The JainsThe Indian religion of Jainism, whose central tenet involves non-violence to all creatures, is one of the world's oldest and least-understood faiths. Dundas looks at Jainism in its social and doctrinal context, explaining its history, sects, scriptures and ritual, and describing how the Jains have, over 2500 years, defined themselves as a unique religious community. This revised and expanded edition takes account of new research into Jainism. |
Contents
The fordmakers | 12 |
The Vedic background | 13 |
the institution of world renunciation | 16 |
The Sayings of the Seers | 17 |
The fordmakers and the ford | 19 |
The sources for Mahaviras biography | 22 |
Mahavira s date | 24 |
Epithets | 25 |
The Kharatara Gaccha | 140 |
The Tapa Gaccha | 142 |
Relations with the Muslims | 145 |
Svetambara caste conversion | 147 |
The ascetic | 150 |
The stages of quality | 151 |
Monks and nuns | 152 |
Reasons for renunciation | 153 |
The transfer of the embryo | 26 |
Mahaviras relationship with Makkhali Gosala | 28 |
Mahaviras relationship with Parsva | 30 |
Mahaviras enlightenment | 33 |
The preaching assembly | 34 |
Mahavira as Great Man | 35 |
The conversion of the ganadharas | 37 |
The expansion of the fordmaker lineage | 39 |
Early teachings | 41 |
The Digambaras and the Svetambaras | 45 |
Sectarian origins | 46 |
Sectarian attitudes | 49 |
Social interaction | 51 |
Can women attain deliverance? | 55 |
Scriptures | 60 |
the manuscripts at Mudbidri | 63 |
the recitation of the Kalpasutra | 65 |
the Purvas | 67 |
Ardhamagadhi as scriptural language | 69 |
Svetambara traditions about scriptural transmission | 70 |
The fortyfivetext Svetambara canon | 73 |
Enumeration of the Svetambara scriptures | 76 |
Digambara scriptures | 79 |
The Five Homages | 81 |
Jain libraries | 83 |
Doctrine | 86 |
Omniscience | 88 |
The loka | 90 |
The fundamental entities | 93 |
Karma | 97 |
The types of karma | 99 |
Rebirth | 102 |
Deliverance | 104 |
Plants and animals | 106 |
Kundakunda and the Digambara mystical tradition | 107 |
God | 110 |
History from early times to the late medieval period | 112 |
Mathura | 113 |
Jainism in south India | 115 |
Jain literature in Tamil | 116 |
Jain kingship in Karnataka | 118 |
Early Digambara sects | 120 |
The bhattaraka | 123 |
Mixed fortunes in the south | 125 |
Svetambara teachers | 129 |
The templedwelling monks | 136 |
The emergence of Svetambara gacchas | 138 |
Initiation | 155 |
The Great Vows | 157 |
The nature of nonviolence | 160 |
Asceticism | 163 |
Meditation | 166 |
the Obligatory Actions | 169 |
Interaction with the laity | 173 |
Giving | 174 |
Vegetarianism | 176 |
Rules about Svetambara ascetic behaviour | 177 |
the religious death | 179 |
The role of the acarya | 181 |
The lay person | 187 |
What should a layman do? | 189 |
Banarsidas | 192 |
Wealth honour and piety | 195 |
Bidding | 198 |
Fasting | 199 |
Worship | 200 |
Puja | 204 |
The puja of eight substances | 207 |
The purpose of puja | 209 |
Goddesses | 212 |
Yearly festivals | 214 |
Pilgrimage and holy places | 218 |
Historical background | 219 |
Mount Satrunjaya | 222 |
Sravaga Belgola | 223 |
Jain relativism and attitudes towards Hinduism and Buddhism | 227 |
The doctrine of manypointedness | 229 |
The Jains and the Hindus | 233 |
The Jains and the Buddhists | 240 |
Recent developments | 245 |
Lonka | 246 |
The Sthanakvasis | 251 |
Acarya Bhiksu and the Terapanth | 254 |
Srimad Rajacandra | 262 |
The Kanji Svami Panth | 265 |
The Jain diaspora and the modern world | 271 |
The future | 275 |
Glossary | 277 |
Notes | 281 |
307 | |
Bibliography of secondary sources | 311 |
336 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Acārānga ācārya alms ancient anga ascetic ascetic community attainment austerity behaviour bhaṭṭāraka Bhiksu brahman Buddhist canon century claim common era Cort Deleu deliverance describes Digambara Digambara monks disciples Dundas early enlightenment existence Exposition of Explanations fact fasting fordmaker Ganges basin Granoff Gujarat Haribhadra Hemacandra Hindu Hinduism holy image-worshipping India initiation involved Jain ascetics Jain community Jain monk Jain religion Jaini Jainism jīva Kalpasūtra Kānjī Svāmī karma Karnataka Kharatara Gaccha Kundakunda laity layman life-forms lineage literature loka Mahāvīra manuscripts Mathura medieval period monastic Muslim non-violence nonetheless nuns Obligatory Actions omniscience origin Pārśva performed practice Prakrit preaching pūjā Rājacandra Rajasthan rebirth reference regarded religious ritual Rṣabha sacred Sanskrit sect sectarian significant Śiva social soul south India spiritual Śravana Belgola Sthānakvāsī story supposedly Sūri Śvetām Śvetambara Śvetambara scriptures Tapā Gaccha teacher teachings temple temple-dwelling Terapanthi texts textual tion tradition Universal History violence Vows worship yakṣa