in fact, because they wished the Americans to purchase all manufactured articles of them. Still the colonies flourished. In 1756, the thirteen colonies contained more than a million of inhabitants.

3. This year the French and Indian war began. On the other side of the Atlantic the war was carried on between England and France. In America, it was carried on between the English colonies and the French and Indians in Canada.

4. This was an important war. In former wars the English colonies had found it enough to defend their own territory. In this war they sent troops to Canada to attack the French there. The English troops numbered eight thousand men. They were commanded by General Wolfe.

5. The French troops were commanded by General Montcalm. September 13th, 1759, the two armies met near Quebec. A bloody battle ensued. General Wolfe was killed. General Montcalm was wounded, in consequence of which he died. The English were victorious, and the city of Quebec fell into their hands. This led the way to further success. All Canada was conquered; and since that time this part of America has been owned by the king of England. The war ended in 1763.

6. During this war the English colonists proved themselves to be a brave people. They spent much money, and at the close of the war they found themselves poor. They were not well treated by England. It was, after all, her war, and she ought to have paid them back the money which they had spent; but she would not do it, and they could not help themselves, because they had no power to compel her to do them justice.

Questions.

1. When did Queen Anne's war end? When did the French and Indian war begin?

2. How long was it between these two wars? What was the state of the English colonies during this period? What is said of their increase? What of agriculture? What of commerce? What of manufactures? Why were the people of England unwilling that Americans should manufacture? How many inhabitants did the colonies contain in 1756?

3. When did the war begin? Between whom was the war carried on, on the other side of the Atlantic? In America, between whom?

4. In former wars, what had the English colonies found it enough for themselves to do? In this war, where did they send troops? What number? Who commanded them?

5. Who commanded the French troops? When did the two armies meet? Near what place? What ensued? Who was killed? Who was wounded? What became of General Montcalm? Who were victorious? What city was taken? By whom? To what did this lead? What country was conquered? By whom has it been since owned? When did this war end?

6. During this war what did the English colonists prove themselves to be? What did they spend? What is said of them at the close of the war? Were they well treated by England? What ought she to have done? Did she pay them? Why could not they help themselves?

Story.

1. The capture of Quebec was an enterprise of great difficulty. The navigation of the St. Lawrence River was unsafe; the northern bank, for thirteen miles, was defended by cannon, batteries, armed boats, and entrenchments; the watchful and practised eye of the Indian guarded against surprises, and the citadel of Quebec itself, although held only by a small number of men, was one of the strongest fortresses in the world.

2. But the enterprise was undertaken by the brave General Wolfe. For two months his fleet and army occupied the southern bank of the St. Lawrence, watching in vain for an opportunity to surprise the French.

3. At length Wolfe discovered a little cove, just above the city, from which a steep and narrow path led up to the Heights of Abraham. This was the name given to a high. plain which stretched north of the town.

4. He saw that these heights were not strongly guarded, and knew that if he could only get a sufficient number of men up that steep path he could capture the town. It was a desperate attempt, but he determined to make it.

5. He sent Captain Cook (afterwards the celebrated navigator) with some ships below the town, to deceive the French, by pretending that an attack was intended at that point.

6. Then, on the night of the 12th September, in boats. with muffled oars, they rowed quietly up the river. As he passed from ship to ship, Wolfe spoke to those in the boat with. him of the poet Gray, whose "Elegy in a Country Churchyard "had just been published. "I," said he, "would prefer being the author of that poem to the glory of beating the French to-morrow;" and while the oars struck the river, as it rippled in the silence of the night air under the flowing tide, he repeated: *

The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,

And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave,
Await alike the inevitable hour;

The paths of glory lead but to the grave."

7. The boats arrived safely at the cove, the men sprang ashore, and, aided by the roots and boughs of trees, clambered up the steep, and by daybreak were assembled on the heights. of Abraham.

8. General Montcalm, the French commander, could scarcely credit his senses when he found the English had gained this favorable position. Hastily his army was mustered, and by ten o'clock the battle was begun. The English won it, but with the loss of the brave General Wolfe. He died in the moment of victory. Hearing the shouts "They fly! they fly!" he asked, The French," was the answer. "Now, God be praised!" exclaimed the dying soldier, "I die happy." General Montcalm was also mortally wounded, and when told that he could live but a few hours, replied, "So much the better; I shall not live to see the surrender of Quebec."

Who fly?"

* Bancroft.

1. The "War of the Revolution" began in 1775. It ended in the Independence of America.

2. Until this time the colonies in America were subject to the king of England. The country was settled by his subjects, and it was considered right, therefore, that he should govern it.

3. This the colonists were willing he should do, so long as his laws were just and good. They came