Woodwardian Museum, and John Henry Spencer, Esq., Crawshay Booth, Rawtenstall, Manchester, were elected Fellows of the Society. The List of Donations to the Library was read. The following communications were read:— 1. "Notes on the occurrence of Eozoon canadense at Côte St. Pierre." By Principal Dawson, LL.D., F.R.S., F.G.S. 2. "Remarks upon Mr. Mallet's Theory of Volcanic Energy." By the Rev. O. Fisher, M.A., F.G.S. Specimens of Corundum from Buncombe, N. Carolina, and of Starstones from Ceylon, were exhibited by Prof. Tennant, F.G.S. The Meeting was made special for the election of a Member of Council and of a Vice-President in the room of the late Sir Charles Lyell, Bart. W. Carruthers, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S., was elected a Member of Council, and Sir P. de M. Grey-Egerton, Bart., M.P., F.R.S., F.G.S., a Vice-President of the Society. May 26, 1875. JOHN EVANS, Esq., V.P.R.S., President, in the Chair. Capt. H. Wemyss Fielden, R.A., Naturalist to H.M. Arctic Expedition, and John Robinson, Esq., M.Inst.C.E., 2 Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street, S.W., were elected Fellows of the Society. The List of Donations to the Library was read. Fossils from the Cambridge Greensand were presented by A. J. Jukes-Browne, Esq., F.G.S. The following communications were read : 1. "On some peculiarities in the Microscopic Structure of Felspars." By Frank Rutley, Esq., F.G.S. 2. "On the Lias about Radstock." By Ralph Tate, Esq., A.L.S., F.G.S. 3. "On the Axis of a Dinosaur from the Wealden of Brook, in the Isle of Wight; probably referable to Iguanodon." By Prof. H. G. Seeley, F.L.S., F.G.S. 4. "On an Ornithosaurian from the Purbeck Limestone of Langton, near Swanage (Doratorhynchus validus)." By Prof. H. G. Seeley, F.L.S., F.G.S. The following specimens were exhibited to the Meeting : Specimens of Minerals; exhibited, in illustration of his paper, by Frank Rutley, Esq., F.G.S. A Gold Nugget from Ashantee, and specimens of Cinnabar and Native Arsenic; exhibited by Prof. Tennant, F.G.S., on behalf of the Baroness Burdett-Coutts. Two claspers of the Male Basking-shark and other Red Crag fossils; exhibited by E. Charlesworth, Esq., F.G.S. Stalactite specimens from the boiling Geysers of Rotomahama; exhibited by D. L. Mundy, Esq.; and also a volume and portfolio of views of Rotomahama; exhibited by D. L. Mundy, Esq. June 9, 1875. JOHN EVANS, Esq., V.P.R.S., President, in the Chair. G. S. Boulger, Esq., Bengal Civil Service, Cressingham, Reading, Berks; William Johnson Sollas, Esq., B.A., Scholar of St. John's College, Cambridge; and Capt. A. O. Tabuteau, 93rd Highlanders, Woolwich, were elected Fellows, and Prof. Gustav Tschermak, of Vienna, a Foreign Correspondent of the Society. The List of Donations to the Library was read. A specimen of Apatite from a vein 4 feet thick, in the County of Ottawa, Canada, was presented by Dr. J. A. Grant, F.G.S. The following communications were read: 1. "On Prorastomus sirenoïdes, Owen. (Part II.)." By Prof. Owen, C.B., F.R.S., F.G.S. 2. "On the Structure of the Skull of Rhizodus." By L. C. Miall, Esq., F.G.S. 3. "Appendix to a 'Note on a modified form of Dinosaurian Ilium, hitherto reputed Scapula.'" By J. W. Hulke, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S. 4. "Notes on the Paleozoic Echini." By Walter Keeping, Esq., of the Woodwardian Museum, Cambridge. Communicated by Prof. T. M'Kenny Hughes, F.G.S. 5. "On some Fossil Alcyonaria from the Australian Tertiary Deposits." By Prof. P. Martin Duncan, F.R.S., V.P.G.S. 6. "On some Fossil Alcyonaria from the Tertiary Deposits of New Zealand." By Prof. P. Martin Duncan, F.R.S., V.P.G.S. 7. "On some Fossil Corals from the Tasmanian Tertiary Deposits." By Prof. P. Martin Duncan, F.R.S., V.P.G.S. The following specimens were exhibited :— Head of Rhizodus; exhibited by Prof. T. McKenny Hughes in illustration of Mr. Miall's paper. Fossil Corals and Alcyonaria from Australia, New Zealand, and Tasmania; exhibited by Prof. P. M. Duncan, F.R.S., in illustration of his papers. Mammalian Remains from the Pleistocene deposits of Crayford, Kent; exhibited by Prof. Tennant, F.G.S. Paleozoic Echini; exhibited by Prof. T. McKenny Hughes, F.G.S., in illustration of Mr. Keeping's paper. Axis of Iguanodon? and mandible and vertebra of Doratorhynchus validus; exhibited by Prof. T. McKenny Hughes, F.G.S. June 23, 1875. JOHN EVANS, Esq., V.P.R.S., President, in the Chair. Daniel Adamson, Esq., Hyde, near Manchester; Francis Davy Longe, Esq., 4 York Terrace, Cheltenham; and Clement Reid, Esq., of the Geological Survey of England and Wales, 28 Jermyn Street, S.W., were elected Fellows of the Society. The List of Donations to the Library was read. A specimen of Chalkosiderite from Cornwall was presented by Dr. C. Le Neve Foster, F.G.S. An engraved portrait of Lord Enniskillen, and an original coloured portrait of the late Miss Mary Anning, were presented by the Earl of Enniskillen, D.C.L., F.R.S., F.G.S.; and an engraved portrait of Sir P. de M. Grey-Egerton, Bart., M.P., F.R.S., V.P.G.S., was presented by that gentleman. : The following communications were read : 1. "Some Observations on the Rev. O. Fisher's Remarks on Mr. Mallet's Theory of Volcanic Energy, read May 12, 1875." By Robert Mallet, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S. 2. "On the Physical Conditions under which the Cambrian and Lower Silurian Rocks were probably deposited over the European Area." By Henry Hicks, Esq., F.G.S. 3. "On a Bone-Cave in Creswell Crags." By the Rev. J. Magens Mello, M.A., F.G.S. 4. "Notes on Haytor Iron Mine." By Clement Le Neve Foster, Esq., B.A., D.Sc., F.G.S. 5. "On the Formation of the Polar Ice-cap." By J. J. Murphy, Esq., F.G.S. 6. "Notes on the Gasteropoda of the Guelph Formation of Canada." By Prof. H. Alleyne Nicholson, M.D., D.Sc., F.R.S.E., F.G.S. 7. "Description of a New Genus of Tabulate Coral." By G. J. Hinde, Esq., F.G.S. 8. "On the Superficial Geology of the Central Region of North America." By G. M. Dawson, Esq., Assoc.R.S.M., Geologist to H.M. North-American-Boundary Commission. Communicated by Dr. Bigsby, F.R.S., F.G.S. 9. "On some important Facts connected with the Boulders and Drifts of the Eden Valley, and their bearing on the Theory of a Melting Ice-sheet charged throughout with Rock-fragments." By D. Mackintosh, Esq., F.G.S. 10. "Observations on the unequal distribution of Drift on opposite sides of the Pennine chain, in the country about the source of the river Calder, with suggestions as to the causes which led to that result, together with some notices on the High-level Drift in the upper part of the Valley of the river Irwell." By John Aitken, Esq., F.G.S. 11. "On the Granitoid and Associated Metamorphic Rocks of the Lake-district." By J. Clifton Ward, Esq., M.A., F.G.S. 12. "On the Correlation of the Deposits in Cefn and Pontnewydd Caves, with the Drifts of the neighbourhood." By D. Mackintosh, Esq., F.G.S. 13. "Geological Notes from the State of New York." By T. G. B. Lloyd, Esq., C.E., F.G.S. 14. "On a Vertebrate Fossil from the Gault of Folkestone, which also occurs in the Cambridge Greensand." By Prof. H. G. Seeley, F.L.S., F.G.S. The following specimens were exhibited: Bones of Elephas primigenius, Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Cervus megaceros, &c., from the bone-caves in Cresswell Crags; exhibited in illustration of his paper by the Rev. J. Magens Mello, M.A., F.G.S. Specimens of Gasteropoda from the Guelph Formation of Canada; exhibited by Prof. Alleyne Nicholson, F.G.S., in illustration of his paper. Sphærolites Nicholsoni, a new Tabulate Coral from the Lower Helderberg (Ludlow) formation near Dalhousie, New Brunswick; exhibited by G. J. Hinde, Esq., F.G.S., in illustration of his paper. Stone implements, fragments of pottery, and human skulls, and Tertiary and Secondary fossils from South Africa; exhibited by Dr. W. G. Atherstone, F.G.S. Specimens of Phosphate of Lime (Miocene) from Bordeaux; exhibited by Henry Hicks, Esq., F.G.S. A series of Fossils from the Red Crag of Suffolk; exhibited by E. Charlesworth, Esq., F.G.S. 20. The Rocks of the MINING DISTRICTS of CORNWALL, and their RELATION to METALLIFEROUS DEPOSITS. By J. ARTHUR PHILLIPS, Esq., M.I.C.E., F.G.S., &c. (Read March 10, 1875.) [PLATE XVI.] THE more striking geological features of the mining districts of Cornwall are so generally known as scarcely to require description. The most commonly occurring rock is "killas," or clay-slate, through which four large and several smaller protrusions of granite have taken place*. The cleavage-planes of the slates almost invariably dip from the intruding masses of granite, but usually at a less angle than the line of contact of the two rocks. Near the point of junction the granite often becomes fine-grained, and not unfrequently sends off veins into the adjoining slates. Masses of granite are also sometimes found imbedded in slate; and fragments of slate enclosed in granite are occasionally met with. At Herland, in the Crowan district, at a considerable distance from any known body of granite, isolated masses of this rock have been found at a depth of 110 fathomst; and somewhat similar disconnected granitic blocks are said to occur, 49 fathoms deep, at Huel Buller, near Redruth. The granite constituting the larger areas is usually divided into floors resembling beds, which form sheets in the central portions of the several masses, while the edges bend beneath the surrounding sedimentary rocks, and approximate in conformation to the surface of junction between the two. The granites of Cornwall and of Dartmoor probably belong to the same geological age; and there is evidence that the great upheaval of the granite of the latter locality occurred in Post-Carboniferous times. The slates in the vicinity of granite are usually of a green, brown, purple, or violet hue; but those which are situated at a distance from it are often grey, bluish grey, deep blue, brownish yellow, or buff §. In the western portions of the principal mining district the slates are believed to be non-fossiliferous; but in the eastern part of the county various organisms occur, both in the killas and in its associated beds of limestone, which indicate that these rocks belong either to the Devonian or to the Lower Carboniferous period. It is, however, probable that some of the rocks of south-western Cornwall may be of Silurian age. *The granite of the Germoe district, including the Godolphin and Tregoning Hills, is here classed with the smaller masses. + W. J. Henwood, F.R.S., Trans. Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, vol. v. p. 36. Ibid. p. 157.--The fragments of granite enclosed in slate may have become detached from intrusive masses, and have subsequently been displaced by faults. SW. J. Henwood, Journal of the Royal Inst. of Cornwall, vol. iv. (1873– 1874) p. 10. Q. J. G. S. No. 123. |