pără

pări

pend

pět

pŭg

răpi

să

scalp

sĕcă

sĕqv

sŎn

spěcă

stǎtǎ

stern

süg

opipărus, help-providing (õpi-).

frugipărus (Lucr.), fruit-producing (früg-); puerpera, puerperium, child-bearing (puěro-).

libripens, balance-hanger, i.e. a scalesman (libra-); stipendium (for stipipendium), pay (stip-).

heredipeta (Petr.), inheritance-seeker (for hereditatipeta?).

solipuga, sole-pricker? a venomous snake (sŏlo-).

pinnirăpus, a feather-snatcher (pinna-). (In Plautus bustirăpus, body-snatcher, is probably a hasty compound for ex busto rapère, or bustum is taken as a burat body).

vītisător, vine-planter (viti-).

dentiscalpium, toothpick (denti-).

fænisex, hay-cutter (fæno-).

pēdisĕqvus, foot-following, i. e. an attendant (pěd-).

ærisõnus, bronze-sounding (æs-); horrisõnus, shuddersounding (horr-, stem of horr-e-re, horr-or); luctisonus (Ov.), doleful (luctu-).

auspex, bird-viewer (ǎvi-); extispex, entrail-viewer (exto-); hǎruspex, gut-viewer? (comp. hilla for hirula).

justitium, suspension of law courts (jūs-); solstitium, sun-staying, i.c. time when the sun is stayed (sōl-).

lectisternium, couch-covering (lecto-); sellisternium, chair-covering (sella-), two religious ceremonies.

sangvisūga, a bloodsucker, leech (sangvĕn-).

těně- arcītenens, bow-holding (arcu-).

těrě

tue

ferritĕrus (Plaut.), iron-rubber, ferritĕrium (Plaut.), iron-rubbing (ferro-).

ædituus, a sacristan (ædi-).

tergiversari, turn one's back, shuffle (tergo-).

versa

võrā

carnivõrus, flesh-eating (caron-).

Luck.

E. Oblique predicate+verb:

æqvĭpĕrāre, to make equal (æquo-); amplificare, to enlarge (amplo-); ludificare, to make game of (ludo-); mitificāre, to make mild (míti-); purificare, purify (pūro-).

So perhaps mitigare (mitem agere?); lēvigare, make smooth (lēvi-); purgare, cleanse (puro-).

993

Here may be put the half-compounds (§ 300) with facere or 994 fieri. (The quantity of the e is here marked only when proof exists, and in that case the author's name is added. Ritschl. Opusc. II. 618 sqq. lays down the rule that in the Scenic poets the e is long in verbs with long penult, short in verbs with short penult.)

allice-; āre-; călě-, percălě- (Plaut., Lucr. &c. also cal-, excal-); cande-, excande-; condŏce; expergē- (Plaut., Lucr.); ferve-, confervē- (Lucr.), perferve-; frīge-, perfrīgē- (Plaut.); lăbě- (Ter., Ov.); conlǎbě- (Lucr.); liqvē- (Lucr., Catull., Ov.); mădě(Plaut., Verg., &c.), permădě- (Plaut.); commoně- (Plaut.); obsole-; ŏl-; pătě- (Plaut., Verg., Ov., &c.), pătē- (Lucr.); păvě- (Ov., Sen.), perpǎvě- (Plaut.); pingve- (Plin.); putrě- (Ov.), pūtrē(Plaut., Lucr., for which Ritschl. pūtē-); quǎte- (Auct. Ep. ad Brut.); rārē- (Lucr.); růbě- (Ov.); stůpě- (Verg., Ov., &c.); obstupe- (Ter., but see edd.); assue-, consue-, mansue-; contābē(Plaut.); těpě- (Catull., Verg., Hor.), těpē- (Catull.); perterre-; timě- (Lucr.); pertimě- (Pacuv.); trěmě- (Prop., Verg., Ov., &c.); tůmě- (Prop., Ov.); văcē- (Lucr.), văcue- (Cic., Nep.).

ciněfactus (Lucr.) is a bold compound from cinis- (which would give cinĕrĭfactum), as if there were a verb cînēre, to be ashy. Similar non-existent verbs are presumed in rare-, vace-, vacue- (above). In allice-, condoce-, experge-, commone-, quate-, perterre-, à neuter signification or passive infinitive appears to be presumed. Either these verbs are formed on a false analogy, or they may be compared with such phrases as “es lässt sich begreifen," "je me suis senti entraîner."

Compare also dētērrificus, horrificus, terrificus, § 992.

The incompleteness of the composition is seen in the separation of the parts in ferve bene facit (Cato), perferve ita fit, consul quoque faciunt, excande me fecerunt (all in Varr. R. R.), and facit are (Lucr.). Perhaps also in facit putre (Varr. R. R. 1. 41. 2).

For fabrefactus see § 997.

Here also may be put the compounds qvïvis, qvantusvis; qvili- 995 bet, qvantuslibet, what you please, as great as you please. The pronoun retains its inflexions, but is treated syntactically, as if it were expressing an absolute name or quality, and were not really an object (to vis) or oblique predicate.

F. Subject+verb:

ǎliēnīgěnus, born of foreigners (alieno genitus); angvigena, snake-born; caprigenus, of goat stock; primigenus, first-born; terrigena, earth-born; vitigenus, vine-produced (vīti-).

(Perhaps these should be referred to A, § 988).

bucina, an ox-horn trumpet (bos canit; but cf. 997, can-); gallicinium, time of cockcrowing (gallus canit); gelicidium (Cat., Varr., Col.), boarfrost (gelu cadit); poplifugium, people's flight (populus fugit); rēgifugium, king's flight (rex fugit); rēgificus, royal (rex facit); stillicidium, a dripping (stilla cadit).

996

G. Oblique case, or adjective used adverbially, + verb. 997 The construction presumed is often very loose.

ǎg

căpi

căn

dă

dic

făci

fid

flu

pări

potes

răpi

jurgāre, to quarrel, jurgium, a quarrel (jure ago).

manceps, a purchaser; mancipium, a chattel (manu capio); nuncupare, to declare (nomine capio?)

fidicen, fidicina, a player on the strings (fidibus cano); liticen, a trumpeter (lituo cano); tibicen, tibicina, a flute player (tibia cano); tùbicen, a trumpeter (tŭbā cano). mandare, commit to a person's charge (in manum dăre?). mălědícus, scurrilous (male dico).

artifex, a handicraftsman (arte facio); běněficus, kind (bene facio); carnifex, a butcher (carne facio; comp. vitula facio, Verg.); maleficus, unkind (male facio). Here belongs fabrefacere, to make in workmanlike fashion. used passively: bifidus, cleft in two (bis findor); multifidus, with many clefts (multum findor); quadrifidus, four-cleft; trifidus, three-cleft.

benignus, well-born, liberal; malignus, ill-born, stingy (bene, male, genitus); comp. § 826.

largifluus, copious; septemfluus, seven-flowing, i.e. with

seven streams.

prīmipăra, bearing for the first time (primum pario).

bellipotens, powerful in war (bello possum); omnipotens, all-powerful (omnia possum); multipotens, very powerful (multum possum); pennipotens (Lucr.), winged (pennis potens).

usurpare, to seize for use (usu răpĕre).

sǎnǎ

sulcă

văgă

vŏl

vola

armisonus (Verg.), arm-resounding (armo-); fluctisõnus (Sil.), wave-resounding (fluctu-); fluentisõnus (Catull.), flood-resounding (fluento-); raucisõnus (Catull.), boarsesounding (rauco-).

bisulcus, cloven-footed (i.e. cleft in two by a furrow). montivăgus, wandering on the mountains (monte vågor); němōrĭvăgus (Catull.), wandering in thickets (in nemoribus vagor); noctivăgus, wandering by night (noctu vagor); sõlivǎgus, wandering alone (solus vagor).

běněvõlus, well avishing; mălěvõlus, ill-avishing (bene, male, volo).

altivõlus, Aying on high (alte volo); vēlívõlus, sail-flying (vēlis volat).

So Adverb (or oblique case) + Participle:

alticinctus, girt-high; mănifestus, hand-struck? (cf. § 704); sacrosanctus, consecrated (perhaps this belongs to spurious compounds), sollīcītus, anxious, lit. all-excited (sollo-, ciēre, cf. § 759).

bipartitus, tripartitus, qvadripartitus, divided into two, three, four (bis, trister, qvadri=qvatvor, § 184).

998

CHAPTER XII.

INTERJECTIONS.

INTERJECTIONS may be divided into two classes: (1) imita- 999 tions of sounds, (2) abbreviated sentences or mutilated words.

I.

Imitations of sounds. (The probable Greek and English modes of representing the same or similar sounds will be added.) a or ah) in warning or sorrow. Comp. a, Engl. ab! Germ. ach. or ha

ējă (heia) in encouragement. Comp. ela, Engl. bey. in surprise or indignation. Comp. oâ.

vah

10

various. Comp. &, &, Engl. ob!

a shout in excitement. Comp. lov or loû, Engl. yoho!

ěho or oho a cry of distress. Comp. Engl. Ho! In Terence sometimes with dum appended.

pro or proh in surprise or indignation; especially in phrases, pro Di immortales, &c. Perhaps this is not imitative of a natural sound, but is a word.

fu or phui expression of disgust. Plaut. Most. 39, Pseud. 1294. Comp. peû (?), Engl. fie! faw! foh! Germ. pfui.

phy

hui

babæ) papæ

hahahæ

væ

Ŏhē

in impatience at unnecessary explanation. Ter. Ad. 412. Probably same as last. Comp. Engl. pooh.

various. Perhaps a whistle, which is written in Engl.

whew.

in wonder and delight: a quivering of the lips. Perhaps imitative of Greek βαβαί, πόποι, παπαῖ. Comp. Herm. on Soph. Philoct. 746.

Laughing. Comp. à, à, Engl. Haha.

in grief and anger. Represents a wail. Comp. ovaí, in Alexandrine and later writers, perhaps imitation of the Latin; Germ. web, Engl. woe. Compare also vah and the verb vägire.

in annoyance, especially when a person is sated; probably between a groan and a grunt. Comp. Engl. ugh.

hei or el in grief. It represents a sigh. and perhaps alaî, Engl. heigh.

ehem or hem or em

st

Comp. ẽ or è ẽ or ẻý,

the sound of clearing the throat? Comp. Engl. hem, abem. In Plautus em is often found in MSS. for en.

to command silence. The corresponding sound in English, bist, is used to attract attention; and sh, hush to command silence.

attat or atat or) rarely attata

heus

bombax

or in surprise, vexation, fear, &c.: smacking of the tongue against the teeth. Comp. åttataî, åttaταταί, ὀτοτοτοῖ, Engl. tut tut.

a noise to attract attention: a combined whistle and hiss. Comp. Engl. whisht! and perhaps Germ. heisa (= Engl. buzza).

apparently from Boußaέ: expression of wonder.