Lord Howard of Effingham, Sir John Oswald, Sir John Vandeleur, Sir Rufane Donkin, Sir Edward Stopford, Sir George Cooke.

Those junior to Sir George Murray are-Lieutenant-Generals Widdrington, Sir William Hutchinson, Sir John Byng, Sir Thomas Brisbane, Lord Edward Somerset, Sir John Lambert, and Lord Aylmer.

N.B. The pay which his late Royal Highness the Duke of York received as Commander-in-Chief latterly was 161. 88. 9d. per diem, or 5999l. 138. 9d. per annum, with forage for twenty horses.

But I believe it was originally 101. per diem.*

The pay of a general on the Staff is 51. 138. 9d. per diem, or 2075l. 188. 9d. per annum, with forage for eight horses.

If the pay given to the General officer appointed to the chief command, as senior on the Staff, were made 107. per diem, the annual amount would be 36501., with forage for ten horses. †

The General officer commanding in Ireland was allowed forage for ten horses.

His Royal Highness was allowed forage for twenty horses.

The ration may be averaged at 28.

P.S.-I add copies of the instructions given in 1793 to Lord Amherst and to Lord Adam Gordon. The latter was commanding in North Britain as general.

MY LORD,

II.

George Yonge, Esq., to General Lord Amherst.

War Office, 21st January, 1793.

His Majesty having been pleased to appoint you to serve as a general with three aides-de-camp, I am commanded to acquaint you it is his Majesty's pleasure that you do obey such orders as you shall receive from his Majesty, the Commander-in-Chief, or any other your superior officer.

George Yonge, Esq., to the Right Hon. Lord Adam Gordon.

MY LORD,

War Office, 24th January, 1793.

It being his Majesty's intention that all matters respecting his military service, which are to be transacted at home, excepting what relate to the Foot Guards, shall pass through the hands of Lord Amherst, whom his Majesty has placed as a general on the Staff, I have the honour, by his Majesty's command, to acquaint your Lordship therewith, that you may be pleased to signify the same to the regiments and garrisons under your Lordship's command in North Britain, and direct the officers to govern themselves accordingly.

I should like to know whether Lord Amherst, as general on the Staff in Great Britain, conveyed any and what sort of military orders to Sir Charles Grey and Lord Moira, or to the Duke of York.

* Till 1813.

The net pay of Commander of the Forces is 97. 98. 6d. per diem, and Lord Dalhousie and Sir Henry Warde receive it.—3458l. 78. 6d. per annum.

[ 807.]

V.

List of Officers commissioned as Commanders of the Forces abroad, between 1790 and 1795.

The Duke of York, Commander-in-Chief in the

Lord Palmerston called for this list to ascertain the rank of Lord Amherst relative to the General officers employed as Commanders of the Forces while he commanded the army as senior general on the Staff, the commission of Commander of the Forces being the higher commission.

Lord Amherst was senior to them all, but the appointment of the two last took place after the Duke of York had succeeded to Lord Amherst.

To the King.

London, 30th January, 1828.

Having, according to your Majesty's commands, conversed with Sir Herbert Taylor regarding the arrangement to be submitted to your Majesty for the command of your Majesty's army, and since consulted your Majesty's servants upon the subject, they are of opinion that the arrangement best calculated to satisfy the army and the public, and which would tend most to your Majesty's ease and convenience, would be that General Lord Hill should be appointed Senior General Officer upon the Staff in Great Britain and Ireland, &c., to perform the duties of Commander-in-Chief.

Which is humbly submitted to your Majesty by your Majesty's most dutiful and devoted subject and servant,

WELLINGTON.

Approved, G. R.

[ 808.]

To the King.

London, 30th January, 1828.

I beg leave to submit for your Majesty's pleasure that Mr. Douglas, having resigned his seat at the Council of the Lord High Admiral, and Lord Sandon his claim to a seat at the same Council, and your Majesty having consented that Sir George Clerk should fill one of those seats, that Lord Brecknock should be appointed to the other; that Lord Ashley

may be appointed a Member of the Board of Control vice Sir James Macdonald, and the Marquess of Graham, vice Dr. Phillimore.

All of which is submitted for your Majesty's pleasure by your Majesty's most dutiful and devoted subject and servant, WELLINGTON.

Approved, G. R.

The King to Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington.

MY DEAR FRIEND,

Royal Lodge, Wednesday evening, 7 o'clock,
30th January, 1828.

I thank you for the letters you sent me this day. I am perfectly satisfied with what you have stated respecting the Duke of Argyll; and I therefore enclose to you the Duke of Gordon's warrant, which I had delayed putting my signature to until I had received your answer to my letter. I congratulate you upon everything having apparently gone off so tranquilly and so well yesterday in both Houses of Parliament.

Always most truly yours,

G. R.

To the Marquess of Chandos.

MY DEAR LORD,
London, 30th January, 1828.
I have received your letter of this day, and I assure you that
it will give me great satisfaction to have it in my power to
forward any view of yours; but I have scarcely taken possession
of my office, and have really not had time to perform any duty,
much less to look at the vacancies in offices, or those likely to

occur.

I hope, therefore, that this state of things, and the rea. desire which I feel to do anything that can gratify you, and not to disappoint you, will plead my excuse for omitting to give you a more positive answer at this moment.

Dean Phillpotts* to Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington.

MY LORD DUKE,

Jermyn Street, 30th January, 1828.

I have visited the individual whom your Grace desired me to see, and have had a pretty long conversation with him, taking care that he should

* The late Bishop of Exeter.

[ 809.]

not have any notion that my visit was caused by any other wish than my

own.

In the course of our conversation I asked his opinion on the point which your Grace allowed me to discuss so much at length this morning. That opinion was most decidedly in favour of the oath or engagement proposed by me. "It would be monstrous," he said, "to deprive the Church of the security which it enjoys in the Declaration against Popery, and to give us nothing in lieu of it." He further expressed himself of opinion that the engagement to the effect proposed would be of much service, in case concession of seats in Parliament to Roman Catholics be made: a concession which he deprecates and will resist to the utmost, and to which he is so averse that he does not like to contemplate measures with reference to the possibility of such concession taking place.

In the course of the day I have had occasion to converse with two or three persons of rank and consideration-men opposed to concession, but who think that if it be made, it must of course be accompanied with some such provision as I have mentioned.

In alluding to the opinions of these persons, I do so without ascribing to their judgment anything like the authority which I most sincerely ascribe to that of your Grace. But the strong concurrence of the opinion of all of them with my own is so far satisfactory to me, as it diminishes the pain with which I feel myself compelled to say that, after all the very able statement and argument with which your Grace this morning honoured me, I remain unconvinced.

It was the opinion of the most considerable of the persons whom I this morning saw-one who has great weight in the House of Lords-that such a provision could easily be obtained. "You (or the Church) will have no difficulty in getting that," he said.

I beg leave to add that no one of them had any notion that I have communication with your Grace.

I have the honour to be, my Lord Duke, with the greatest respect, your Grace's obliged and most humble servant,

HENRY PHILLPOTTS.

I may add that I have reason to know that the Duke of Norfolk, &c., are (or were, some months ago) ready and prepared to take an oath, founded on the writ of summons, in favour of the Church.

MEMOIR ON THE AFFAIRS OF THE EAST, GIVEN TO THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON BY PRINCE LIEVEN, IN FEBRUARY, 1828.

Mémoire sur les Affaires de l'Orient.

Division du Mémoire.-Le présent Mémoire aura pour objet de prouver: 1. Qu'une intervention étrangère dans les troubles du Levant était indispensable.

2. Que l'Angleterre ne pouvait s'abstenir d'y prendre part.

3. Enfin, que cette intervention ne pouvait s'effectuer dans des formes plus conciliantes, et à la fois moins compromettantes pour la paix générale, que celles dont il a été fait choix par les Cours signataires du Traité du 6me Juillet.

AD PRIMUM.

Conséquences probables de l'insurrection à l'égard des Puissances dès son origine.-Du moment qu'éclata la première étincelle de l'incendie qui dévore depuis sept années consécutives les plus belles provinces de l'empire ottoman, les Puissances Européennes dûrent prévoir que tôt ou tard il leur deviendrait impossible d'en rester les spectatrices immobiles. L'insurrection grecque prit dès l'origine un caractère entièrement particulier, entièrement différent de celui qu'avaient portées les révoltes arrivées à des époques antérieures en diverses parties de la Turquie. Il fut aisé de voir que celle-ci tenait à des racines profondes, à des causes accumulées par des siècles d'oppression et de souffrance; que la lutte qui s'engageait entre le peuple conquis et le peuple conquérant, ne serait pas celle d'un jour; que les dispositions de haine et d'animosité réciproque qu'y apportaient les deux parties contendantes rendraient impossible toute réconciliation, toute co-existence entr'elles; et que dès lors cette guerre d'extermination ébranlant avec une force irrésistible les fondements de la puissance ottomane, et par là même les bases du système politique européenne, les principaux Cabinets se verraient inévitablement appelés à y intervenir un jour.

Position particulière de la Russie vis-à-vis les Grecs et la Porte.—La Russie ressentit la première les effets de cette nécessité; sa position particulière à l'égard de la Turquie, les relations de voisinage aussi compliquées que nombreuses qu'elle entretenait de longue date avec cet empire, les rapports de clientèle et de commerce qui s'étaient établis depuis un demi siècle entre elle et les Grecs, par l'effet des droits de protection que lui accordaient les traités, enfin la conformité de culte qui rapproche ses sujets de la population chrétienne des états du Grand Seigneur, étaient autant de causes qui devaient se réunir pour ne lui point permettre de demeurer indifférente aux complications qui menaçaient d'embraser l'Orient.

Faux soupçons contre la Russie. Sa conduite leur sert de réfutation.— Aussi cette même position donna-t-elle lieu à cette époque au soupçon que la Russie n'avait point été étrangère à l'explosion éclatée dans les Principautés du Danube. Il serait aujourd'hui superflu de réfuter sérieusement ces rumeurs répandues par la malveillance et accueillies par la crédulité. Il suffira de rappeler ici la conduite tenue par l'Empereur Alexandre à la nouvelle des premiers troubles de Moldavie.

On n'ignore pas que le Prince Ipsilanti, qui y avait excité un soulèvement, ayant écrit à sa Majesté Impériale pour lui demander sa protection et des secours, l'Empereur lui répondit qu'il désapprouvait complètement son entreprise, le raya des contrôles de l'armée russe, dans laquelle il occupait le grade de Général-Major, et lui fit défense de jamais rentrer en Russie. Quant à Théodore Wladimiresu, qui de son côté avait arboré dans la Petite Valachie l'étendard de la révolte, il fut également rayé de la liste des Chevaliers de Wladimir, dont il était décoré. En même temps le ministre de sa Majesté Impériale à Constantinople recevait ordre de donner à la Porte communication de ces mesures, et de lui exprimer le vœu de voir l'insurrection étouffée dans son germe.

Conduite spontanée du Baron de Stroganoff à Constantinople.-Une preuve incontestable de la confiance qu'inspiraient les intentions désintéressées de l'Empereur à ceux qui par leur position étaient plus à même de les pressentir, c'est qu'avant même d'avoir reçu les ordres dont il s'agit, le