to me; but I have been informed that the distinguished ethnologist Dr. Latham had commenced collecting them with a view to publication: Semet, a sieve.

Wieste, dreary, desolate.
Eddish, stubble.

Mabsant, a marriage feast.

Vlaithens, a species of porridge.

Perch, to sit down.

Toit, free, gay, untrammelled. Pilm, dust.

Drownd, a greyhound.

Vorion, the headlands of a ploughed field. Nummet, anything eaten in the hand, equivalent to luncheon in English. &c. &c.

The names also which prevail amongst them are very different from those of their Welsh neighbours: as Holland, Hullin (perhaps a corruption of the last), Guy, Clement, Givelin, &c. They keep carefully apart from the Welsh, who also regard them with contempt, and who still designate them by the name of "The Flemings." Intermarriages are of the rarest occurrence, and, ethnologically speaking, the differences of the two races are most striking. The Flemings are taller, and less finely knit, than the Cymry; yet they have fine independent upright figures, the expression of which is made more emphatic by their large clear blue eyes, their placid perhaps almost phlegmatic-countenances, and the quietude of their movements. The most striking trait, however, of the physiog nomy is the great length from the inner corner of the eye to the nostril.

If they were indeed, as is generally affirmed. planted by Henry I., for the purpose of instructing the Welsh in the weaving of woollens, they have admirably fulfilled their task; and even yet their whittles, scarfs, &c., are celebrated for their fine texture and brilliant scarlet colour. SELEUCUS.

Your correspondent F. M. will find many particulars on this subject in Fuller's Worthies, article "Pembrokeshire;" and in Norris's Etchings of Tenby, &c., 4to.: London, 1812. S. S. S.

See "N. & Q.," Vol. iv., pp. 370, 371. and 453.
J. LEWELYN CURTIS.

In the western suburbs of the town of Leicester, by the side of the ancient via vicinalis, leading from the Roman Rate to the Vosse Road, and about seventy yards beyond the old Bow Bridge (so romantically associated with the closing scenes in the eventful life of Richard III.), rises a constant spring of beautifully limpid water, and known as St. Augustine's, or, more commonly, St. Austin's Well. It derived its designation from its vicinity to the Augustine monastery, situated immediately on the opposite side of the river Soar. The well is now covered and enclosed; but within the memory of persons still living it was in the state thus described by Nichols (Hist. Leic. vol. i. p. 300.) —

"The well is three quarters of a yard broad, and the same in length within its enclosure, the depth of its water from the lip, or back-edging on the earth, where it commonly overflows, is half a yard. It is covered with a millstone, and enclosed with brick on three sides; that towards the Bow Bridge and the town, is

open."

This well will come under the list of those men

tioned by MR. RAWLINSON as "good for sore eyes," it having been formerly in great repute as a remedy in these cases; and even since the enclosure of the well, many applications for water from the pump erected in the adjoining ground have, I know, been made for the same purpose. Permit me to record, as a further instance of the strange metamorphoses which proper names undergo in the oral traditions of the people (see the articles on the Tanthony Bell" in "N. & Q.," Vol. iii., pp. 428. 484.), that on making some inquiries a few years ago of "the oldest inhabitant" of the neighbourhood, respecting St. Augustine's Well, he at first pleaded ignorance of it, but at length, suddenly enlightened, exclaimed "Oh! you mean Tostings's Well!" Nor may it be uninteresting to mention, as an illustration of the modes of burial anciently practised by some of the religious orders *, that in the year 1842, on making some excavations in the ground lying between the well and the river Soar (which is said to have been the burial ground of the monastery, and in which now moulders all that remains of "the last of the Plantagenets"), several skeletons were discovered. They had evidently been interred without coffins, and one, which was carefully uncovered, was found lying with the arms crossed, not over the breast, but over the abdomen, in a similar manner to that delineated on the rare brass of a priest at Fulbourn, Cambridge.

In addition to this holy well, we have also another in the town called St. James's Well, but I am not aware that there is any legend connected with it, except that it had a hermitage adjoining

it, or that any particular virtue was attributed to it: whilst in the county we have on Charnwood Forest the well giving its name to Holy- Well-Haw, and the spring on Bosworth Field, rendered famous by the tradition of Richard III. having drunk at it during the battle, and which is surmounted by an inscription to that effect from the pen of the learned Dr. Parr. LEICESTRIENSIS.

"OH, GO FROM THE WINDOW!"

(Vol. vi., p. 75.)

The following stanzas of this old ballad occur in Beaumont and Fletcher's Knight of the Burning Pestle, 1611 (Act III. Sc. 5.):

"Go from my window, love, go;

66

Go from my window, my dear!
The wind and the rain

Will drive you back again;

You cannot be lodged here.

Begone, begone, my juggy, my puggy,
Begone, my love, my dear!

The weather is warm,
"Twill do thee no harm;

Thou canst not be lodged here."

pre

Fragments are again quoted in The Woman's Prize (Act I. Sc. 3.); and in Monsieur Thomas (Act III. Sc. 3.). But the song is much older than the seventeenth century. The tune is served in Queen Elizabeth's Virginal Book; in Barley's New Booke of Tablature, 1596; and in Morley's First Booke of Consort Lessons, 1598. It is also one of those ballads that received the honour of "moralisation," in Andro Hart's Compendious Booke of Godly and Spirituall Songs. In the latter shape it is so curious that I subjoin it, for the especial benefit of those readers who may not have met with a "godly" version of one of Old England's sinful ditties:

"Quho [who] is at my windo, who, who?
Goe from my windo, goe, goe,
Quho calls there, so like ane strangere?
Goe from my windo, goe, goe.
"Lord, I am here, ane wrached mortal,
That for thy mercie dois crie and call
Unto thee, my Lord celestiall;

See who is at my windo, who?
"O gracious Lord celestiall,

As thou art Lord and King eternall;
Grant us grace that we may enter all,
And in at thy doore let me goe.
"Quho is at my windo, quho?
Goe from my windo, goe;
Cry no more there, like ane strangere,

But in at my doore thou goe!"

In Heywood's Rape of Lucrece, ed. 1620, is a sort of paraphrase or companion song to this, but it is far too contemptible to be worth transcribing. It is inserted with some variations (not for the

better) in the fourth volume of Durfey's Pills to Purge Melancholy, 1719.

"Go from my window," retained its popularity until a late period. It is mentioned in Otway's Soldier's Fortune, and several other plays of about the same time.

Traditional versions are probably still floating about the country. The late Mr. Bacon of Norwich used to sing one, which, to judge from the first stanza (the only one that could be recalled to memory) promised an improvement upon the ancient copy:

"Go from my window, my love, my dove,
Go from my window, my dear!

For the wind is in the west,

And the cuckoo's in his nest,

And you can't have a lodging here."

. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.

MITIGATION OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT TO A

FORGER.

(Vol. v., p. 444.)

After an interval of several years from the time of my hearing the story referred to by H. B. C., and of which I made no note at the time, I met my informant last week, and had an opportunity of correcting certain failures of memory. I find that it was only said in the neighbourhood where he had lived, that the forger had escaped from the hulks by counterfeiting a government order for his own release. What, therefore, was stated by me as a fact, had been only a report. The petition was presented to the judges as they descended the steps of the "Judges' Lodgings" at York, which is a considerable edifice. A Yorkshire parminster to obtrude itself into a good story. I son may be excused for unwittingly allowing the cannot now divest myself of the first impression; but, of course, I submit. The obdurate judge was Baron Graham. The trial took place about thirty-five years ago.

In order to put H. B. C. still more closely on the trail, I will mention, whilst my information is fresh, that my friend also told me that it was about the second known instance of the royal clemency being extended to a condemned forger. The previous case was scarcely less interesting. A forger was sentenced to be hanged; but there were extenuating circumstances, and a petition to the crown in his favour was circulated for signature. One person who signed it was a dissenting minister named Fawcett, who sometime before had published a Commentary on the Bible, with which George III. had been so well pleased, that he sent for him, and told him he should be glad to serve him. Mr. Fawcett, however, replied, that his majesty could give him nothing in this life which he valued. The king then told him, that

In MR. SINGER's remarks upon my defence of this expression, I can only find one tangible point admitting of reply. Against the mere assertion of adverse opinion, without argument, I have no desire to contend.

The alleged "fatal objection," in the present instance, is this:

"The context requires a plural noun to be in concord with they and their, and therefore this bosom multiplied' cannot be right."

Now, I can scarcely believe it possible that MR. SINGER could have overlooked the parallel metaphor to which I directed attention in the fifth clause of my original argument; and yet in that metaphor this very same peculiarity of expression (which MR. SINGER is pleased to call error) is much more prominent, viz.:

"At once pluck out

The multitudinous tongue, let them not lick The sweet which is their poison." This passage is, I presume, of undoubted genuineness; and yet, in it them and their are in much closer apparent connexion with the singular noun, than in the case objected to; consequently, with such a palpable example, within a few lines, of a repetition of the very difficulty he was animadverting upon, I cannot conceive how MR. SINGER could indulge in the vein he has respecting it.

But the truth is, that no real difficulty exists at all; because it is quite plain that the dominant antecedent throughout the whole speech, to such words as they, them, their, &c., is "the people," in this question of Brutus which occurs a few lines previously:

the armorial ensigns attributed to each by Burke in his Armorie bear striking affinity not only with each other, but even, to some extent, with the obviously (at first sight) distinct families of Rees, Reid, or Rede. On the kindred name Wrey Wotton remarks (vol. iii. p. 362.):

From an old pedigree of this family I find Robert Le Wrey living 2nd King Stephen (A.D. 1136); and by the prefixed adjunct they seem to take their name from some office. Others denominate them from their habitation of Wrey, co. Devon."

The halberds in the coat of arms, and the old crest of the family (an arm holding a commander's truncheon), seem to confirm the idea of their official origin. The old word to ree or ray, according to Bailey, signifies "to agitate corn in a sieve, that the chaffy or lighter parts may gather together." Might Le Wrey have had originally some such signification, adopted, like the patronymic Malleus or Mallet, from the bruising propensities of the first bearer of the name?

The connexion (if Burke can be depended on) between this name and some of its numerous affinities (supposing the variations to have been adopted at pleasure, as in the case of the great naturalist), may be inferred from the subjoined tabular view which (if not trespassing too much on your space) may perhaps interest some of your philological or antiquarian readers: Az. on a chief or, 3 martlets gules, borne by

Sa. a fess between 3 poleaxes arg. helved gu., borne by

(To this last name (Ray) Burke assigns the "Bourchier" crest only as that of the family, as borne by Sir Bourchier Wrey, Bart., in conjunction with his paternal crest.)

Az. a chevron ermine between 3 battleaxes or, handled gu., on a chief of the last 3 martlets gu., borne by

(This coat, it will be seen, is formed on the blending of the two shields above given.)

Azure 3 crescents or, borne by

Wray and Ray,

Wrey and Ray

Wrey

Ray and Rythee (Barons Rythee temp. Edw. I.)

Wray and Reay

Rea and Ree

Azure 6 crescents or, borne by Per pale wavy argent and sable 3 crescents counterchanged, borne by Argent, on a bend sable, between 3 crescents, as many annulets or, borne by

Rye

- Reed

Rees

3 ostriches' heads, with horseshoes in the beak, or, borne by Ryed or Ryede (The crest of the family of Wray

and Ray is an ostrich, in the beak a horseshoe.)

These instances may suffice to show the seemingly kindred origin of several branches of each family. It will be seen none exactly resemble the coat given by your correspondent as that adopted by John Ray.

The adoption of the family motto, I am more inclined to think, must be looked on as a mere jeu-de-mot an heraldic pun (of which many instances may be adduced *) originating in the simple choice, but more often the whimsical caprice, of the adopter. The family of Homfray bear for motto, "L'homme vrai aime son pays: on which Burke has the following (Vide Commoners, vol. i. p. 236.):

"The name of 'Homfray' is derived from the

* "Vero nihil verius" is the family motto of Vere. Vernon bears "Ver non semper viret,"- capable of a double signification; "Sapere aude " for Wyse; and "Vows should be respected" for Vowe; "Quod dixi, dixi" for Dixie; "Vincenti dabitur" for Vincent; "Ne vile velis" for Neville: and many others may be added, each having some peculiarity to recommend them: for quaintness some, as " Do no yll, quoth Doyle," D'Oyley. Wykeham and Curzon are other specimens: but the most remarkable for applicability is the motto borne by the family of Dymoke, Hereditary Champions of England, viz. " Pro rege Dimico," assumed probably at the time of the alliance of the family with the great house of Marmyon; or at all events in allusion to the tenure of Scrivelsby, from which the office of champion was derived.

French words 'Homme vrai,' and the several families of Humfrey, various as the spelling may be, claim a common progenitor. The branch Homfray of Landaff, &c. is the only one, however, which has preserved the correct (?) orthography."

If this argument, ingenious as it is, be capable of proof, whence, may I ask, arises the far more frequent use of the terminate phrey or phry, and their variations? Bailey gives the etymon of Humfrey (only) from "Home, Eng." and the Saxon for "peace," "q. d. one who makes peace at home," - a very domesticated original, truly, and a most worthy and becoming_commentary on the prenomen Homme vrai. Have we not received this name, like Godfrey, from the German; or may not th ph be derived from the Greek-perhaps from Ομόφρων, or some other compound of φρὴν, of like signification? unanimity, concord, &c., being implied in this, as in the other "peace-loving" derivative. H. W. S. S.

Southampton.

THE DEMONSTRATIVE 99 THAT IN THE OPENING OF (6 MEASURE FOR MEASURE." (Vol. vi., p. 79.)

The only point upon which I wish to prolong the discussion with MR. HICKSON relates to Measure for Measure; being the "question of fact" respecting which he now makes the following admission:

"If we do say to a messenger 'take that to,' &c., the words indicate that they accompany the act of transferring the missive; and whoever should not accompany the words with such acts, would use them improperly."

This admission is all that I contend for. It is the precise hypothesis upon which I have all along based my interpretation of the passage in the opening of Measure for Measure; but I understood MR. HICKSON, in his first communication, to deny it.

If he will refer to my original statement, he will find that my hypothesis was this: that the absolute act of transfer commences with "Then no more remains ;" and ends with "there is your commission."

MR. HICKSON will surely not deny that there may be such a thing as a protracted presentation! Particularly when we have its exact counterpart in the equally protracted presentation subse quently made to Angelo, commencing with "Hold, therefore, Angelo," and ending with "take your

commission!"

PORTRAIT OF GEORGE FOX.

(Vol. v., p. 164.; Vol. vi., p. 43.) Thomas Clio Rickman was a stationer in Upper Marylebone Street within the last twenty years; presuming, therefore, that the original portrait of Fox, supposed to be painted by Honthorst, is still in existence, I shall be glad to know in whose possession it now is: and as I am editing for the Chetham Society a collection of papers, chiefly consisting of the private correspondence of the immediate family connexions of George Fox, I shall be much obliged to the present possessor of this portrait if he will permit me to see it.

An impression of this engraving may be found in the portfolio of Joseph Smith, Bookseller, in Oxford Street, New Road, Whitechapel, who possesses several representations of Fox, but no other in a devotional attitude.

One of these, well engraved in line by Samuel Allen, after a painting by S. Chinn, was published in 1838; another, lithographed by T. Stackhouse from a drawing by W. Dance, was published in 1824; and a third is a small dotted engraving, without the name of painter or engraver, published by W. Darton in 1822. Mr. Smith believes that none of these three representations is copied from any authentic portrait: but he possesses also a very small oval plate-engraving printed in folio, without date; it is a fac-simile of a rude woodcut which Mr. Smith believes was printed in some publication contemporaneous with Fox; and he understands that with the assistance of this woodcut, the above-mentioned three portraits were composed.

The only other portrait of Fox, which I have seen or heard of, is an etching by Sawyer, Jun., published by Rodd of Little Newport Street; Mr. Rodd informs me that this etching was founded on the before-mentioned woodcut, which was printed, with George Fox's name attached, on an advertisement sheet, issued by the proprietors of a quack medicine of very old standing, called the Anodyne Necklace. J. LEWELYN CURTIS.

ST. MARGARET.

(Vol. vi., p. 76.)

Your correspondent may like to know that there are several metrical legends touching St. Margaret. One given by Hickes from a MS. in Trin. Coll. Cambr.:

"Olde ant yonge i preit our folies for to lete." Another in the Vernon MS. at Oxford:

"Seinte Margarete was an holi maid and good." And one printed, of which no mention has yet been made; neither Ames, Herbert, nor Dibdin having recorded it:

"Here begynneth the lyfe of Saynte Margarete." Woodcut of a saint, holding the cross between both hands, and standing on the dragon crouching beneath her, as subdued. The cut repeated at the back of the title. Colophon :

"a Enprynted at London wihtin Teple barre in