Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars WithinBased on 30 years of research and analysis, this definitive book is a profound, multi-layered, and historical analysis of the nature and role of the Pakistan army in the country's polity as well as its turbulent relationship with the United States. Shuja Nawaz examines the army and Pakistan in both peace and war. Using many hitherto unpublished materials from the archives of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the General Headquarters of the Pakistan Army, as well as interviews with key military and political figures in Pakistan and the United States, he sheds light not only on the Pakistan Army and its US connections but also on Pakistan as a key Muslim country in one of the world's toughest neighborhoods. In doing so, he lays bare key facts about Pakistan's numerous wars with India and its many rounds of political musical chairs, as well as the Kargil conflict of 1999. He then draws lessons from this history that may help Pakistan end its wars within and create a stabler political entity. Visit http://www.shujanawaz.com for more information about Shuja Nawaz. |
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Page xxxviii
... Defence spending 5.50 6.89 12.38 ( 2.8 ) ( 2.2 ) ( 4.0 ) Note : The figures in parenthesis are in per cent of GDP ... defence . Real defence spending increased on average by 9 per cent per annum during 1977-88 while development spending ...
... Defence spending 5.50 6.89 12.38 ( 2.8 ) ( 2.2 ) ( 4.0 ) Note : The figures in parenthesis are in per cent of GDP ... defence . Real defence spending increased on average by 9 per cent per annum during 1977-88 while development spending ...
Page 240
... Defence Minister Chavan's till then secret statement in parliament stating that India would not attack East Pakistan , something that was not shared by the US with its Pakistani allies.62 ) Musa's and Ayub's theory that East Pakistan's ...
... Defence Minister Chavan's till then secret statement in parliament stating that India would not attack East Pakistan , something that was not shared by the US with its Pakistani allies.62 ) Musa's and Ayub's theory that East Pakistan's ...
Page 343
... defence matters . Having already reduced the former C - in - C of services to COS , he issued a White Paper on Higher Defence Organization in May 1976 that gave the prime minister ultimate authority on matters related to defence and ...
... defence matters . Having already reduced the former C - in - C of services to COS , he issued a White Paper on Higher Defence Organization in May 1976 that gave the prime minister ultimate authority on matters related to defence and ...
Contents
List of Photographs | ix |
List of Acronyms | x |
Preface and Acknowledgements | xv |
Copyright | |
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Abdul action Afghan Afghanistan Ahmed Akbar Akhtar Ambassador armour army chief Asif Nawaz asked attack Ayub Khan Ayub's Balochistan battle Benazir Bhutto border Brigadier British Burki civil civilian COAS corps commanders coup Dacca defence Delhi DG ISI Division East Pakistan elections favoured forces foreign Ghulam Gul Hassan Hamid Ibid India Indian Army interview Ishaq Iskander Mirza Islamabad Islamic issue Janjua Karachi Karamat Kargil Kashmir Lahore later leaders Leghari Major Malik martial law meeting military Mohammad Mujahideen Musharraf Muslim League National Nawaz Sharif Niazi nuclear NWFP October officers operations Pakistan Army Pakistan Army GHQ parties political president prime minister Punjab Qazi Rawalpindi recalls regime Regiment role Saudi Secretary senior September Sher Sindh soldiers Soviet staff Taliban told took troops United University Press Waheed Washington weapons West Yahya Zia's Ziaul Haq Zulfikar Ali Bhutto