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Hak. He is sprung from Harald, Surnam'd the Yellow-lock'd-Know'st thou the Norsemen ?

A powerful, strong, heroic race, yet full
Of superstition and of prejudice;
I know full well that in a moment's space
All Hakon's services they will forget,
And only think of Olaf's birth, whene'er
They know that he survives.

Tho. Can this be so?

Hak. I know my people.-And shall this enthusiast,

This traitor to his country (who has serv'd
With Otto against Norway, on pretence
Of Christian piety), ascend our throne,
And tear the crown from Hakon?

Tho. Who dare think so?

Hak. I think so, friend, and Olaf too

Now mark me:

He is the last descendant of King Harald;
Yet Hakon's race yields not to his. Of old
The Jarls of Hlade ever were the first
After the King; and no one now remains
Of our old royal line, but this vain dreamer,
Who has forsworn the manners and the faith
Of his own native land-a ransom'd slave,
Born in a desart of an exil'd mother, &c.

The speech of the earl is here in terrupted by the discovery that he is overheard by a beautiful virgin, who had concealed herself behind one of the consecrated trees. This maiden VOL. VII.

Gudrun, daughter of the old Smith Bergthor, has come thither to make an offering to the Goddess Freya, of her nuptials is at hand. The earl -for she is a bride, and the day is captivated by her beauty, and immediately begins to urge the suit of a tyrant with tyrannic boldness; but the arrival of Carlsofut and Jostein, two more of his friends, constrains him to resume his conversation concerning Olaf, and the maiden makes her escape for the present.

Hak. Enough. I call'd you to this meet-
ing here,

That I may speak in friendly confidence:
I know you love me, and deserve this trust.
Then listen-for the times require decision.
My life has past away in strife and storm,-
Full many a rock, and many a thicket wild,
Have I by violence torn up and destroyed,
Ere in its lofty strength, the tree at last
Could rise on high. Well! that is now ful-
fill'd,-

My name has spread o'er Norway with re

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May fill the seas with terror. I have them
Extirpated. This kingdom every storm
Has honourably weather'd-and 'twas I
That had the helm-I only was the pilot
I have alone directed-sav'd the vessel,-
And therefore would I still the steersman be;
Still hold my station.

Thor. 'Tis no more than justice.

Hak. Olaf alone is left of the old line; And think'st thou he is tranquil now in Ireland ?

What would'st thou say, wise Thorer, if I told thee,

In one brief word, that he is here?

Tho. Here?

Hak. Aye.

Carls. What, here in Norway? is it possible!

Hak. (to Thorer.) I could not choose but

smile, when thou to-day, Long stories told us of thy pious friend Olaf, in Dublin,-even as if mine eyes Have not long since been watching him!

I heard

Your words in silence then,—but now 'tis

time

Freely to speak. This morning news arrived, That Olaf with a fleet had sail'd from

Dublin,

To visit Russia, but meanwhile has landed

K

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Tho. That, indeed, I know,

Hakon; at which instant the marble statue of Odin falls to the ground. Hakon endeavours to persuade them that the marble has long been in a state of decay; but after their departure, expresses, in a soliloquy, his sensibility to the event as a disastrous

omen.

The concluding scene of the first act has been much approved by a contemporary critic, Francis Horn. In it, Hakon is represented as visiting the old Smith already alluded to. After expressing his admiration of Gudrun, (whom her father by this time has locked up in a cellar with iron doors) he tries on his crown, which, being framed on an old measure of the Norwegian kings, is too large, and falls down over his eyes. He threatens the unsuccessful maker, and gives him three days to complete his work;-on which Bergthor

observes:

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Hakon's rewards are princely,-yet without The kingdom is disordered ;-and his son,

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Iman, my friend, defends the Christian faith.

I hasten to his aid in war and council,With soldiers, priests, and ships. We sail'd

right onward;

I had no thought of Norway.-Yet behold Out of the sea, from far, the well-known rocks

Rose on my sight. There with their massy boughs

The dark tall pine trees seem'd to beckon to

me!

Then all at once, the azure waves that play'd

Around our ship were chang'd to fairy

forms;

Their dashing sound was music; and they sung

To me alone a half-forgotten lay

Of early childhood.-The full swelling sails Heav'd their white bosoms, amorously to gain

The much lov'd shore. The streamer gaily
play'd,

Spreading its red wings like a bird on high,
As if impatiently it would forsake

The mast, and flutter to the land. Oh then,
No longer could I think of sailing past—
Lives there a son, who from a mother's arms
Kindly outstretched, will coldly turn away?
All observation to avoid, have I
Landed upon this lonely isle, by none
Inhabited; where some poor shepherds' huts

But rarely mid the rocks are found.
still

Yet

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ramparts

Whereon the proud sun moderates his
beams,

Only to shine within the vales more warmly,
And ripen the rich harvest. Yet while all
So flourishes without, a frightful poison
Devours the vitals of the unhappy land.-
Olaf. Is not Jarl Hakon dear to his tried
soldiers ?-

Thor. The wretch is hated as he hath de-
served.

Olef. Yet undisturb'd has reigned for eighteen years?

Thor. Such reign he owes all to his former
prudence-

His luck in war-and the rash choice of
Norway,

Who had no better ruler.

Olaf. But has prudence Deserted him?

Thor. Nay he deserted her ;-
Proudly believ'd such aid no longer need-
ful-

Jarl Hakon! (it was said)-He is indeed
An hero! Erich's sons has vanquished all-
And Norway rescued from the yoke of Den-
mark.-

The warlike powers of Jomsburg rooted

out!

What may resist his prowess?-By such fame
And fortune rais'd to pride and confidence,
He lost all caution, and ere long forgot,
That of a kingly throne the subject's love
Should be the surest pillar. Now he gave
Loose veins to every lust and every passion;
The husband's right-the law that guards the
peasant,

No more respected from their sacred homes

Brought wives and daughters to return dishonour'd.

What need of more? At once in many
places

The flames of insurrection 'gan to blaze-
He fear'd no more a foreign foe, and saw not
That which in secret, like a slow disease,
Rose in the heart of Norway. Hence his life
Is but a ceaseless warfare. Now on this,
And now on that side angry foes arise.-
Our country waits but one brave rightful

master

To hurl the robber from the throne.
Olaf. Indeed?

Can this be possible?

Thor. Your cousins here,
My words can well confirm.-

The rest of this fine scene gradually
unfolds the determination of Olaf
to deliver Norway from the tyranny
of Hakon; and assert his own right-
ful claims to the throne. Towards
the end he is left alone, and over-
powered by his feelings of patriotic
attachment, and by the high de-
bursts into tears, and, falling on his
signs which he has conceived, he
knees, utters the following prayer or
soliloquy.

My heart is melted by the thought-Oh
Heaven,

Am I indeed the humble instrument
That thou hast chosen on earth to spread
thy blessings?

Father! I do resign all will but thine-
Oh guide-instruct me!-

(Rising up with animation.)
I can feel it now!

Mine arm is strong-my bosom swells with
power.-

I shall be thine apostle.-With this sword
In likeness of the cross, I shall resist
With dauntless heart thine enemies and
guard-

My flocks paternally. Where Odin's temple
In gloom and horror stood, with blood-stain'd
altars,

Now shall the clouds of incense float around;
No horrid sacrifice again be known ;-
No mingling cry of victims or beholders
Profane the quiet woods; but soothing mu-
sic,

On downy wings, exalt the soul to heaven.-
With deep devotion shall the people stand
The service to behold of the true church.
No more shall feasts pollute the sanctuary-
Only the holy supper shall to us
Announce that every joy must come from
heaven!

Away with hatred, violence and blood!
Now innocence and love shall reign and
conquer !

In the next scene, Hakon, cased in armour, meets by accident with Thora, his principal favourite among many mistresses, and the only one by whom,

as it afterwards appears, he had been really beloved. Irritated by the circumstances in which he now finds himself, he speaks to her with coldness, levity, and disdain; which provokes, on her part, severe complaints and reproaches. In truth, the charms of Gudrun (betrothed to Orm of Lyrgia) seem to have wholly effaced in the mind of Hakon his love for the unfortunate Thora. She is left to the care of servants, with commands that she shall be carried to Rimol, where she afterwards receives and protects the faithless Jarl, in a situation which will be fully developed in the fifth act. After her exit, Einar (an archer) comes on the stage (the scene is a wood), and after sitting on the stump of a tree, and adjusting his bow, looks about for some object to shoot at, when he perceives Hakon Jarl walking at a distance, and shoots an arrow right through the plume of his helmet. The Dialogue here is given with great spirit. Hakon, who at first accuses Einar of intended assassination, is afterwards convinced, by trials of his superior skill, not only that no injury was intended, but that such a marksman will be of infinite advantage in his army; and, of course, engages Einar as one of his most valuable adhe

rents.

The second act concludes with a powerful and effective scene at the wedding feast of Gudrun, where, according to a common practice of the tyrant Jarl, a band of soldiers enter, and endeavour, by violence, to carry off the bride. This insult, however, meets at last with due punishment. The vile emissaries of Hakon are repulsed, and all the wedding party solemnly swear implacable revenge against the usurper.

In the beginning of the third act, the scene of which is on the island Moster, Grib, the servant of Thorer, informs Carlshofut and Jostein, that Hakon has arrived privately, and moored his vessel in a small bay, under covert of the wood. They are surprised that Olaf has not encountered him on the water, as he had appointed to sail round with his fleet to the same side of the island; but it appears that Hakon had come before day-light. Grib then discloses to the two young men an abominable plot for the private assassination of Olaf, contrived by his master Thorer and Hakon,

which he had overheard in their private conversation together. He also describes the powerful insurrection against the tyrant, in consequence of his attempt to carry off the bride, Gudrun, from the marriage festival. Filled with horror and indignation, they consider themselves absolved from every former engagement, and all three join in resolving to protect king Olaf; and to render futile the vile plot which the watchfulness of Grib had discovered.

Meanwhile a sound of choral music is heard from the now-approaching ships of Olaf, who is soon afterwards seen to land with a large white banner, on which a red cross is woven, in his hand; and, after a solemn hymn by his priests, he lifts it on high, and then strikes it into the ground, with the following address:

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Olaf. What means this kneeling?
Jos. We are traitors.

Carl. Basely we have betray'd thee.
Olaf. How?-betray'd!

It cannot be. Is all then but a dream?
Am I in Hakon's snares?

Jos. Fear nothing, sire.

Olaf. I fear not hell itself-far less Jarl
Hakon.

Rise up!--Why should'st thou kneel?-If thou hast sinn'd,

Kneel before God, and tremble at the thought Of Heaven's avenging sword!

The rest of this scene is occupied with a full disclosure to Olaf of the snares which had been laid for him; and Jostein satisfactorily accounts for his own and his brother's former participation in Hakon's plans, and for their determination now to become his most decided enemies. They suggest to Olaf that Hakon is now in his power, having arrived at the island with a force infinitely inferior to that of the king.

After their disappearance, Thorer, carrying a basket and a dagger, enters, followed by Grib, in whom he still supposes himself to possess an obedient and faithful adherent. We regret not having room for the spirited and effective dialogue which passes between them. Thorer gives the poisoned dagger to Grib, and instructs him, that when they have come up with, and entered into conversation with Olaf, he shall suddenly plunge the weapon into his heart, and afterwards cut off his head, and carry it in the basket to Hakon, who will be waiting to receive it, and to reward the murderer with liberty and a sword of honour. The slave listens, with affected obsequiousness and inward contempt, to all the discourse of Thorer, (which is skilfully protracted) till at last, in a paroxysm of indignation, he renders his

master the victim of his own treacherous plans, by stabbing him to the heart.

Olaf, who happens to return immediately after the death of Thorer, rewards Grib (who is thenceforward called Greif or Griffin) with those honours which had been promised to him as an adherent of Hakon. The scene then changes to another part of the wood.

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That he has not himself brought Olaf's head. He sends me here as his ambassador.

Hak. Well, go, and in the earth let it be

buried, Deep, deep, I say!-I cannot bear to see it. Mine eyes abhor the sight. In waking dreams,

In sleep it floats before me.
Go, I say,
Bury his lifeless frame; and say to Thorer
That I command his presence instantly.

Olaf. Thorer is now asleep.
Hak. How's this!—Asleep!
Olaf. His noon-day slumber.-In the far-
thest shades
He lies, stretch'd out and tranquil.
Hak. Then awake him.-
After a deed like this to sleep!-Ha! Thơ-

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