The Gallon to contain 282 cubic inches; and all other measures to contain proportional parts or multiples of the faid Gallon.

All measures of capacity not to be heaped, but ftricken.

There ought to be but one standard of weight; and that to be the pound Troy, its proportional parts, and multiples.

The restriction relating to measures of capacity, directing that they fhould be ftricken; renders it impoffible to measure many commodities usually fold after that manner: as apples, potatoes, turneps, and the like: the quantity of which is more naturally discovered by weight. But common ufage, and the appointment of the Legislature, having established the contrary method, the alteration is submitted to their determination.

A Table is calculated and inferted in the fecond report, wherein the feveral weights of Avoirdepois are tranflated into Troy weight, the intended ftandard; to facilitate dealings when the regulation takes place.

N

Art. 27. Tables of Weights and Prices on a new Plan; by which the value of any quantity of goods, fold by Avoirdupois weight, from a fingle pound to five tons, and from two fhillings to ten pounds, ten fhillings per hundred, may be known without the labour of multiplying or dividing. Particularly useful to dealers in hops, wool, hay, cheefe, grocery, and other commodities. J. Elmer, of Farnham, Surry. 2s. 6d. Newbery.

By

It happens unluckily for this book, that the Parliament has acknowleged a refolution to abolish the weight known by the denomination of Avoirdepois, and establish univerfally that called Troy; to which all dealings must be accommodated. Vid. the preceding article.

N Art. 28. Epiftolary Correfpondence made familiar and pleasant. Containing fixty letters in the English and French languages, on fuch fubjects and occafions which young gentlemen and ladies require to write on, through the course of their education: being proper precedents for them to copy after, in order to inftruct them early, not only in an eafy, genteel, and polite manner of expreffing their thoughts; but also to cultivate their minds with the principles of virtue, morality, and every filial and focial duty.-The original English letters by John Gignoux, author of the Child's beft Inftructor in fpelling and reading. The French Tranflations by Mr. Bellie, mafter of the ladies French boarding-fchool, in Cheney walk, Chelsea. To which is annexed, A compendious treatife of the first five common rules in arithmetic, and the rule of three; wherein all poffible contractions are laid down in a concife and eafy manner. 12mo. 2s. 6d. Dilly.

A ufeful book for children.

Art. 29.

Art. 29. The Practice of Gardening explained to all capacities; including the newest improvements. By T. Perfect, Gardener, Inventor of the new Chinese Parterres. 8vo, 1s. Baldwin.

Contains only general inftructions, for thofe who are totally ignorant of the gardener's art. Who Mr. Perfect is, or whether fuch a perfon exifts, is best known, we apprehend, to Dr. H-; who (as we may reasonably prefume, from the univerfality of his writings) Knows every thing.

Art. 30. A Refutation of the Charge brought against Admiral Knowles, in a late pamphlet, entitled, The Conduct and Treatment of John Crookshanks, Efq;' &c. 8vo. 6d. Millar.

The charge brought by Capt. Crookfhanks against Admiral Knowles was, that he had acted opprefively towards the captain, and partially, in the affair of his profecution. See Review for January last, p. 87. This accufation the Admiral totally denies; but that he has altogether refuted it, remains ftill a matter of doubt with us: let the Reader, who has curiofity enough to enquire farther into the merits of this caufe, fatisfy himfelf by confulting the pamphlet.

Art. 31. The Reply of John Crookshanks, Efq; to a pamphlet lately fet forth by Admiral Knowles, &c. 8vo. 6d. Cooper.

In this Reply Mr. Crookfhanks endeavours to fupport his former charge againit the Admiral, by further proofs; and here he alfo takes occafion to put his antagonist in mind of that part of his own past conduct, which likewife fubjected Mr. Knowles to the cenfure of a court-martial.

Art. 32. The Twentieth Epistle of Horace to his Book, modernized †, the Author of Female Conduct, and applied to his own book, &c. 8vo. 6d. Owen.

In our Review for February laft, p. 135, our Readers were prefented with an account of a poem written by one Mr. Marriott, entitled Female Conduct. This book not being praised, as its Author thinks it ought to have been; but, on the contrary, cenfured, which the Author is firmly perfuaded it ought not to have been;-the faid Author has now taken his revenge upon his critics, by abukng them heartily to which end he has called in the affiftance of Horace and Virgil, who have luckily furnished him with the names of Bavius and Mævius; and they, he infifts upon it, were the very fame fort of people with thofe who have found fault with the Female Conduct. If this be the opinion of the public in general, as well as of Mr. Marriott in particular, it will not become us to controvert it. One thing yet, however, remains for Mr. Marriott to do; and that is, to fhew how nearly the merit of his productions approaches to that of the writings of Virgil and Horace.

+ If our Readers do not understand this title-page, it is not our fault, but the Author's,

Art. 22.

Art. 33. A Sop in the Pan for a Phyfical Critic. By a Haltermaker. 8vo. 6d. Reeve.

Mr. Read, the rope-maker, and Author of a droll theatrical piece entitled, Madrigal and Trulleita, (fee Review, vol. XIX. p. 303) has here, in a merry manner, put in execution the lex talions on a certain critic, who, as Mr. Read conceives, had injuriously represented his performance above mentioned. Our Halter-manufacturer is really a pleafant fellow, and a genius in his way.

POLITICA L.

Art. 34. The Merchant's Advocate: or, an Enquiry whether the Merchants are not intitled to a discount of five per cent. upon the payment of the fubfidy of five per cent. given to the King by the act of parliament made in the year 1747. Which discount the Merchants have never received from the faid year 1747 to the prefent time? Addressed to the Merchants of Great Britain, 8vo. 68. Cooper.

As those who are interested in an affair of this fort, and need any information upon the fubject, will hardly fail of purchafing this little tract, it is unnecefiary for us to add any thing to the particulars fet forth in the above copy of its title-page.

MEDICA L.

Art. 35. The Seaman's Prefervation: or, Safety in Shipwreck. To which are added, admonitions and precepts, to prevent, by various and easy methods, the difeafes incident to feafaring people. By J. Wilkinson, M. B. Coll. Sap. Pifan. and F. A. S. 8vo. Is. 6d. Ofborn.

We imagine this is not the first time that Mr. J. Wilkinson, M. B. Coll Sap. Pifan. & F. A. S. has dedicated his labours to the service of the public. The pompous peculiarity of his language brought to remembrance fome pamphlets relating to the adulteration of bread, intitled, Poifon detected, &c. by my friend, a phyfician; Syhoroc †, and A final Warning to the Public, Sc. ; the two laft fubfcribed Peter Markham, M. D. which are evidently all by the fame hand. But which, or whether the former or the latter of these names belong to the author, is neither clear nor material. Certain learned unknown writers have lately arifen, whofe performances being chilled by the contempt of the public, generally die in their chryfalis or aurelian state; but if any of them happen to be warmed by a little tranfitory funfhine, they ftrait uncafe, and-behold the buxom butterfly appears.

My Friend and Dr. Markham, having warned us against poison on land; Mr. Wilkinson now proposes to fave us from the dangers of fhipwreck by fea. The purpofe is certainly laudable; and praife is due to the author, whether fuccefsful or not, who aims at doing good.

Review, Vol, XVII, p. 564. + Vol. XVIII. p. 493.

Ibid.

This important purpose Mr. Wilkinson proposes to effect by means of a canvafs waistcoat, without fleeves, lined with cork. He directs the waistcoat to be lined with four pieces of found cork, answering to the fore and hind-quarters of the waiftcoat: thefe, he fays, may eafily be accommodated to the figure of the body by the help of fire; and if it is thought needful, each piece may be fubdivided into as many parts as the wearer chufes, crossways. This is to be buttoned on with cork buttons; and he affirms it altogether fufficient for faving mariners from finking, upon any disaster happening to the veffel they are in.

He recommends a supply of these waistcoats for every fhip's company, as fifty men may be accommodated with them for about five pounds: fandals of the fame materials he would also advise to be tied on the feet. For further particulars we refer to the pamphlet itself, and we wish the author's uncouth expreffion may be tolerated, fince thinking well, and writing well, are not always concomitants.

We have mentioned his peculiarity of ftyle, not to prejudice his readers against him, but for his own advantage in any future compofition *. As to his invention, he feems, indeed, very tenacious of it; and appears apprehenfive of the attacks of critics, and the malevolence of envy. He therefore, in his introduction, intrenches himself ftrongly against their approaches, which, however, he dares, by commencing the first hoftilities, and attacking his pre-fuppofed antagonists with much petulance and wafpifhnefs. This arifes from his confidence. He is too fanguine in the contemplation of his own contrivance: and because the cork jacket may fave a man from drowning, he would make the men wear it for armour in time of action. But though it may resist a pistol-bullet at some distance, yet piftol bullets are the fewest in number, and leaft dangerous of thofe used at fea; and it is to be feared, our tars would not be much improved in their agility, when encircled in cork-boddice of an inch thick; in which habilement they might poffibly find themselves as embarraffed, as was Sancho in armour, at the tumult in his government.

Cork jackets are alfo to affift in curing feamen of the fcurvy. Thofe who can fwim, fays he, do not care to venture in the sea at a distance from land, for fear of fharks and other accidents: but in a cork jacket a man would be in no danger; his body is, in a great measure, (which furely implies fome danger) defended against the attacks of ravenous fishes. True; he may prove but tough chewing for them when they come at his body; but it is poffible they may firft eat up a leg or an arm, after which, the body, though fo effectually fecured, would be but in an indifferent plight.-But thus it is, when men are fo captivated with their own reveries. Mr. Wilkinson's scheme would

He owns his language to be inaccurate, through precipitancy to obey the dictates of univerfal benevolence, which actuates a public fpirit to quick execution." But though he affects to defpife typographical critics, who may censure the spots and imperfections expofed by a rapidity of virtue, and fervour of public zeal, yet we fhall venture to affirm the faults in his ftile to be owing to too much care and affecta. tion of technical writing; which will much fooner excite that ridicule of which he is fo juftly apprehenfive, than gain him that applause he endeavours to influence by anticipation.

have appeared to as much advantage, had he proposed it with more modefty. There is a refpect due to the public, in any addrefs to them, which the greatest merit in an author is no exemption from paying: nor is it to be expected they will accept any thing cordially, which is offered to them infolently.

The medical precepts at the end feem to us, who are no mariners, to be good directions to feamen in general; and proper to be obferved as far as may be found practicable. N

Art. 36. Some Reafons given against an Opinion, that a Perfon infected with the Small-pox may be cured by antidote, without incurring the diflemper. With an attempt to explain the manner of the propagation and eruption of the small-pox from the practice of inoculation; and why this diffemper, taken by common infection, in the natural way, proves fo much more fatal than that which is given by inoculation. By Thomas Frewen, M. D. 8vo. Is. Wilkie.

This little performance feems to us rather intended to publish the author's title, and introduce it, by a dedication, to the Royal Society, than calculated for any general utility in phyfic, or in the treatment of the fmall-pox. For as the opinion which the first part of this pamphlet oppofes, was rather a fuggeftion of the great Boerhaave's, than a tenet to which he formally adhered; and as it has never appeared that he thought fit to hazard the practice of his fuppofed antidote himself, nor that he effectually perfuaded any one else to hazard it, there feems to have been no folid reafon for Dr. Thomas Frewen's combating the fuggeftion fo long after Boerhaave's death; unless he has feen or made fome tryals of fuch a medicine, or fufpects Sexton's powder to be fuch a bland and yet powerful combination of mercury and antimony, as that great phyfician imagined might prove an adequate fpecific or antidote against the variolous poifon,

when and however imbibed.

Dr. Frewen's doubt, whether the fmall-pox ought to be prevented, even though an effectual antidote was discovered against it, evidently implies a doubt, whether we ought to fave the one in seven, or rather the two in thirteen, which the natural fmall-pox, on a medium, has been reckoned to kill. And this doubt, he avows, p. 11. from a fuppofition, that the antidote might poffibly do more hurt than good, as he feems to agree with Dr. Gilchrift, that the fmall-pox might be intended by nature for a drain to clear the conftitution of fome grofs humours, which, if not carried off this way, would bring on other difeafes. This opinion, it seems, Dr. Gilchrift fupported by obferving, ⚫ that those children, who had had the fmall-pox by inoculation, in Scotland, were uncommonly healthy,' But it is eafy to infer, that if they were healthy, in confequence of the humours difcharged by inoculation, from which the puftules are very generally fewer, and the fuppuration confequently lefs, (not to infift on the frequent withering, of many puftules by inoculation) than from accidental infection, this would naturally lead us to prefer it to inoculation, which certainly cannot be the intention of Mr. T. Frewen, author