3. Give the classes of Adjectives. Which class is most numerous ?

4. What are the Pronominal Adjectives? Show how they come under the definition of the Adjective.

5. What is the difference of meaning between 'this' and 'that?' Why are they called correlative words? 6. What are the words-your, his, its, their-called? and why?

7. What are the words-much, great, some, any? Show how they comply with the definition of the Adjective. Show also that they cannot be Nouns. Can any of them be Pronouns?

8. What are the words-five, third, triple? How do they answer to the definition of the Adjective?

—all, any, most, several, few ?

9. What are

10. What are either, each, every?

11. What is the difference of meaning between 'either ' and each ?'

12. What is the difference between 'all' and' every? 13. Give some Adjectives of Quality from the classesTime, Space, Form, Motion, Colour. Apply to some of them the definition of the Adjective.

14. How do we know an Adjective of Quality? Take as examples-old, rapid, smooth, pleasant.

15. Give a reason for regarding Proper Adjectives as Adjectives of Quality.

16. What is the use of 'a,' called the Indefinite Article? Take the examples-a man, a table, a church.

17. What is the use of the,' called the Definite Article ? Give the meaning of the man, the table, the church.

18. What are the substitutes for the Adjective?

19. Restrict the noun 'man' by the signification 'rich,' expressed as an Adjective Clause.

20. What is a participial phrase? How may it be derived from an Adjective Clause?

QUESTIONS ON THE ADJECTIVE.

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21. In the designation-London Weekly Express-what are the words' London' and ' Weekly ?' State the meaning by clauses in full.

22. When a prepositional phrase takes the place of an Adjective, what Part of Speech does it answer to ? and what does it qualify?

23. Fill up the omitted words in-Jacob's ladder, Time's revenge.

24. Give an example of an Adverb occupying the place of an Adjective. Give some omitted verb, which the Adverb qualifies.

25. Give a sentence containing an Adjective in the Predicate. What is the character of the Verb in such a Sentence?

26. Show that the Adjective in the Predicate is not restrictive, but co-ordinating. Examples-marine animals are cold; old wine is costly. What are the names that the predicate adjective restricts?

27. When an Adjective goes along with a Proper or Singular name, show that it cannot be restrictive.

THE VERB.

DEFINITION.

1. The Verb is the chief word used in predication.

:

There can be no Sentence without a Verb:William speaks; rivers deposit mud; gold is heavy.

When we predicate, or affirm, of William that he speaks, we use a verb. The predication respecting rivers-' deposit mud' contains the verb 'deposit,' and the object 'mud.' The predicate of gold-' is heavy-contains the verb 'is' and the adjective' heavy.'

2. The Verb takes on different forms to express the circumstances of Predication; the chief circumstance being TIME.

'William speaks' means that William is performing the act of speaking now, or at the present time. 'Pitt spoke'would mean that the act took place in past time.

No part of Speech, except the Verb, undergoes changes for time. In other parts of speech there are words that express time-as the adverbs 'now,' 'formerly;' but that is their only purpose.

The other circumstances expressed by the Verb, besides Time, are given under INFLECTION.

INTRANSITIVE VERBS.

CLASSES OF VERBS.

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3. I. Transitive Verbs; where the predicate is completed by an Object:-shepherds watched their flocks.

'Watch' is a transitive verb; its meaning is completed by naming what the shepherds watched-' their flocks.'

The following are Transitive Verbs :-give, make, create, touch, train, break, kill, vanquish, lead, follow, rule, raise, add, dig, persuade, save, cherish.

Sentences containing a Transitive verb are those that give the fullest account of an action. When anything is done, we usually wish to know, first, who does it (Subject), second, what is the nature of the action (Verb), third, what person or thing the action is performed upon (Object), 'Hannibal crossed the Alps, and defeated the Romans.' This contains two actions, each completely stated in a sentence with Subject, Verb, and Object.

Transitive Verbs can be turned into the form called the PASSIVE VOICE, the object then becoming the subject:-the flocks were watched by the shepherds; the Romans were defeated by Hannibal.

4. II. Intransitive Verbs; where the predicate is complete without an Object :-the sea roars; the stars twinkle.

'The sea roars'—contains as subject 'the sea,' and as predicate the verb 'roars,' which possesses a meaning complete in itself.

The sun shines; the clouds drift; time passes; nations rise and fall; the wound healed; we sat, the others stood; some rode, some walked; a few spoke, none read, many listened.

Transitive Verbs may become intransitive by expressing the action generally, or without reference to any particular Object. 'He digs a field,' is Transitive; 'he digs' is Intransitive, and means that his general occupation is digging. 'Virgil wrote the Eneid;' 'he writes,' as a profession. 'I see a ship; the puppy sees' or has attained its sight.

Intransitive Verbs may be qualified both by an Adverb, and by an Adverbial phrase:-run quickly; follow in haste; we laughed at Joseph. Very often the preposition can be taken with the verb, making it a compound transitive verb: -laugh at, contend for, run against. These compound verbs can be used in the passive voice, which is the surest mark of a transitive verb:-Joseph was laughed at; the office was contended for; the carriage was run against; the proposal was not to be neered at; everything was seen to.

The process of forming compound verbs by prepositions is not confined to Intransitive verbs. We use it in all verbs; build up, take down, drive along, pass by, strike for, &c. It is one of the regular processes of the language, for increasing the number of useful words.

Some Transitive verbs appear to have a second Object:make me a coat; pay the tailor his bill; he taught us music. The proper objects in these sentences are-make a coat, pay his bill, taught music. The others, sometimes called Indirect Objects, are considered as adverbial adjuncts in the several sentences:-make a coat for me; pay his bill to the tailor; he taught music to us.

5. III. Verbs of Incomplete Predication:be, seen, become, appear, call, grow, live, &c.

These verbs do not take an Object after them, as Transitive verbs do, and they do not of themselves give a meaning, like Intransitive Verbs. They are completed by