Disease Management in Cocoa: Comparative epidemiology of witches’ broomThe Monograph deals with the conception, planning, implementation, results and conclusions of the International Witches' Broom Project (IWBP), which was set up in 1985 with the aim of producing an economic management system for witches' broom disease of cocoa. The contributions of the various sponsors, and the roles played by the participating organizations and scientists are described in the introductory chapter. Chapter 2 provides a review of what was, and what was not known from published literature about the cocoa witches' broom pathosystem in 1989. The scope of the project and the approaches used are covered in Chapter 3, while Chapters 4 to 13 report on the field studies themselves in detail. The recent appearance of witches' broom in the important cocoa area of Bahia in Brazil is described in Chapter 14, before disease management recommendations are summarised and future prospects considered in the closing chapters. The many man-years of field research in the IWBP in a total of six countries generated much useful information which was analyzed both in the individual countries and collectively. Even with a document of this size, certain information and analyses with less direct relevance to disease management had to be omitted. It is expected that more detailed treatments of certain aspects will emerge in scientific papers, and further analyses will be undertaken. |
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... Disease Management in Cocoa Comparative epidemiology of witches ' broom dited by S.A. Rudgard , A.C. Maddison and T. Andebrhan CHAPMAN & HALL H બ Disease Management in Cocoa Disease Management in Cocoa This One. Front Cover.
... Disease Management in Cocoa Comparative epidemiology of witches ' broom dited by S.A. Rudgard , A.C. Maddison and T. Andebrhan CHAPMAN & HALL H બ Disease Management in Cocoa Disease Management in Cocoa This One. Front Cover.
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... Cocoa Comparative epidemiology of witches ' broom Edited by S.A. Rudgard , A.C. Maddison and T. Andebrhan International Office of Cocoa , Chocolate and Sugar Confectionary CHAPMAN & HALL H London Glasgow New York Tokyo Melbourne ...
... Cocoa Comparative epidemiology of witches ' broom Edited by S.A. Rudgard , A.C. Maddison and T. Andebrhan International Office of Cocoa , Chocolate and Sugar Confectionary CHAPMAN & HALL H London Glasgow New York Tokyo Melbourne ...
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... cocoa seedlings 131 131 132 135 141 143 147 152 154 T. Andebrhan , A.C. Maddison , R. Arias and L.A. Maffia Introduction Materials and methods Results and discussion Implications for disease management 157 157 157 159 163 13 Comparative ...
... cocoa seedlings 131 131 132 135 141 143 147 152 154 T. Andebrhan , A.C. Maddison , R. Arias and L.A. Maffia Introduction Materials and methods Results and discussion Implications for disease management 157 157 157 159 163 13 Comparative ...
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Contents
Authors addresses | 11 |
Summary of disease management recommendations | 11 |
The pathosystem | 11 |
The IWBP studies | 21 |
introduction | 25 |
Brazil | 46 |
Comparative analysis and discussion | 61 |
Materials and methods | 75 |
Phenology of susceptible host tissue | 141 |
Infection efficiency | 147 |
Disease management implications | 154 |
Implications for disease management | 163 |
Summary of results of sanitation | 182 |
Witches broom in Bahia Brazil | 189 |
recommendations | 201 |
Future prospects for improvements in disease management | 213 |
Conclusions and disease management implications | 91 |
Grenada | 98 |
Trinidad | 114 |
Venezuela | 119 |
Conclusions | 129 |
Basidiocarp production | 135 |
IWBP committees | 221 |
Theses published by IWBP students | 227 |
235 | |
239 | |
243 | |
Other editions - View all
Disease Management in Cocoa: Comparative epidemiology of witches’ broom Rudgard,Maddison,Andebrhan Limited preview - 2012 |
Disease Management in Cocoa: Comparative epidemiology of witches’ broom Rudgard,Maddison,Andebrhan No preview available - 2012 |
Common terms and phrases
A.C. Maddison active cushions active flush Altamira Amazon Andebrhan Area Bahia basidiocarp production basidiospores Brazil broom disease broom infected broom removal buds calibration canopy Chapter climate clones closed columns cocoa Colombia Crinipellis perniciosa cushion brooms cushion infection disease incidence disease management diseased cushions diseased pods dry season Ecuador experimental Figure flower cushion activity fruit infection fruiting and fruit fungicide gradients Grenada ground horizontal resistance incubation period inoculum period Itabuna Llanos Long-term average Manizales material moniliasis months number of active number of cushions numbers of basidiocarps occurred open columns Ouro Ouro Preto pathosystem peak period of basidiocarp phenology Phytophthora Phytophthora pod rot phytosanitation plantation planting pods harvested produce basidiocarps rain rainfall rainy season recorded S.A. Rudgard sample trees sanitation seedlings shade shoot activity shoot growth sporulation susceptible suspended vegetative brooms symptoms Table Táchira temperature Tomé Açu total number Trinidad vegetative flushing vegetative infection weeks wet season witches