ǎgili-tas, agility (ǎăgili-); amœni-tas, pleasantness (ămœno-); antiqvitas, antiquity (antīqvo-); anxie-tas, anxiety (anxio-); Apple-tas (formed by Cic. Fam. 3. 7), Appius-ness (Appio-); aspĕri-tas, roughness (aspĕro-); assidui-tas, constant attention, frequency (assiduo-); atrōci-tas, cruelty (atrōci-); auctör-i-tas, advice, authority (auctōr-); ǎvidi-tas, greediness (avido-); benigni-tas, kindliness, bounty (běnigno-); cæci-tas, blindness (cæco-); călămitas (călămo-, a stalk? comp. Káλaμos and culmus), blight, disaster; cāri-tas, dearness (cāro-); celebri-tas, celebrity (celebri-); civi-tas, citizenship (cīvi-); dignitas, worthiness (digno-); döcili-tas, aptness for being taught (dŏcili-); ēbriě-tas, drunkenness (ēbrio-); făcîli-tas, easiness; făcul-tas, doableness, power (făcili-); fămiliäri-tas, intimacy (fămiliāri-); hērēditas, inheritance (hērēd-); hōnes-tas, honourableness (hönōs-); humāni-tas, fellow-feeling, politeness (hūmāno-); immūni-tas, freedom from public charges (immūni-); jŭven-tas, youth (jŭvěn-); lěví-tas, lightness (levi-); liber-tas, freedom (liběro-); mājes-tas, dignity (majōs-); mōrōsi-tas, fretfulness (mōrōso-); něcessi-tas, necessity (necesse); pauci-tas, fewness (pauco-); pauper-tas, poverty (paupěr-); pie-tas, dutifulness (pio-); postĕri-tas, posterity (postěro-); proprie-tas, proper quality, ownership (proprio-); qvali-tas, quality (qväli-); sǎtie-tas, satiety (comp. sǎtis, sǎtiāt-); sēcūri-tas, security (securo-); simplici-tas, simplicity (simplici-, nom. simplex); societas, partnership (socio-); tempes-tas, a season, weather (tempŎs-); vărie-tas, variety (vărio-); über-tas, fertility (über-); věnus-tas, beauty (věnŭs-); vernili-tas, slavishness, coarse jesting (vernili-); větus-tas, oid age (vetus-); üni-tas, unity (uno-); universi-tas, a whole, either of persons (i.e. a corporation) or of things (universo-); võlun-tas, will (for võlenti-tas, § 28); võlup-tas, pleasure (võlůp, § 516); utili-tas, usefulness (utili-); and many others. -es-t-ät -ōti -ōt -üt -tüt -ēti ĕg-es-tas, want (ĕg-ēre); pot-estas, power (põti-); pro- 811 bably formed as if from substantives in ōs- or ðs- (as honestas, tempes-tas). dōs (f.), a dowry (dă-). něpōs (m.), a grandson (comp. d-vey-tós, i. e. common grandson); sacerdos (m. f.), a priest (sacero-, da-). sălūs (f.), safety (for salvo-t-). Substantives feminine: juven-tus, youth (juven-); sěnec-tus, old age (sen-ec-); locuples, rich (perhaps compound of loco- and plē-to; cf. 812 -Iti Quiris, a Roman citizen; Samnīs, a Samnite (Samnio-). Compound stem-endings: -tumo, § 757; -tivo, § 764; -tico, -trici, §§ 769, 782; -tāt, -estāt, -tut, §§ 810, 811; -tüdon, § 847; -tino, -ter-no, -tino, -trino, §§ 827, 829, 840, 842; -tiōn (-siōn), § 854; -tibili (-sibili), § 877; -tili (-sili), § 878; -tero, -astero, -tūro (-suro), §§ 888, 889, 893; -tru, -těri, -estěri, -těr, -tōr (-sōr), §§ 903—905, 908; -ticio, -itio, -ntio, -tōrio (-sōrio), §§ 931-933, 943. -80 iii. Stems ending in -so, -si (for -to, -ti). See under -to, §§ 787, 788. For -onso (§ 191.2), and this again perhaps for -onti-o; comp. γερουσία for γεροντία. The -1 probably caused or assisted the assibilation (§ 143). Adjectives (said to be 500 in number) expressing fitness: 813 actu-osus, full of motion (actu-); æstu-osus, burning hot (æstu-): ambiti-osus, ambitious (ambitu-); ǎnim-osus, spirited (ănĭmo-); ann-osus, full of years, aged (anno-); ǎqv-osus, watery (ǎqva-); călămit-osus, disastrous (for călămĭtāt-osus); call-osus, hard-skinned (callo-); capti-osus, ensnaring, captious (captu- or captiōn-); căriosus, decayed (cărie-); clamosus, screaming (for clamōs-osus); cōpiosus, rich (copia-); crimin-osus, reproachful (crimen-); dòl-osus, crafty (dolo-); ebri-osus, a drunkard (ēbrio-); fām-osus, notorious for good or ill (fāma-); form-osus, shapely (forma); fråg-osus, broken (for frågōs-osus); fructu-osus, fruitful (fructu-); frutic-osus, full of shrubs (frutěc-); genĕr-osus, shewing breed, well-born (gěnŭs-); grati-osus, influential (grātia-); herb-osus (poet.), grassy (herba-); ingeni-osus, clever (ingěnio-); invidi-osus, exposed to odium (invidia-); joc-osus, sportive (jŏco-); luxŭri-ocus, luxurious (luxŭria-); mendosus, faulty (men-da-); morb-osus, diseased (morbo-); mōr-osus, wayward, cross (mōs-, a whim); niv-osus, snowy (nivi-); nōd-osus, knotty (nodo-); ŏdi-osus, troublesome (ŏdio-); offici-osus, dutiful, obliging (officio-); onĕr-osus, burdensome (õnŭs-); ōti-osus, at leisure (ōtio-); pecuni-osus, moneyed (pěcūnia-); pěricul-osus, dangerous (pěriculo-); pernici-osus, destructive (pernicie-); pisc-osus (rare, Öv., Verg.), full of fish (pisci-); quæstu-osus, gainful (qvæstu-); religi-osus, scrupulous (for religiōn-osus); silv-ōsus, wooded (silva-); sqvām-osus, scaly (sqvāma-); strig-osus, thin (? striga-, a swathe); studi-osus, zealous (studio-); suspīci-osus, suspicious (for suspicionosus); sumptu-osus, costly (sumptu-); vent-osus, windy (vento-); ventri-osus, potbellied (ventri-); verb-osus, wordy (verbo-); verminosus (Plin.), full of worms (vermen-); vīn-osus, wine loving (vīno-); viti-osus, faulty (vitio-); and many others. -c-ōso -1-ōso belli-cosus, war-loving (bello-, comp. bellicus, adj.); 814 -ic-ul-ōso febr-iculosus (Catull.), feverish (febri-, febricula-); měticulosus (Plaut.), in fear (mětu-); sit-iculosus (Hor.), parched (siti-); somn-īculosus, drowsy (somno-). -u-ōso -i-080 -en-si Probably formed on a false analogy with quæstu-osus, &c.: monstr-uosus, prodigious (monstro-); montu-osus, mountainous (monti-, but cf. § 405); võluptu-osus (Plin. Ep.), pleasurable (voluptat-). Probably formed on a false analogy with odiosus, &c.: cür-iosus, careful (cūra-); lăbōr-iocus, laborious (1ǎbōs-); lusc-it-i-osus (or lusc-iosus), purblind (lusco-). Adjectives (some used as substantives) formed from names 815 of places: I. From appellatives: atri-ensis (m. sc. servus), house steward (atrio-); castr-ensis, of the camp (castro-); circ-ensis, of the circus (circo-); för-ensis, of the forum (fòro-); frètense (sc. mare), the straits of Sicily (frěto-); Lătĕr-ensis, properly of the bodyguard (lǎtǎs-); Portu-ensis (Cod. Theod.), of the Port, viz. Ostia (portu-); prāt-ensis, of the meadows (prāto-). 2. From proper names (which are given in brackets in the nom. case): Alli-ensis (Allia); Ambraci-ensis (Ambracia); Arīmĭmenses (Arīminum); Bononi-ensis (Bonōnia); Cann-ensis (Canna); Circei-ensis (Circeii); Corfini-ensis (Corfinium); Cur-ensis (Cures); Herculanensis (Herculaneum); Hispal-ensis (Hispălis or Hispal); Hispāniensis (Hispania); Narbon-ensis (Narbo); Osc-ensis (Osca in Spain); Osti-ensis (Ostia); Sicili-ensis (Sicilia); Veli-ensis (Velia, (1) part of Palatine; (2) town in Lucania); Volsini-ensis (Volsinii); Utic-ensis (Utica); and others. -1-en-si Probably from false analogy (with words in preceding section). They are rarely used. Athen-iensis (Athena); Carthagin-iensis (Carthago); Corinthienses (Corinthus); Croton-iensis (Croto); Latin-iensis (Latinus?); Rhod-iensis (Rhodus). of. Megalensia (weydii] Compound stem-ending: es-Imo, § 758. See also § 918. (a) From verbs with -e stems, the final e being changed to i. (The verb has been added in the following list only when not simple in form or evident in meaning.) ǎci-dus, sour; albi-dus, white; algi-dus, cold (rare, except as name of mɔuntain near Rome); āri-dus, dry; ăvi-dus, greedy; călidus or caldus (cf. Quint. 1. 6. 19), hot; calli-dus, crafty; candi-dus, white; ēvāni-dus, vanishing (ēvāne-sc-ĕre); fervi-dus, glowing; flacci-dus, flaccid; flōri-dus, flowery; fœti-dus, stinking; frīgi-dus, cold; fulgi-dus, glistening; grăvi-dus, heavy with child (grăve-sc-ĕre); horri-dus, bristling, fearful; langvi-dus, languid; liqvi-dus (§ 243), clear; līvi-dus, blue, envious; luci-dus, bright; mădi-dus, wet; marci-dus, fading; müci-dus, mouldy; niti-dus, shining; õli-dus, stinking; palli-dus, pale; păvi-dus, frightened; plăci-dus, pleased, calm (plăcere, to be pleasing); puti-dus, rotten; putri-dus, rotten; ranci-dus, rancid (no verb, but present participle in Lucr.); rīgi-dus, stiff; rubi-dus (rübidus, Plaut. twice), red; sordi-dus, filthy; sqvälidus, squalid; stupi-dus, amazed; tābi-dus, decaying; těpi-dus, warm; timi-dus, timid; torpi-dus, benumbed; torri-dus, burning; tŭmi-dus, swelling; turgi-dus inflated; văli-dus, strong; ūmi-dus, damp; űvidus or udus, wet (ūve-sc-ere). (b) From verbs with -I or consonant stems: cupi-dus, desirous (cùpě-re); flui-dus, liquid (flu-ĕre); răpi-dus, hurried (răpĕ-re); vivi-dus, lively (viv-ĕre). (c) From substantives or of obscure derivation: absur-dus, tuneless (ab, sur-, comp. su-sur-rus, σup-íšew: and for the meaning Cicero's expression 'vox absona et absurda,' Or. 3. 11); bardus, stupid (comp. Bpadós); claudus, lame; cru-dus, raw (crus-, hard? comp. crus-ta, kpúσ-тaλλos. κρú-os); fidus, faithful (comp. fid-es, perfid-us); fœdus, foul (comp. fœtere, fœti-dus); fordus (cf. § 134), pregnant; fūmi-dus, smoky (fūmo-); gěli-dus, icy (gělu-); herbi-dus, grassy (herba-); hispidus, shaggy (comp. hir-tus, hirsutus); lěpidus, charming (from presumed lěpēre; comp. lěpōs-); limpi-dus (Catull., Col.), clear (lympha? comp. λáμπew); lūridus, ghastly yellow (comp. lūrōr, Lucr.); morbi-dus, diseased (morbo-); nūdus, naked; ràbi-dus, mad (răbie-); sõli-dus, firm (solo-, ground); stõli-dus, stockish, stupid (comp. stolōn-, a useless sucker); svādus, persuasive (svādēre); sūci-dus, juicy (sūco-); sūdus, dry (se, udo-?); sur-dus, deaf; tardus, slow; trèpidus, scared, furried (comp. trěmĕre); turbi-dus, disturbed (turba-); văpi-dus, flat, spoiled (văpōs-, from a presumed văpēre). 2. Substantives: (a) Masculine: cădus, a cask; gurdus, a dolt (Spanish word 816 acc. to Quint. I. 5. 57); hædus, a goat; ludus, a game; modus, a measure; nīdus, a nest; nõdus, a knot; turdus, a fieldfare; vērēdus (Mart.), a hunter (horse). (b) Feminine: ǎlauda, a lark (Keltic); aplūda, chaff; bascauda, a basket; cassida (usually cassis), a helmet; cauda, a tail; cicada, a grasshopper; crepida, a sandal (from кρηî-); merda, dung; præda, booty; ræda, a four-wheeled carriage (Keltic; cf. Quint. I. 5. 57); tæda, a torch. (c) Neuter: essědum, a gig (Keltic); lārīdum (lardum), bacon; oppidum, a town (comp. Tínedоv?); pědum, a shepherd's crook; vădum, a shoal, ford. -un-do or -en-do 1. Verbal adjectives: (a) As gerundive: for use see Book IV. Chap. XIV. and 817 Appendix to Syntax. On their formation see §§ 617,618. ǎma-ndus, to love or to be loved (ămāre); audi-endus (audire); capi-endus (căpěre); gign-endus (gi-gu-ere); mon-endus (monere); nasc-endus (nasci); reg-endus (régère); tribu-endus (tribu-ĕre); and so from all transitive verbs (§ 1186). (b) As present participle (without an object accusative) or ordinary adjective: blandus, soothing (comp. flāre); infandus, něfandus, unspeakable (fāri); mundus, clean; ori-undus, arising (örī-ri); pandus, crooked; rot-undus, round (comp. rot-are); secundus, following, hence second (sèqvi); volv-endus, rolling (volvěre). (2) Substantives: (a) Masculine: fundus, a landed estate, the bottom; also an authoriser; mundus, ornaments, also the universe (as transl. of kóσμos). (b) Feminine: funda, a sling (fund-ĕre?); Kǎlendæ (pl.), the first of the month (summoning day? comp. călăre, kκăλeîv); menda, a fault; měrenda, dinner; sponda, a bedstead; turunda, a paste-ball; suggrunda, the eaves; unda, water. -ěb-undo or -Ib-undo Adjectives, originally gerundives: 818 frem-ěbundus, muttering (frěm-ĕre); für-ibundus, raging (fur-ère); lascīv-ibundus (Plaut. Stich. 288), playful (lascivi-re); lūd-ibundus, sporting (lûd-ère); mòr-Ibundus, dying (mŏri, mòrīri) pudi-bundus, bashful (půdēre); qvěr-ibundus, plaintive (queri); rīdi-bundus, laughing (rīdēre); trěm-ĕbundus, trembling (trěm-ĕre). -ab-undo From verbs with a stems. Many of these forms are 819 found only in Livy and post-Augustan historians. comissã-bundus, revelling; contiōnā-bundus, haranguing; cunctăbundus, hesitating; dēlībĕra-bundus, deliberating; dēprĕcā-bundus, deprecatingly; errā-bundus, wandering about; grâtülā-bundus, |