smith, Treasurer.

CR.

$16 75 Feb. 15 By

do

$48 50 49 50

March 15

do

46 50

65 00

66 15

do

250

April 15 150 May 15 164 June 15 July 15

66

do

48 50

66

do

48 50

65 00 Aug. 15
Sept. 15

65 00 Oct.

15 66

Nov. 15

V. The Librarian.

The catalogue of books and MSS. should be numbered and classified by size. For this matter see title "Libraries and Museums," post. Then the record of loans should be made out somewhat in this fashion:

The abbreviations O., D., Oct., V., and T., mean severally octavo, duodecimo, 18mo, 24mo, and 32mo.

A separate column may be added to the above, headed "Remarks," in which the librarian may enter an account of the condition of the books, etc., when returned.

VI. The Curator.

The curator's catalogue should have three columns: the first containing the name or description of each article in charge; the second, how obtained; and the third, the mode of its acquisition, whether by purchase, donation, or exchange. If minerals, shells, or natural curiosities, another column is to be added for the original locality of the specimen.

VII. The Committees.

The chairman of the committee of the whole, when the committee has risen, will say to the president of the main body, if it have concluded its business:

"Mr. President: The committee of the whole has, ac

cording to order, gone through the business assigned to it, and asks leave to report."

Leave being granted, he reports what has been done. Or, not having concluded

"The committee of the whole has, according to order considered the business assigned to it, and made progress therein, but not having time to conclude the same, ask leave to sit again."

Or, if rising from want of a quorum

"The committee of the whole has, according to order, considered [or proceeded to consider] the business assigned to it, but has risen for want of a quorum."

In putting the question for rising

"It has been moved and seconded that this committee do now rise and report [or report progress]. So many as are in favor," etc.

All written reports are headed after a similar form. If from a standing committee, thus:

"The committee on [insert name of committee] ro spectfully report ." And then let the report follow.

If a special committee

"The committee to which was referred [here state the special matter of reference], have considered the same, and respectfully report,” etc.

And all reports conclude with:

"All of which is respectfully submitted."

A minority report is headed:

"The undersigned, the minority of a committee to which was referred," etc.

And concludes as in a majority report.

PART V.

RULES OF ORDER.

I. Quorum.

1. A QUORUM is a sufficient number to legally transact business. A majority of the members of any association constitutes a natural quorum; but a smaller number is usually made a quorum, by a provision to that effect in the constitution or by-laws, through motives of convenience.

2. If there be a quorum present at the hour named for the meeting, or within thirty minutes thereafter, the presiding officer takes the chair, and calls the association to order; if not, he waits a reasonable time, and from the chair announces that no quorum is present. There upon no further business is in order, except to adjourn for want of a quorum. But it will be in order to call the roll of members, and to make endeavor to obtain the presence of enough to form a quorum.

3. During the transaction of business, should it be observed that no quorum is present, the chair may announce the fact, or any member may call for a count. If, on counting, it be found that there is no quorum, business is suspended until a quorum be found. If not to be had, the meeting must be adjourned.

4. If, on calling the ayes and noes, or on division, a quorum be not found, the vote is null, and at the next

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