19 20 21 22 24 25 28 29 μικροῦ δεῖν] parenthetic, like ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν and many other such infini tives. ἀντίπαις] but just past boyhood. πρὸς] in relation to =at, by. See piscator § 24. § 17. μεταξὺ λέγοντος] ἐμοῦ. 'While I was yet speaking'. So in Charon § 6, piscator § 38, and often. μεταξύ is an adverb, and does not govern the genitive (which is one of those called 'absolute') in this construction with participles. Compare Aristoph Ran 1242 μεταξύ θύων, and a host of other passages. See also on Charon § 24 μεταξὺ λόγων. δικανικόν] detailed”, “wearisome. Compare Plato apol 32 2 ἐρῶ δὲ ὑμῖν φορτικὰ μὲν καὶ δικανικὰ ἀληθῆ δέ. τάχα που] = perhaps or almost most likely'. τριέσπερος] the child of three evenings, like Herakles. καὶ αὐτὸς] itself too', meaning the dream, so long that it must have taken 3 nights to dream it. τί δ ̓ οὖν ἐπῆλθεν αὐτῷ] = cur igitur ei in mentem venit ? See on de luctu § 19 ἐπῄει. ἕωλος...] ' this frigid talk of his is stale”. μὴ ὑπείληφε ;] ' surely he cannot have taken us for a sort of dream-interpreters'. For un asking a doubting question compare Plato Apol 28 d (speaking of Achilles) αὐτίκα, φησί, τεθναίην δίκην ἐπιθεὶς τῷ ἀδικοῦντι, ἵνα μὴ ἐνθάδε μένω καταγέλαστος παρὰ νηυσὶ κορωνίσιν, ἄχθος ἀρούρης. μὴ αὐτὸν οἴει φροντίσαι θανάτου καὶ κινδύνου; ὑποκριτὰς] interpreters, expounders. Sommerbrodt well compares vera hist 2 § 33 ̓Αντιφῶν ὁ τῶν ὀνείρων ὑποκριτής, and Iliad XII 228 ὧδε χ ̓ ὑποκρίναιτο θεοπρόπος. ὁ Ξενοφῶν] Anab III 1 § 11 μικρὸν δ ̓ ὕπνου λαχὼν εἶδεν ὄναρ· ἔδοξεν αὐτῷ βροντῆς γενομένης σκηπτὸς πεσεῖν εἰς τὴν πατρῴαν οἰκίαν καὶ ἐκ τούτου λάμπεσθαι πᾶσαν. 31 καὶ τὰ ἄλλα] ‘and so on', meaning probably the account given by Xenophon of his own interpretation of his dream immediately after. οὐχ] the negative repeated, as often in Greek. Compare Aristoph Lys 61-63 οὐδ' ἂς προσεδόκουν κἀλογιζόμην ἐγὼ πρώτας παρέσεσθαι δεῦρο τὰς Αχαρνέων γυναῖκας, οὐχ ἥκουσιν. ὑπόκρισιν] ‘as matter for interpretation', and therefore for display. Page 8. 2 οὐδ ̓ ὡς etc] 'nor yet as having resolved to tell it all in jest". αὐτὰ= the circumstances. ἐν ἀπογνώσει πραγμάτων] in despair of affairs, that is, when all was 3 given up for lost' after the treacherous seizure and murder of the Greek generals by Tissaphernes. Tɩ kai Xρησιμov] what is the force of this kal here? Is it (a) 'something useful as well' (as seriously meant on the part of Xenophon), or (b) 'something useful, simply laying a stress on xpýσμov, or (c) is it separated from dλά, belonging rightfully to it? 4 Kai Tolvuv] 'so then'. 6 § 18. Taideías exwvтai] 'hold fast to Culture', by industry and perse verance. 7 Oeloкake] shirks work, plays the coward wilfully. The word approaches our 'malingering' in sense. Compare Herod v 78 (speaking of the rise of Athens after the expulsion of the Tyrants) dŋλοî ŵv TaûTa ὅτι κατεχόμενοι μὲν ἐθελοκάκεον ὡς δεσπότῃ ἐργαζόμενοι· ἐλευθερωθέντων δὲ αὐτὸς ἕκαστος ἑωυτῷ προθυμέετο κατεργάζεσθαι. εὖ οἶδ' ὅτι] so εὖ ἴσθι, οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως, and many others, are thrust parenthetically into sentences. Compare Charon § 1 ξεναγήσεις γὰρ εὐ οἶδ' ὅτι με. μηδὲν] another monstrous μή. πpos] to meet, hence in the face of'. el kal...... ȧdoğóτepos] if nothing more, at all events as good as any stone-carver of them all'. 2 3 4 CHARON. § 1, page 9. τὴν ἡμετέραν] γῆν oι χώραν. It is to be observed that Hermes speaks of the Earth as 'our country', in opposition to the lower world, where Charon dwelt. But when in §§ 8, 20, and here Charon uses μîv and nμâs of the powers below, including himself, he may perhaps not mean to exclude Hermes, whose office of messenger would lead him into all three worlds alike. ἐπιχωριάζειν] to concern yourself with' things above. Literally to 'visit', as in Plato Phaedo 57 a тŵV TOλITŵv Þλiaoíwv ovdeìs wávu ti ἐπιχωριάζει τὰ νῦν ̓Αθήναζε. Tà èv T ẞiw] See on § 15 Tòv ẞlov, and below in this section. 8 8 OeTraλds] Protesilaus of Phylake in Thessaly went on the Trojan expedition, and was the first to leap ashore on the Trojan coast, though knowing well that death awaited him who should first land. The prayers of his faithful wife Laodameia gained for him 3 hours leave of absence from Hades to visit the upper world. When the 3 hours leave 14 expired, she died with him. Sommerbrodt. The scene in dial mort 23 is more in agreement with the present passage as to details than the common version of the legend. See also de luctu § 5. λιπόνεως γενέσθαι] to leave the ship. In cataplus § 3 ὀλίγου δεῖν λιπόνεως ὑμῖν τήμερον ἐγενόμην it seems to mean came too late '= missed the boat. és déov] 'to need' needfully, that is, 'in the nick of time'. Sommerbrodt compares de hist conscr § 63 εὖ ἂν ἔχοι καὶ ἐς δέον ἡμῖν yéуpaπтaι 'it will be well, and my essay has been opportune'. ev old' öτ] parenthetic, as often. is av eidus äπavra] as you would naturally, knowing all things'. The knowledge is only mentioned by Charon as what he himself gives Homer credit for. But the av does not belong to the participle, as Jacobitz seems to think. Rather a verb in the optative mood must be understood, such as ws (deiçais) äv...Compare § 14 and Dem Midias Ρ 519 καὶ θόρυβον καὶ κρότον τοιοῦτον ὡς ἂν ἐπαινοῦντές τε καὶ συνησθέντες ἐποιήσατε, where we must understand ὡς (ποιήσαιτε) ἄν. Had the knowledge here been attributed to Hermes as a certainty, we must, as Sommerbrodt remarks, have had ἅτε εἰδὼς ἅπαντα. Tavw Au] the Zeus above, that is, the real Zeus as opposed to ó Káтw Zeus as Pluto is often called. In dial mort 23 the dead Protesilaus addresses Pluto as ἡμέτερε Ζεν. 17 eroinge] in the Iliad 1 590-1 Hephaestus says non ráp μe kol ἀλλοτ ̓ ἀλεξέμεναι μεμαώτα ῥῖψε ποδὸς τεταγὼν ἀπὸ βηλοῦ θεσπεσίοιο. TETAYWV TOû Todds=having caught me by the foot. 18 is тaρéxoiμi]='so that I should afford' matter for laughter. Strictly then we should have wσTE TαρEXEL. But Lucian's optative moods are past all healing. See here below is étavéloμi, § 2 is tools, ὡς κατίδοις, § 3 ὡς ἔχοιμεν, § 6 ὡς βλέποιμι, § 9 ὡς ἄρχοι, piscator § 13 ὡς περιπατήσειε, § 15 ὡς ἂν εἴη, § 16 ως γένοιτο, § 44 ὡς μὴ ἀντιποιοῖντο, § 47 ὡς πάντα ἔχοις. 20 ❝ws] at random, fruitlessly. See piscator § 20. 21 σvvdiáктopos] my fellow-conductor. Hermes was called diákтopos probably because he escorted the souls of the dead to their places in the nether world. Part of the journey would be accomplished in Charon's boat. kal μn] 'yet'. Compare §§ 11, 17, piscator § 5, Ikarom §§ 17, 19, and elsewhere. Page 10. J Kaλus eixe] 'it was well' some time back, and still is. The sense then is it would have been well' to remember. Render yet you might well remember'. Compare Ikarom § 16 Kai un Kai Taûтa w Μένιππε καλῶς εἶχε λέγειν, piscator § 2 ἄριστον ήν, de luctu § 10 κάλλιον ἦν. μηδεπώποτε] here again the μὴ is intolerable. H. L. 6 17 20 el Tiva evpois] whenever you light upon a talkative corpse'. The optative, as often, expresses frequent occurrence, or the chance of it. παρ' ὅλον τὸν πλοῦν] the whole passage through. So § 18 παρὰ τὸν Biov, piscator § 25 etc. Tрòs Tоû Tαтрós] 'in your father's name'. Hermes was the son of Zeus and Maia. Teрinynoα] imperative of first aorist. τι καὶ ἰδὼν] καὶ emphasizes ἰδών. ‘That I may see something before I return'. ovdèv diolow] I shall be in no respect different from, that is, shall be 'no better off than' the blind. διολισθαίνοντες] the termination in αίνω marks the late Greek. For the word see piscator § 30. σo] this is the so-called ethic dative to you, before you, in your sight, and so forth. Thus I also, you see, am blinded by the light' [being used to the gloom (ópos) of the nether world]. Compare § 23 ἡ Βαβυλὼν δέ σοι ἐκείνη ἐστὶν ἡ εὔπυργος, § 17 ἔξει τέλος αὐτῷ, piscator § 22 ὑμῖν, § 29 σοι, § 45 ὑμῖν, § 52 σοι. him. Tρòs Tò pŵs] against = 'on meeting' the light. Κυλλήνιε] so called from the mount Κυλλήνη in Arcadia, sacred to ès deì peμvnooμévw] to me who will never forget it. Compare συνόντα § 2. és deì for evermore. deì=continually. § 2. καταστήσεται] will turn out, become. Compare Timon § r ιδού γέ τοι αὐτίκα μάλα πλούσιος ἐκ πενεστάτου καταστήσεται ὁ Τίμων. Ovк åкóvôvλov] not without knuckles, that is, blows. that is, τί γὰρ ἂν καὶ πάθοι τις] for what would happen to a man, 'What is one to do, when a friend is so very pressing?' Compare Menippus § 3 τί γὰρ ἂν καὶ πάθοι τις, ὁπότε φίλος ἀνὴρ βιάζοιτο ; κηρύττεσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός] be proclaimed by Zeus, as having run away; that is, Zeus will offer a reward for me. 21 Kwλúσa] the business will hinder you......Supply with Jacobitz ǹ διατριβή. An affirmative verb must be supplied from κwλúσe to govern ζημιοῦν, such as ποιήσει or ἀναγκάσει. This is not uncommon in Greek. 23 nuoûv] to make Pluto's empire suffer, that is, fall off in numbers, from your not bringing corpses over for some time, and that long (πολλοῦ predicative). 24 ¿μπoλŵv] getting, or as we say 'taking by way of fees'. In catapl § 4 Aeacus is also represented as 'sitting at the receipt of custom' by the gate of Hades, and Hermes has to account to him for every Veкpòs entered by Atropos on the way-bill (ovußoλov). But this is a wide departure from the better-known story of his being judge in the 25 29 nether world with Minos and Rhadamanthus as colleagues. See de luctu §§ 4, 16. is tools] how you are to see. To oλov] 'on the whole', 'in general'. Sommerbrodt compares catapl § 26 τὸ μὲν ὅλον οὐδὲ λόγων ἔδει. Page 11. I 2 6 7 8 9 10 II EK TеρɩWTS] by a bird's-eye view. So piscator § 15. § 3. Tpòs vuâs] that is, Hermes and the veкpol under his charge in crossing the Styx on any occasion. ὁπόταν γὰρ τὸ βέλτιον] “for whenever the wind comes down in a squall and strikes the sail aslant, and the wave rises high, your ignorance makes you ask me to shorten sail or slack off the sheet a bit or put her before the wind; while I bid you keep quiet and mind your own business, telling you that I know what to do". Tλayla] predicative. 'Strikes the sail, it being aslant at the time'. The vessel is making the passage across the river, with the wind directly up or down stream. Tǹν ¿Ðóvηv σteîλa] to furl the sail, probably here (as often) only part of it. Hence to take in a reef or 'shorten sail'. TOû Todos] the Toùs or 'sheet' of the sail was a rope attached to the lower corner of a sail, in order to regulate its position with reference to the wind. The sail meant is probably a rectangular one, set or 'bent' on a yard above, and having a Tous at either of the lower corners. The genitive TOû Todos is not governed by ¿λiyov, but is of a partitive nature, and would stand here, whether you were kept or not, after such a verb as ἐνδοῦναι. See Aristoph Ran 7oo τῆς ὀργῆς ἀνέντες=having abated of your anger. Here évdoûvaι ¿Níyov is as one word 'to give-in-alittle'. σνveкdρаμεîv] to run out with: here, to 'run before' the wind. τῷ πνέοντι] ἀνέμῳ. Compare Hermotimus § 28 ἢν ἅπαξ ἐπιδῷ τῇ πνεούσῃ (that is αὔρᾳ) τις αυτόν. Jacobitz. [Bekker there reads τῇ πλeοúσŋ, but I suspect Jacobitz is right.] Tηv novxíav äɣew] to keep the quiet, that is, the usual and proper quiet to keep still and not to meddle. Compare piscator § 27 ÉTTEÙ τό γε τὴν ἡσυχίαν ἄγειν καὶ ὑβριζόμενον ἀνέχεσθαι οὐ μετριότητος ἀλλ ̓ ἀνανδρίας καὶ εὐηθείας εἰκότως ἂν νομίζοιτο, deor dial 15 8 3 οἶδεν· ἀλλὰ τί αν δρᾶσαι δύναιτο, γενναῖον ὁρῶν νεανίαν καὶ στρατιώτην αὐτόν; ὥστε τὴν ἡσυχίαν ἄγει. avtòs yàp eidévai] governed by 'I say' to be understood from παρακελεύομαι. TO BENTOV] 'that which is better' to do. |