164 φανῇ, ἵν ̓ ἕλησθε τὰ κρείττω. ἂν μὲν τοίνυν

καταψηφίσησθε, ὥσπερ ἡμεῖς κελεύομεν, οἱ μὲν ἄξιοι παρ' ὑμῶν τὰ δίκαι ̓ ἕξουσιν, εἰ δέ τις ἐστὶν ἀνάξιος, ὡς ἔστω, πρὸς τῷ τὴν δωρεὰν ἀφαιρεθῆναι δίκην ἣν ἂν ὑμῖν δοκῇ δώσει κατὰ τὸν παρεισενηνεγμένον νόμον, ἡ δὲ πόλις πιστή, δικαία, πρὸς ἅπαντας ἀψευδὴς φανήσεται. ἐὰν δ ̓ ἀποψηφίσησθε, ὃ μὴ ποιήσητε, οἱ μὲν χρηστοὶ διὰ τοὺς φαύλους ἀδικήσονται, οἱ δ ̓ ἀνάξιοι συμφορᾶς ἑτέροις αἴτιοι γενήσονται, δίκην δ' οὐδ ̓ ἡντινοῦν αὐτοὶ δώσουσιν, ἡ δὲ πόλις τά ναντί ̓ ὧν εἶπον ἀρτίως δόξει ἄπιστος, φθονερά, 165 φαύλη παρὰ πᾶσιν εἶναι. οὔκουν ἄξιον, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, τοσαύτην βλασφημίαν ἀντὶ καλῶν καὶ προσηκόντων ὑμῖν ἀγαθῶν ἑλέσθαι. καὶ γὰρ ἕκαστος ὑμῶν ἰδίᾳ μεθέξει τῆς δόξης τῶν κοινῇ γνωσθέντων. οὐ γὰρ ἀγνοεῖ τοῦτ ̓ οὐδεὶς οὔτε τῶν περιεστηκότων οὔτε τῶν ἄλλων, ὅτι ἐν μὲν τῷ δικαστηρίῳ Λεπτίνης πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀγωνί ζεται, ἐν δὲ τῇ τῶν καθημένων ὑμῶν ἑνὸς ἑκάστου γνώμῃ φιλανθρωπία πρὸς φθόνον καὶ δικαιοσύνη πρὸς κακίαν καὶ πάντα τὰ χρηστὰ πρὸς τὰ 166 πονηρότατ ̓ ἀντιτάττεται. ὧν τοῖς βελτίοσι πειθόμενοι, καὶ κατὰ ταὔθ ̓ ἡμῖν θέμενοι τὴν 508 ψῆφον, αὐτοί θ ̓ ἃ προσήκει δόξετ ̓ ἐγνωκέναι, καὶ τῇ πόλει τὰ κράτιστ ̓ ἔσεσθ ̓ ἐψηφισμένοι, κἄν τις ἄρ ̓ ἔλθῃ ποτὲ καιρός, οὐκ ἀπορήσετε τῶν ἐθελησόντων ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κινδυνεύειν. ὑπὲρ οὖν τούτων ἁπάντων οἶμαι δεῖν ὑμᾶς σπουδάζειν καὶ προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν, ὅπως μὴ βιασθῆθ ̓ ἁμαρτάνειν.

πολλὰ γὰρ ὑμεῖς, ὦ ἄνδρες ̓Αθηναῖοι, πολλάκις οὐκ ἐδιδάχθηθ ̓ ὡς ἔστι δίκαια, ἀλλ ̓ ἀφῃρέθηθ' ὑπὸ τῆς τῶν λεγόντων κραυγῆς καὶ βίας καὶ ἀναισχυντίας. ὃ μὴ πάθητε νῦν· οὐ γὰρ ἄξιον. 167 ἀλλ ̓ ἃ δίκαι ̓ ἐγνώκατε, ταῦτα φυλάξατε καὶ μνημονεύετε, ἕως ἂν ψηφίσησθε, ἵν ̓ εὔορκον θῆσθε τὴν ψῆφον κατὰ τῶν τὰ πονηρὰ συμβουλευόντων. θαυμάζω δ ̓ ἔγωγ ̓ εἰ τοῖς μὲν τὸ νόμισμα διαφθείρουσι θάνατος παρ ̓ ὑμῖν ἐστὶν ἡ ζημία, τοῖς δ ̓ ὅλην τὴν πόλιν κίβδηλον καὶ ἄπιστον ποιοῦσι λόγον δώσετε. οὐ δήπου γ ̓, ὦ Ζεῦ καὶ θεοί.

Οὐκ οἶδ' ὅ τι δεῖ πλείω λέγειν· οἶμαι γὰρ ὑμᾶς οὐδὲν ἀγνοεῖν τῶν εἰρημένων.

NOTES.

Ρ. 1, § 1. "Ανδρες δικασταί. The abrupt beginning of this speech, plunging at once into the subject without any introductory remarks, is probably due to the fact that it was immediately preceded by Phormio's speech on the same side.

λeλúodal. The perfect tense of an action yet in the future, seems to mark the conviction of Demosthenes that his demands could not be resisted, and that the repeal of the law was absolutely certain. Cp. § 28.

τοῦ παιδὸς τοῦ Χαβρίου. It is remarkable that Demosthenes never names Ctesippus, probably because the sympathy of the jury would be more readily excited by the memory of Chabrias than by the name of an undistinguished youth like his son.

τούτοις . σuvepeîv, 'to support the cause of Ctesippus and Apsephion.' σuvepeîv, because the actual parties to a suit opened the pleadings on their own behalf, though probably only in a formal manner, leaving the real advocacy of their cause to their συνήγοροι.

κἄν τις ἄλλος. See § 146.

εὑρομένους ἀτέλειαν, having managed to secure exemption for themselves. So § 15, τῶν εὑρισκομένων τὰς δωρεάς.

τὰς λειτουργίας. See Excursus I.

TOÚTW TλELOTŲ Kтλ., 'will lay the greatest stress on this argument.' Demosthenes, on the other hand, postpones the consideration of the expediency of the law, as being his weakest point.

§ 2. κατηγοροῦντα agrees with a suppressed τινά; ‘that a man, because he has an accusation to bring against some individuals, should seek to deprive all of their privileges.

Tv ådíkov, partitive genitive, ‘is to be classed among deeds of injustice.'

epnral. Sc. by Phormio.

ei tà μádɩota, ‘if it were ever so true that.'

ὑμᾶς τε καὶ τούτους. By thus intimating that Leptines virtually classed the jury with the misdoers, Demosthenes ingeniously enlists the former on his side.

ὑμᾶς ἐξεῖναι. ὑμᾶς is here antithetical to τοὺς ἔχοντας. 'Those who were exempt he deprived of their exemption, you, who had the power to confer it, he deprived of this power for the future.'

οὓς ἔχοντας. The MS. reading is τοὺς ἔχοντας, with which either ἀφείλετο or ἐνόμιζεν must be superfluous. The alteration in the text, which is due to Westermann, is less violent than striking out either verb, and gives a fuller sense. 'He considered those unworthy whom he deprived of the privilege which they possessed."

P. 2, § 3. ourws 0ŋke, 'he framed his law in these terms.' Oetvaι vóμov is said either of a statesman framing a law to be laid before the people, or of an absolute monarch imposing a law upon his subjects; the action in either case being that of a single individual, working for others: 0éolai vóμov, of a legislative body, passing a law by mutual agreement, which shall bind themselves as well as their fellow-citizens.

ȧonpñola is taken by some editors to be passive, as ȧpaipelñvaι in § 4. But, except in the first aorist and future passive, the verb is generally middle in Demosthenes, and always in this speech and the perfect is unquestionably used in a middle sense in §§ 40, 117. Here it may equally well be 'what prevents him from having taken away from you?'

:

porov. Another reading is ép' örw, but the sense is nearly the same in either case. 'There is no part of your whole constitution in respect of which,' or (èø' öτw) ' in which you have not been subjected to this.'

ἐξαπατηθέντες. The liability of the Athenian democracy to be carried away by the impulse of the moment, owing to the persuasive eloquence of plausible speeches, is a frequent topic both with the orators and in comedy: and they were sufficiently conscious of their own weakness to pass severe laws against any who attempted to deceive them. See §§ 100, 135.

ἐν οἶμαι πολλοῖς. The order is noticeable, but equally